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Topic on decision making
Compare and contrast the different types of leadership
Topic on decision making
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Decision making is a task which needs utmost balance on the part of the leader. One sided decisions when team input is necessary or resources going into a lot of group decision making process when the decision itself is not so crucial can turn out to be big result influencing part of the outcomes of a leadership experience. Leadership demands a lot of adaptability where the style of leadership to be followed, a complete leader driven or group driven is to chosen based on the type of decision to be taken and the situation in which the decision is to be taken. Leadership is the process whereby one person influences others to work towards a goal.(1) The following are lot of leadership models that are currently in practice that assist a leader take decisions. • Fiedler’s Contingency model. • Hersey and Blanchard Situational model. • House’s Path-Goal Model. • Vroom-Jago Leadership Model. Vroom Jago leadership model is of Interest to us right now. Vroom Jago leadership model uses decision trees and tradeoffs for a arriving at a set of branched decisions. The Vroom Jago leadership model relates leadership behavior and participation to decision making. The model makes the leader pose him/her a series of questions to which yes or no would be the answer. After a series of questions about the decision to be taken and the situation at hand, the leader arrives at a conclusion where as to take a decision all by himself/herself or to involve the group and if it involves the group, to what extent. The Vroom Jago leadership model has a pre defined set of decision styles the leader can wish to adapt. • Leadership Styles • Autocratic I (A1). The leader takes a decision completely at his discretion without the knowledge or consent of the team members in this style of leadership. This style of decision making is possible only in cases where there is not a lot at stake with the out come of this decision, when the employees’ decision is not exactly crucial for the outcome of the project, or when a leader thinks decision can be arrived at based on the information at hand and thinks any additional information isn’t needed from the team members to take a good and calculated decision. • Autocratic II (A2). The leader takes a decision based on the information that is requested from the team members. This differs from the above type of leadership in the only aspect that the leader doesn’t have all the necessary information to arrive at a decision and requests the same from the team members.
My impression of leadership is the ability to motivate, inspire, set a visualization, connect, and lead by example. To become a successful leader you have to be able to convince your followers that you are trustworthy of being followed. During this semester, we have learned many, if not all of the major leadership theories and how they play a role in our everyday lives. But personally, a few of these leadership models caught me and intrigued me the whole semester so much that this paper is going to predominately be referenced about them. For example, the proposed framework that organizes leadership theories based on each theory 's focus and approach. Focus is referred to as whether or not leadership is viewed as a set of traits or actions.
Delegating leadership responsibilities to in-groups poses a challenge of building a strong structure with a clear understanding of procedure. On the other side, if the leader cuts followers out of the decision making process, the newly formed relationships will suffer. The Normative Decision Model offers a recommendation for the ways leaders “adjust their decision style depending on the degree to which the quality of the decision is important and the likelihood that employees will accept the decision (Nahavandi, 2015).” An easy first step for leaders is to understand how many people will be effected by the decision (Nahavandi, 2015). Does it only concern an individual or is the whole group going to be impacted? Using the decision tree on page 76 of Nahavandi’s The Art and Science of Leadership (2015), leaders can effectively identify the appropriate decision style needed. A leader must adopt an autocratic style when the quality of the decision is not significant, when employees disagree, and when the employees don’t see eye to eye with the organizations goals (Nahavandi, 2015). While a consultative style is necessary when the employees will hold the responsibility of implementation; especially when employees agree with the overall goals of the organization (Nahavandi, 2015). Finally, “group oriented decision style should be used when the leader does not have all the information, and
A leader that retain most of the authority for themselves and make most decision individually. According to, Washington Post Rhee had a bold, confrontational style that turned off many. She use words in her statements ”crappy” and “criminal” to describe the school system and district’s math score. In other words, Rhee leadership style is autocratic leadership.
STYLES OF LEADERSHIP An autocratic leadership style is one where the manager sets objectives, allocates tasks, and insists on obedience. Therefore the group becomes dependent on him or her. The result of this style is the members of the group are often dissatisfied with the leader. This results in little cohesion, the need for high levels of supervision, and poor levels of motivation amongst employees. A democratic leadership style encourages participation in decision making.
In autocratic leadership style, the leaders take direction ship and make decision in own. They do not transfer any domination to the others.
