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Group decision making vs individual
Group decision making vs individual
Group decision making vs individual
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In a prior position as a supervisor for an insurance tracking company I made a number of decisions individually and in a group. As for individual decisions:
• Whom to put in what queue to maximize efficiency?
• Whom to spend more time coaching to increase their production or quality?
• How to improve team morale with fun activities or recognition?
• When to escalate issues to HR or my supervisor?
These were usually reached intuitively. My upper management team was in Arizona while my team and I were in Pennsylvania. This separation allowed me to run my team day to day with little guidance. I was close to the process and could best gauge what employees would be better suited for what activities.
For group decisions which contained other supervisors and managers (usually on a long conference call):
• What new queues or activities to implement or abandon?
• What new training or recursive training was needed to improve overall quality?
• Production and Quality standard adjustments?
• What work to offshoring?
As Harrison (1999) stated about groups having: “A tendency to
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The above mentioned individual decisions as well as the normal decisions faced daily, how to discipline, attendance issues, best practices and motivation, all which had some previously defined rules around them. At the core it was basically right or wrong, so intuitively the correct way to handle something could be grasped. Category II types; unique or judgmental, were made a few levels above me. Structure changes, staffing, policy and procedural changes which relied on data and statistics to help rationally decide the best course of actions for the organization. Over all I was satisfied with the process and who was making what decisions. There was little transparency with the larger Category II decisions, usually they were just announced with little
The team needs to establish a policy and procedure which would be a step toward an organizational structure. This process will be a framework that defines formal reporting relationships between the different levels of management. For example, the guidelines can be used as a protocol of the process managers needs to follow to assist their employees through the change process. The team also needs to provide in house trainings for all departments so employees can be aware and implement the new changes. The training will increase skill level and improve staff productivity.
The influence that the behaviors of groups have is one of the most important factors that help shape and contribute to a functional society. With their works, William Edward Burghardt
Proactive management of the decision-making process can minimize the threat of groupthink compromising the quality of decisions. Managers can place importance of having a wide variety of options and idea brought to the table. Encouraging employees to thoroughly analyze all aspects of the options, from the moral and ethical implications, to the response they can expect from their opposition. With each decision appoint one or more group member to play devil’s advocate to the suggested options, ask that person to analyze and make a case against each of the suggestions (Sims & Sauser, 2013). Rotate this position throughout the group so that one person is not refuting the groups ideas consistently. Continually encouraging and rewarding contrasting views can hedge the complacency groups fall into after working together for periods of time. Management should be active listeners in the decision-making process being careful to not assert their preference towards a certain option to avoid the group conforming to the preferences of their superiors before the options are fully analyzed (Rose, 2011). Finally, after a decision has been made and the analysis has been completed before implementing or going public with the idea reconvene and go through the choose plan of action one last time to ensure that new information has not become available and
In today’s society individuals/groups tend to behave, respond, adapt or become ineffectual depending on their surrounding environment. Individuals find it less tedious to conform to the majority vote than to stand out and speak their truth. Conformance has become a norm amongst individuals; we are pressured to conform to the majority vote just to feel socially appropriate. How can individuals grow and develop their own personality without voicing their opinions? Larger organizations tend to construe people into thinking they’re correct and what they are preaching is appropriate. When a group becomes institutionalized as an organization, it evolves shared beliefs, values, and assumptions (page 226). Formed by spontaneously developed relationships, formal groups are created by larger organizations. It is very important for formal groups to focus their attention on a set of beliefs, values, and composition. Introduced by Irving Janis, the phenomenon of “groupthink” was introduced to correlate group conformance on a higher level. Obtaining group dominance is crucial to many high-level decision makers in the government. This phenomenon has led to incompetent and disastrous decisions.
