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Practice classifying organisms
Microbiology lab review
Gram Stain Practical
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Each student in Microbiology, went through a series of experiments to determine the unknown microbe that was given. The microorganism was inoculated to different test that in 48 hours the solution would either change or remain unchanged. Though some of the experiments required additional steps that was done on the next day of lab. Not only was a series of test done, but also a gram stain was recommended during the discovery of the unknown. The gram stain played a major step, if this step was done correctly students could cross out organisms that did not come near to theirs. By looking through the microscope, the morphology of the bacteria was distinguished by the steps of staining the slide correctly and the oil immersion that clearly shows the shape of the bacteria. The gram stain helped to either categorize your microbe as a gram negative/positive rod or gram positive cocci. …show more content…
The background of a gram negative will show layers of the cell wall that hold layers that are peptidoglycan and it also shows that this bacteria has an outer layer that is asymmetrical bilayer (Oliver,2017, p. 33-34). The gram negative rod appeared pink with a thin-long stretched out circular shape. This appeared on the slide once the correct magnitude was place and oil was added. From the results of the gram stain, many of the bacteria were crossed of the chart and it only left two microbes. These two organisms which were Escherichia coli and Enterobacter aerogenes made it difficult to choose from because some of the test matched for both organisms. From the start, it was a difficult choice at first. The result seemed that it could have been E.aerogenes, but with studying the results the choice of E.coli fit all the results more than the first
...imary stain and not pick up the counterstain. Other human errors could have affected the results such as not inverting the plate before putting it into incubation would not allow for bacterial growth. Not pipetting the tube up and down to mix the bacteria that settled at the bottom of the tube before starting the Gram Stain would not allow for an accurate reading because there wouldn’t be many bacteria on the slide. Passing the slide over the bunsen burner too many times, hence killing the bacteria and not allowing for a Gram Stain. If this experiment had to be redone, one improvement would be to allow for more that one plate without a point deduction. Unexpected human errors might interfere with person’s results. Having more than one plate will allow for more accuracy in the results or allow for a person to determine were they went wrong during the experiment.
Many advertisements sometimes mislead its consumers when selling out protein powder products. One particular manufacturer is claiming that when testing 1 gram of Tough Guy protein powder in 100 ml of H2O, the final concentration would measure between 0.40 mg/ml protein. To determine if the manufacturer is claiming to be true or not an experiment was conducted. By determining the amount of protein that is presented when Tough Guy protein powder is diluted in water by adding Bio-Rad assay (measuring the concentration of protein within a known and unknown samples). Measurement of color change will be needed by placing the solution into a spectrophotometer at 595 nm. Thus, determining its results.
The gas chromatography calculations offer the area values for under the peak curves. Those area values are directly correlated with the relative concentrations of each alkene product in the mixture. When the ratio of the two values is calculated, 3-methylcyclohexene being the 2nd peak area value and 1-methylcyclohexene being the 3rd peak area (represented on table 1), (11152:1283) = 8.7 1-methylcyclohexene molecules: 1 3-methylcyclohexene molecule.
The first step to the unknown is selecting an actual organism. The best way to select a culture is based on a high-quality distribution. Equally important, shaking up the broth tube facilitates in the distribution. Upon selection, a gram check for purity is performed. Step by step instructions for this procedure can be found in Benson’s, Microbiological Applications p. 99. Furthermore, an aseptic technique must be performed for this test and the entire tests following the unknown. The purpose of this test is to differentiate between gram positive and gram-negative bacteria. The key indicator of gram-positive bacteria is a purple stain and a pink stain for gram-negative bacteria. A slide is viewed with a microscope under oil immersion. Equally
Each test that was used in the lab for the unknown bacteria had been performed on many different bacteria and shown that each test has different results depending on the bacteria given. The first test, the Gram stain, confirmed that the unknown bacterium was a gram negative bacilli. After performing the remainder of the tests and comparing them to the twelve negative bacteria that it could be out of it was basically a process of elimination. Basically looking at all the results and seeing which tests separated positive verses negative results the most. After reviewing all of the tests the first test that stuck out besides the gram stain was the lactose fermentation, followed by the citrate utilization test and then by the indole test. The lactose fermentation test eliminated seven of the 12 bacteria. From the five bacteria left the citrate utilization test eliminated who more of the bacteria, and last the indole test eliminated two of the three bacteria left leaving only one bacterium left. After comparing the results to the results of the 12 tests and separating which tests were positive and negative for each it was obvious that the bacteria had to be Shigella
The unknown identification laboratory test is made for students to guide themselves into the microbiology laboratory. Students will use the producers, techniques and experiment that they have been used and learned in other pervious classes. During previous laboratory test, many bacteria have been tested and experimented in finding the results of what bacteria was truly growing. There are so many bacteria in our surroundings many of them can be found all around us and in our environment. Some of the bacteria have been tested and are known to help patients when they are sick, they can treat diseases, certain foods, and make antibiotics and many other things. Thought-out this laboratory
A pure culture of an unknown bacterium labeled # 10B test tube was handed to me by my instructor. A gram-staining kit, bibulous paper, a light microscope, inoculating needle, and API 20E system were also used.
