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Structure/design of organizations
Introduction of organization structure
Key terms of organizational structure
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In this task I would be giving a diagrammatic representation of the organisational structure of my chosen organisation: Marks and Spencer and The British Heart Foundation. This report will include the functional areas and how these areas are dependent upon each other. I would also be describing how these business organisations are organised to achieve their purpose.
The Organisation structure of a company addresses the fact that every organisation has specific units that are responsible for different roles and actions in the organisation and that no department within the organisation stands alone, they are intertwined. The organisational chart or structure should be designed to divide up the work load, responsibilities and roles to be done
in the organisation, dividing the labour within the organisation speeds up the rate at which the work is done. When the work is divided, everyone has an assigned role and someone is always responsible for an action. The organisation chart establishes a line of control within the organisation, it is important that the activities in the company are under control to prevent conflicts and counter arguments during decision making , therefore the organisational chart creates a pattern through which decisions and activities can be controlled. Having a line of control within an organisation means the lower/ junior staffs have to report to senior staffs. The organisational structure of businesses sets a route of communication round the company; this means only certain people can get a particular type of information concerning a particular department would be known only in that department. Some decisions and plans will need to be made through a team communicating with each other. Some communications can be top down, i.e. the senior staffs tell the junior staffs what to do. There are a number of ways of structuring organisations, which include:
Product innovation is not limited to Tesco’s food ranges, but its growing non-food ranges too have introduced choices of many new product lines: from sporting goods including equestrian equipment to new ranges of ‘homeware’ and recently PC software.
An organization chart is a diagram that represents the positions and relationship within an organization.
Organisations are structured in a variety of ways, depending on many aspects including their size, objectives, culture and management style. It is important to look at these aspects as these influence the design and the structure of the business.
Oxfam is organised into a structure that will enable them to meet their purposes, and to provide a famine relief, to create excellent bargains for shoppers. The organisational structure is dividing up work that needs to be done, by dividing the work this means that people in the organisation is clear about who does what in the organisation and that all the tasks that are required and performed. This is also important to avoid conflict and individuals making decisions that contradict others in the business.
Business strategy is the means by which firm’s plans to achieve its goals and objectives. It can also be termed as organization long-term planning. The strategy covers periods between 3-5 years and sometimes longer. Businesses use two major types of strategy, general or generic and competitive strategies. The overall strategy involves strategies of growth, globalization and retrenchment. The competitive advantage includes low pricing, product and customer differentiation. We will look at the business strategy used by Marks and Spenser (Cole, 1997). The company is a British multinational located at Westminster London and specializes in clothes and luxurious food products.
First of all, organizational structure determines the hierarchy, the levels of communication, and how job tasks are formally divided, grouped and coordinated within an organization (Langton, Robbins, & Judge, 2013). There are six key elements that managers need to address when they design their organization’s structure: work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, centralization and decentralization, and formalization (Langton et al., 2013). The way in which an organizational structure is constructed and implemented can affect company productivity.
Organizational culture is a reflective view of the inner workings of an organization. This culture reflects hierarchical arrangements as it pertains to the lines of authority, rights and obligations, duties, and communication processes. Organizational structure establishes the manner in which power and roles are coordinated and controlled amongst the varying levels of management. The structure of an organization is dependent upon their goals, objectives, and strategy. Determining organizational structure best suited for an organization is generally found within the six key elements of organizational structure and choosing those to implement those best suited for the organization. The six key elements include:
Organisational Structure, Culture, and Management Style of a Business C2 An Analysis of How the Organisational Structure, Culture And Management Style of the Business Affects its Performance and Operation and Help It to Meet Its Objectives The organisation structure of Wednesbury IKEA The organisation structure in the ‘Appendix section’ belongs to the Wednesbury branch of IKEA. Wednesbury IKEA is a large formal organisation and it is best suited to a hierarchical organisational structure. This is because; there are more employees as it goes downwards from each level.
In order for one to evaluate and identify with the diverse business structures, he/she must be aware of the meaning and standards that makes that structure. Various businesses functions in different ways as the world is full of technology and new structures, company cultures and new ways in which companies are run. In order to fully grasp the concepts of Organizational structure and culture in the movies, I will use the Movie Up in the Air and The Devil Wear Prada movies to analyze a business scenario from them.
Organizational structure is one of the three key organizational assets that could contribute to the effectiveness of operations of any organization (Zheng, Yan and Mclean 2009) It is joined together by different flows of information, decision processes, hierarchy of authority, specialization and working materials. (Enz 2009; Mintzberg 1980) Furthermore, it also determines the operating workflow, control of information, decision-making in the organization and the line authority (Mintzberg 1980). The facets of the organizational structure, the relationships that exist within it, and how the business processes (Bititci et al 2011) are controlled, determine the managerial style that should be utilized in addition to the strategies the organization could implement. Going further, a company’s organizational design and the parts that constitute it are seen as a contributing factor to superior performance, which ultimately provide an organization with competitive advantage over its competitors. (Enz 2009; Zheng, Yang, and Mclean 2009)
An organization’s structure is crucial in deciding how tasks are managed or organized by employees and led by the top management. An organization’s structure provides a chance of untangling how the firm’s business is performing internally to ensure timely production of goods and services. When designing an organization’s structure, it is important to build it upon the vision and mission of the firm’s core objectives (Puffer, 2004). This kind of a structure will allow the set goals and initiatives to be met by the project scope. Thus, an organizational structure denotes how powers and responsibilities are allocated within the company, and work processes are carried out by members of the organization. The theme of this paper is to discuss the effects of Organizational structures on employees, Behavioral implications of different organizational designs and finally considering if there is a better structure in terms of its effects on its employees.
An organization structure can be defined as the analytical arrangement of tasks, duties and roles and responsibilities with the aim to achieve the predetermined objectives of an organization. It also helps to coordinate among the individuals in the organization by deciding who will work under whom. This is interpersonal relation between individuals and the jobs assigned to them. Organisation structure can be classified into two categories:
In my discussion, the main types of organizational strategies and structures will be listed and how they have impacted on Unilever’s improved performance and growth in recent years.
As long as there has been work to do, there has been an organizational structure to make sure that it gets done in the way that it was planned. Some organizations are small so that a simpler structure with face-to-face communication works best. In this type of organization a formal structure is not necessary. In larger organizations, decisions have to be made, so a structure is created to assign responsibilities and delegate tasks. In an organization of any size or complexity, employees' responsibilities are typically defined by their role and their reporting relationship. These definitions are assigned to positions in the organization rather than to specific individuals. (Fisher, 2000)
Organizational structure within an organization is a critical component of the day to day operations of a business. An organization benefits from organizational structure as a result of all it encompasses. It is used to define how tasks are divided, grouped and coordinated. Six elements should be addressed during the design of the organization’s structure: work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, spans of control, centralization and decentralization. These components are a direct reflection of the organization’s culture, power and politics.