In order to ensure that I function as an effective leader, I must observe and reflect upon major leadership theories and models. I believe the Situational Leadership Theory, the Path-Goal Theory of Leadership, and Vroom and Yetton’s Normative Decision Model may help me achieve this high quality leadership that I seek. These theories and models are not without their faults, but studies have proven them to provide some level of effectiveness. Further reflection on each will help to determine what theory/model or what combination of these theories and models will yield me the best results.
Autocratic leadership theory is a part of the behavioural approach. In this leadership theory, leader makes all decisions and uses power to command and control the followers to achieve goal. According to Lewin(1939), “autocratic leaders are associated with high-performing groups, but that close supervision is necessary and feeling of hostility are often present” (p.173). It is incredibly efficient and tasks are completed quickly. Autocratic leadership can be beneficial when decisions need to be making quickly. For example, in emergency situation surgeon uses this theory because the patient’s situation is between life and death and there is no time to discuss with other members. Bass (2008) mentioned in the Leadership styles and theories article, “Autocratic leaders can be effective because they create good structure, and determine what needs to be done. They provide rewards for compliance, but punish disobedience” (Giltinane, 2013, p. 35-37).
Consultive likely to result in employees becoming angry. Democratic it is categorized by a discussion with the employees and their involvement in the making of plans and policies. They encourage participation in decision-making. Free-rein avoids influence and responsibility. The non-interest type of leader passes on the responsibility for decision-making to their employees and takes a minimum of initiative in an organization. The leader gives no direction and allows the group to establish its goals and work out its problems.
The leadership style that was possessed here was autocratic leadership. Autocratic leadership involves the leader making decisions and using power to control the situation and others Kelly, P.,
Autocrat, Benevolent Autocrat, Consultative, Participative, Consensus and Laissez-Faire are types of leadership styles. Individuals’ personalities have an influence on which leadership style he or she claims. It is common knowledge to professional leaders that autocrat style leaders are directive and demand instant action from team members without explanation where as benevolent autocrat leaders declare with explanation (Leadership Styles, 1997, p.1 & Sutcliffe, 1999, p.276). Interactive leadership styles are consultative and participative. Consultative gets opinions before deciding on the plan and participative leaders consider team members’ view points before making final decisions (Leadership Styles, 1997, p.1 & Sutcliffe, 1999, p.276). Consensus and Laissez-Faire leadership roles...
They enjoy full authority, and make the decisions all, and often do not tell anyone what they are doing. And often keeps the leader's autocratic, authoritarian, on his power by force or intimidation, or threat of, or reward and punishment, or the use of his position. And although it may have a clear vision or may not be, and directs the organization or not guided in the right direction, but it does not care whether anyone agrees to work or not. In addition, in the autocratic leadership allow to take decisions quickly, and eliminate the debate about how things work and why. But at the same time it may reduce the likelihood of getting a range of different ideas from different people, and they may treat people in a bad way, or if they are not important. If this leader interested in his own authority or position, as often happens, they will be worried and cautious, and will be keen to crush any opposition to him or to his ideas and decisions. Well, it has not allowed the use of innovation or ideas of others unless it is part of his
An autocratic style of leadership is also known as an authoritarian leadership style of managing. Autocratic leaders are those who believe in individual control over all and every decision. Autocratic leaders also do not believe in any inputs from group members. Leaders that practice autocratic style of leadership normally make business choices based on their own agendas and judgments and never accept recommendations from their subordinates.
Autocratic leaders also known as authoritarian leaders are leaders that have absolute authority over subordinates, are in control of the situation they are in, dictate and enforce orders, rarely consult with or ask opinions of others, are highly task driven, and the emotional needs of people are a low priority. The advantage of an Autocratic leader is they typically achieve results quickly; they would make a great leader during the time of crisis or when a project
We can divide the theories that deal with leadership in 3 chronological groups. First were the trait theories. Until the 1940's, research in the field of leadership was dominated by these theories. Second came the behavioral theories which were very influent until the late 1960's. Finally, contingency theories are the most modern theories about leadership.
In addition, (Amandi et al, 2004) makes us understand issues related to leadership decision and also gives a clear overview on leadership theories.