According to Healthline.com, typically when you’re sick, you go to the doctors. If your doctor happens to suspect that you may have an infection, he or she may order to have a culture, and/or a gram stain done to check for bacteria. If it happens to be that you do have a bacterial infection, your doctor can then have a gram stain done on the bacteria to see if the bacteria in your infection are gram negative or gram positive bacteria. A gram stain can be performed on various types
Gram staining is the most essential and all around used staining technique in bacteriology lab. Gram staining was firstly presented by Christian Gram in 1883. This method is utilized to distinguish between gram positive and gram negative bacteria which have consistent differences in their cell wall. Gram positive bacteria stain blue-purple and gram negative bacteria stain pink-red. There are a few objectives as to why we ought to do this experiment; to gain knowledge of the differences between gram positive and gram negative bacteria, develop the lab skill, and be more acquainted with the gram staining procedure. There are also several different materials that we use in this experiment such as absolute methanol, Gram Crystal Violet, Gram Decolorizer,
As shown in Figure 1, there are purple and pink cells. The purple cells are the gram-positive and the pink cells are the gram-negative bacteria. It shows that the gram-negative are bacillus and are smaller than the gram-positive cells. As shown in Figure 2, the MAC plate selects for gram-negative bacteria. It is observed that they are medium in size, raised, and uniform. It also shows that the bacteria are lactose fermenters because of the pink color. As shown in Figure 3, there are two different bacteria growing on the plate based on the presence of two different size bacterium. Also seen in this figure, the unknown gram-negative is gamma-hemolytic because there is no change behind or around the growth. As shown in Figure 4, the gram-negative
To perform this test we first did a Gram stain on our organism to determine if it was gram-positive or gram-negative. After this we performed a mixed Gram stain by incorporating our organism with a known bacteria that stained opposite of unknown. We were given the size of the known bacteria and performed a comparative analysis under the microscope to determine the size of our unknown. In my case the control was a gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli.
Q1) Saliva has many important functions in mammals and birds and there are distinct differences in the salivary glands of some species. Describe the anatomical location of the buccal salivary glands in ruminants and describe the function of saliva in the ruminant digestive system. [15 marks]
LAB REPORT 1st Experiment done in class Introduction: Agarose gel electrophoresis separates molecules by their size, shape, and charge. Biomolecules such as DNA, RNA and proteins, are some examples. Buffered samples such as glycerol and glucose are loaded into a gel. An electrical current is placed across the gel.
The Cell, the fundamental structural unit of all living organisms. Some cells are complete organisms, such as the unicellular bacteria and protozoa, others, such as nerve, liver, and muscle cells, are specialized components of multicellular organisms. In another words, without cells we wouldn’t be able to live or function correctly. There are Animal Cells and Plant Cells. In Biology class the other day we studied the Animal Cell. We were split into groups of our own and we each picked a different animal cell slide to observe. My group chose the slide,'; Smeared Frog Blood ';.
The characteristics of a gram negative bacteria include that it is single layered, has an outer membrane, It primarily excretes endotoxins, it is more resistant against antibiotics and it has a thick membrane. As compared to a gram positive bacterium which is many layered, has no outer membrane, primarily excretes exotoxins, it is resistant, but not as resistant to antibiotics as gram negative and it has a thinner membrane. (Diffen, 2015)