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The role of perception
Perception in people
Human perception psychology
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Rick Hanson, psychologist, best-selling author, and summa cumlaude of UCLA, wrote ”Negativity Bias and Paper Tigers” on October 3, 2010 in the Huffington Post. The article focuses on negativity biases and how to recognize negative thinking. He states that the brain is constantly looking for bad news. And that when the brain registers bad news that is what it focuses on, but, when it registers good news, it's a fleeting thought. The brain is like acrylic paint for bad news, but watercolor paint for good news. Acrylic is hard to get off skin, but watercolor washes right off. The reference to the paper tiger he states is that there are two kinds of mistakes in evolution. The first is when someone thinks there is a tiger in the bushes, but there
Furthermore, the authors aim to unfold the scientific logic of their analysis of the effects of hidden biases so people will be “better able to achieve the alignment,” between their behavior and intentions (Banaji and Greenwald, 2013) preface
If someone thinks negatively towards something the outcome will not be good, and vice versa. Thinking you can achieve the American dream is a major key in doing so, and some Americans are already on the right track. In the U.S., a survey showed that 36 percent of Americans say they have achieved the dream, and another 46 percent believe they are on the path of achieving it. It is not so easy, though, to always look on the bright side. Sometimes it seems as if nothing is going right; that is when negativity occurs. People can argue that mindset has little impact on the outcome, or that it does not matter how positive a person is because some things are just not meant to be. An article, however, proves this wrong. The paper argues how negative emotions prevent humans from flourishing; it also states, “if your ratio of positive to negative emotions is greater than 2.9013 to one, you will flourish both physically and psychologically.” If a person believes in themselves, they are more likely to accomplish their
Prior to the Civil War, African Americans were treated as second class individuals. They lacked the freedom and equality they sought for. To the African Americans, the Civil War was a war of liberation. Contrary to what African Americans perceived, Southerners viewed the war as an episode of their journey to salvation. Southern lands may have been destroyed and depleted, but the South was persistent that their racial order would not be disrupted. To most, the goals of the Reconstruction era were to fully restore the Union, and to some, grant emancipation and liberty to former slaves. Although the newly freedmen gained various rights and liberties, their naïve dreams of complete equality and liberation collapsed due to the immense resistance of the South.
Growing up in a very accepting and forward home, I always found myself to be free of most bias. Having been the target of some racial prejudice in the past, I always told myself that I would make sure nobody else had to feel the same way. While this may be a great way to think, it really only covers the fact that you will not have any explicit bias. What I have realized during the course of this class is that implicit bias often has a much stronger effect on us than we might think, and even the most conscious people can be affected.
Cooper, Joel. Cognitive Dissonance: Fifty Years of a Classic Theory. Los Angeles: SAGE, 2007. Print
This essay touched on the topics of Negativity Bias, Confirmation Bias, and Gamblers Fallacy, and Illusion of control. Each is just a few samples of a massive plethora of biases and theories based upon humanity. Most people have certain biases that govern their subconscious and will trigger if certain scenarios are met. It is hard to change some effects, like confirmation bias, after it has occurred because it easier to go along with preconceived notion rather than put the effort in reshaping thought
"Dear Ann: I have a problem. I have two brothers. One brother is in television, the other was put to death in the electric chair for murder. My mother died from insanity when I was three years old. My sisters are prostitutes, and my father sells narcotics to high school students. Recently I met a girl who was just released from a reformatory where she served time for smothering her illegitimate child to death, and I want to marry her. My problem is—if I marry this girl, should I tell her about my brother who is in television?” (Goldberg 117)
In Blindspot we read a lot about biases people have and that many do not even know they have a bias. When Zehr makes this statement in The Little Book of Restorative Justice we can see that he will more than likely have biases. These biases that he has are called implicit biases. Implicit biases are biases people have but they don’t realize that they have a bias. Zehr doesn’t say that he has biases but from taking the IAT test we know that almost everyone has some bias without even knowing it. In our class very few people were in the middle which means that they did not have a preference when we took these tests.
“The optimism bias stands guard. It’s in charge of keeping our minds at ease and our bodies healthy. It moves us forward, rather than to the nearest high-rise rooftop.”– Sharot. In this quotation, Sharot shares her belief that we have a tendency to overestimate positive events that will happen in our life, this is the optimism bias; and this tendency keeps us living. It is also a long-term effect and not a short term one. Researchers have long discussed the question of why we still have an unrealistic optimism even though reality throws events at us that could change our view and believes. They have found that indeed, people tend to be optimistic about themselves, they also accept an information that has positive implication for them more easily that one that has negative implication for them. But do we have evidence that people have an unrealistically optimistic view of themselves; in other words, do they never predict that something negative will
Media plays an important and powerful part in America. There are many different types of ways that the media can be biased. Below I will talk about different way the media is biased and explain how each of them can be possible. There are a lot of American that consult their television sets for the news daily. They come up with opinions on certain issues based on what they've saw, heard, and read in the media, such as the news on TV, radio, and newspapers they have read. The roles in the political affairs in the media are really vital: They have the advantage to make or break a person that is going for what they want to win. They can criticize a running applicant or make them popular. The news media networks affect the people watching the news
The term bias can generally be referred to the situation that hinders or prevents complete consideration of an issue or situation. Bias may be viewed as a normal aspect in daily human life but in the situation where there is hidden bias can be very dangerous. Hidden bias may mislead and lead to rise of several disputes especially in the society. Bias is also very common aspect in the media as well. To understand and disclose it better it appropriate to choose two Medias and analyze them under a similar current topic. The CNN and USA Today can offer good basis for these analysis. To bring the bias out clearly it is also appropriate also to figure out a similar current topic or issue such as the issue on gun control that has been trending currently in both Medias and bring out this aspect of bias clearly from that.
The infamous David Brinkley once said, “News is what I say it is.” At our current day in age, news is what journalists say it is, and Brinkley was brave enough to dispel that. The media define what “is” news, and simultaneously, what is not news. Indeed, there is immense bias in the media—that is indisputable. But how exactly does the journalistic professionalism affect the information we get through news channels? Many feel that journalistic and media bias enters because of personal viewpoints and politics, yet these are not the sole reasons—in fact there are several reasons, all of which can be applied to foreign coverage, for example: the negative light on Africa (as a continent). In “The White Correspondent’s Burden” by Jina Moore, the continent as a whole is broadcasted as one unchanging continent of endless suffering. With the light on Africa, and the unvarying perspective media shines on it, the spiral of silence, framing, Agenda Setting, Gatekeeping Theory, and Uses and Gratifications Theory, all become very apparent and point to reasons that account for the stories’ bias.
I have learned that bias is very hard to overcome, but acknowledging its basis can help change the lenses I view the world through.
Ehrenreich, B (2008) Bright-Sided: How the Relentless Promotion of Positive Thinking Has Undermined America, Metropolitan Books
According to a new study from the Pew Research Center over 92% of teens report going online daily, including 24% who say they go online almost constantly. ("Teens, Social Media & Technology Overview 2015."). The use of social media is playing a big role in today’s society. Social media in some cases affects the children and adolescents psychologically, physically and socially. Social Media has always been a great tool for advertising, entertainment, education and communication between family and friends, but although social media has these benefits, for the past years its negative role has been affecting children and adolescents. As the years are passing by the development of technology is increasing, the use of social media is becoming more addictive to children and adolescents.