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Effects of prejudice on individuals
Effects of prejudice on individuals
The effect of prejudice
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In the United States, our legislative process relies on individuals working together in groups. This group work is an important part of our government, but the process is definitely affected by group behavior. In groups, there is a thing called deindividuation where people lose control of themselves, lose self-awareness, and it is mostly because in groups people feel more anonymous. In groups, some conditions can make people want to rise up to their full potential, while others feel tempting to “free ride” on the work that others put in. When people in groups all rise to their full potential, getting work done becomes easier. When people in groups expect everyone else to put work in, getting work done is more difficult. Group efforts can have …show more content…
This could be happening in the legislative process, where all the group members have ideas, but feel that their own ideas are not good enough/don’t matter so they don’t share them. If group members all benefit equally even if they all don’t contribute, some of the members might slack off. Without proper motivation and intentions or comfortable with the group, members might free ride off of others’ efforts. The idea of group polarization stems from initial differences between people growing. These differences increase a lot over time. Group polarization occurs when beliefs and attitudes in a group of people who think exactly the same grow stronger because they’re being discussed in a group with similar views. Group polarization can be beneficial when the result is bringing awareness to and resolving big/bad issues. But, it can be bad such as when groups become more prejudice by only expressing ignorant views and ignoring anyone who feels …show more content…
With more contact between people, prejudices tend to subside as time passes. When knowing someone for extended periods of time, acceptance is finally achieved and people are more likely to support one another. Also, indirect contact can reduce prejudice, whether it’s listening to stories from relatives, etc. Sometimes contact is avoided because of fear of being ignored or shut down, but if people get more courage to interact with one another, prejudices can disappear and good relations can come out of
Engleberg, Isa N. and Dianna R. Wynn. Working in Groups. 6th ed. Boston: Pearson, 2012. Print.
This accredited notion that group work is going to work faster at producing a better solution to a problem is false. The logic behind this idea—more brainpower which would lead to more ideas then leading to better ideas—is fallacious. We, as a society, have entered into an era where we believe that the best work that is going to be done, is done collectively, not individually. In Quiet by Susan Cain, she calls this new idea “New Groupthink” she then defines it as “a phenomenon that has the potential to stifle productivity at work and to deprive schoolchildren of the skills they’ll need to achieve excellence in an increasingly competitive world. New Groupthink elevates teamwork above all else” (Cain 75).
work as a group they also learn as a group, but the downside of this
Groups can be defined as, any number of people with whom interact with each other, are psychologically aware of one an other and perceive themselves as a group. Effective groups are important as they endeavour to take care of each group member, get tasks done and strive to achieve their goals, whilst being stimulating, enjoyable and rewarding (Schein (1998), as cited in Fowler, Gudmundsson, & Whicker, 2011, p.16). Groups
In 1972, Irving Janis presented a set of hypothesis that he extracted from observing small groups performing problem solving tasks; he collectively referred to these hypotheses as groupthink¹. He defined groupthink as “a quick and easy way to refer to a mode of thinking that people engage in when they are deeply involved in a cohesive in-group, when the members’ striving for unanimity override their motivation to realistically appraise alternative courses of action²” A successful group brings varied ideas, collective knowledge, and focus on the task at hand. The importance of groups is to accomplish tasks that individuals can not do on their own. The Bay of Pigs, Watergate, and the Challenger disaster are all forms of failure within a group. Specifically, you can see the effect of groupthink of Americans before September 11, 2001. The thought of harm to the United States was unfathomable, but only after the attacks did they realize they were not invincible. When a solid, highly cohesive group is only concerned with maintaining agreement, they fail to see their alternatives and any other available options. When a group experiences groupthink, they may feel uninterested about a task, don't feel like they will be successful, and the group members do not challenge ideas. Stress is also a factor in the failure of groupthink. An effective group needs to have clear goals, trust, accountability, support, and training. Some indicators that groupthink may be happening are; making unethical decisions, they think they are never wrong, close-minded about situations, and ignore important information. Many things can be done to prevent groupthink from happening. One way is to make each person in the group a “critical evaluator”. The leader must ...
... that areas of expertise can be exploited, different people are good at different things. Groups can discuss material, and that discussion can improve the quality of the decision. Groups are less likely to suffer from judgmental biases that individuals have when they make decisions. People are more likely to follow through on decisions made by groups that they are connected to. Also, more monumental decisions can be made in groups, because one member will not be singled out for blame, making the entire group responsible.
According to Coleman & James (1961) ‘cohesion tends to be weaker and moral tends to be lower in a larger group than in a smaller one.’ The reason they state this happens is because, in the majority of cases there is a lack of intimacy within the group and in extremely large groups the members are almost strangers to one another.
A group is defined as two or more individuals, interacting and interdependent, who have come together to achieve particular objectives (Robbins & Judge, 2009). At some point in all of our careers, we will be tasked with working within a group setting. This discussion board will focus on conformity and deviant workplace behavior, and how each can negatively affect the outcome of working within a group setting.
This effect is defined as “the exaggeration of initial tendencies in the thinking of group members through group discussion” (314). We tend to surround ourselves with others who think similarly to how we do, including in online situations. We typically add Facebook friends or follow Twitter users who share our views, meaning that they may belong to the same political or religious group as we do. Constantly seeing and discussing social media posts that reinforce our own views can cause those views to become exaggerated. One reason for this is described by the social comparison theory.
Groups learn differently than individuals. In groups, you have input from others where as an individual you don’t get that. Some people work better in groups where as others work better alone and don’t depend on a group to get things done. I prefer to work alone, I know that my work is my effort. They can be effective if everyone in the group does their part.
From there it can be applied to politics and executive decision-making. The groupthink theory is a way of deliberating that group members use when their desire for unanimity overrides their motivation to assess all available plans of action. The theory is highly influential in explaining how groups make decisions. Janis argues that when groups are “in” groupthink, they immediately engage in a mentality to “preserve group harmony” (Turner, 2010, p. 240-241).
When students work on group projects they all have the same amount of work they have to do. Some students might have harder work to do, but they all have the same amount of work they each have to do. By working in groups it teaches students to share the work load and give them an equal amount of responsibilities. working in group projects shows their teacher how well each student works with the same amount of work. Sometimes when students share the amount of work it is as equally distributed as sand on a beach.
Some of the problems with groups stems from the fact that it is a joining of various individuals with varying traits and tendencies. Once a group is able to reach a state of where they find their superordinate identity, even individuals who have a tendency to start conflicts will think twice since they know that it is within their best interests to find common ground. Even group members who want to impose their will in order to fulfill their need to be individuals will be hesitant since they know that those actions can hard their
Considering that, group work is time consuming and takes longer to complete than just doing the work solely. Sometimes there can be an overpowering leader who takes over the whole assembly because they have trouble communicating with others about what they have to do. A result of that is many arguments throughout the process of getting the job finished. This way takes even longer to complete any kind of group work and is not a valuable way to get things
Group dynamics can be defined as the interactions that influence the behavior and attitudes of individuals when they are in groups. This is very important in the areas of sociology, psychology, and communication studies.