Delegating leadership responsibilities to in-groups poses a challenge of building a strong structure with a clear understanding of procedure. On the other side, if the leader cuts followers out of the decision making process, the newly formed relationships will suffer. The Normative Decision Model offers a recommendation for the ways leaders “adjust their decision style depending on the degree to which the quality of the decision is important and the likelihood that employees will accept the decision (Nahavandi, 2015).” An easy first step for leaders is to understand how many people will be effected by the decision (Nahavandi, 2015). Does it only concern an individual or is the whole group going to be impacted? Using the decision tree on page 76 of Nahavandi’s The Art and Science of Leadership (2015), leaders can effectively identify the appropriate decision style needed. A leader must adopt an autocratic style when the quality of the decision is not significant, when employees disagree, and when the employees don’t see eye to eye with the organizations goals (Nahavandi, 2015). While a consultative style is necessary when the employees will hold the responsibility of implementation; especially when employees agree with the overall goals of the organization (Nahavandi, 2015). Finally, “group oriented decision style should be used when the leader does not have all the information, and
As you would imagine, having to look at our current processes and breaking each process down at micro level was a very daunting task for everyone involved in the project. After going through the progression of identifying which processes were potential changes, the leadership and project team members were tasked with communicating the findings and what the official implementation plan for these changes would look like. From my perspective, this was the biggest pitfall for the team. Our communication plan was not as detailed as it should have been in terms of illustrating value to other team members and leaders within the division. In addition, the project and leadership teams set unrealistic processing goals for team members. Thus, minimizing the division’s potential to create short-term wins for individual team members, as well as for the organization as a whole. Therefore, one could identify our breakdown occurring during the second cluster of Kitters’ Eight Steps of Change. Thus, this paper will attempt to address how change management can help leadership implement a change within the organization through analysis and
The success of group decision making depends on the people who are engaged in the process of decision making. The decision makers come across a lot of problems which requires different types of decision making processes. In this course, they might find themselves taking the same decisions over and over again. Different decision makers have different styles of decision making. If more people are involved in taking a decision, the better will be the outcome of the solution. The main issue in group decision making is to find a strategy to tackle the problem.
Decision making is a task which needs utmost balance on the part of the leader. One sided decisions when team input is necessary or resources going into a lot of group decision making process when the decision itself is not so crucial can turn out to be big result influencing part of the outcomes of a leadership experience. Leadership demands a lot of adaptability where the style of leadership to be followed, a complete leader driven or group driven is to chosen based on the type of decision to be taken and the situation in which the decision is to be taken.
Which means, that their self-interest is group-oriented, as opposed to
Operation mangers should also have the same skills as functional manager but they are responsible in managing day to day operations and they should also possess the authority to hire and fire employees.
Today is the second session that I had counselor with this particle client. He came in to see me for the same problem that he had before. But except this time client had be doing a little than before. Before I started with the interview I had use the five stages and dimension of the interviews a client. I want to have an empathic relationship with my client, and gathering story and find the strength of my client is part of getting to know my client. This time I had set a realistic goal that my client can work toward without feeling that he is not in control of making the decision. The next is stage restoring finding what is not working now and trying to find an alternative that will work then take the action of letting the client go or
The world is constantly changing in many different ways. Whether it is technological or cultural change is present and inevitable. Organizations are not exempt from change. As a matter of fact, organizations have to change with the world and society in order to be successful. Organizations have to constantly incorporate change in order to have a competitive advantage and satisfy their customers. Organizations use change in order to learn and grow. However, change is not something that can happen in an organization overnight. It has to be thought through and planned. The General Model of Planned Change focuses on what processes are used by the organization to implement change. In the General Model of Planned Change, four steps are used in order to complete the process of change. Entering and Contracting, Diagnosing, Planning and Implementing, and Evaluating and Institutionalizing are the four steps used in order to complete the process of change in an organization. The diagnostic process is one of the most important activities in OD(Cummings, 2009, p. 30).
On Tuesday, September first I met with my academic advisor, Dr. Ana Londono for the first time. We met in her office on the first floor of Young Hall. She informed me that it was only her third week as an advisor at Lindenwold University. I was a bit nervous after hearing that because my major is Pre-Nursing and I had a lot of questions to ask. One of my main reason of making an appointment with my advisor was to ask when I would be able to apply for nursing school. I took a lot of college credit classes in high school. So Dr. Londono and I went over my high school transcript and figured out what classes I had already taken. Lindenwood has a great connection with Goldfarb School of Nursing. On the Lindenwold website they provide a list of required
...rks. In a word, the MA experience was considered to be a bridge that combines the student learning with working skills, it would be of great help for my future career.
The development of every nation hinges on the effectiveness of their transportation systems. Movement of goods, services and people to and from locations is made possible by transportation systems. The importance of effective transportation systems cannot be over-emphasized. Many countries face transportation problems and my country Ghana is no exception. A trip of about 30 minutes usually takes about an hour or more due to traffic jams. This is seriously impacting productivity and has become a topical issue in the country. The situation is the same in Uganda where I currently work. To this end, Transportation Engineers are needed to design roads/ highways that will stand the test of time, plan effective traffic management systems to reduce