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Post colonialism application to indian literature
Post colonialism application to indian literature
Post colonialism application to indian literature
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Poetry has always been the most popular genre in the literature and it’s said that the language of poetry exits when there was no language. The language of poetry delves deep into the sensation that’s why it’s defined as the spontaneous overflow of emotion and actions recollected in tranquility. Modern Indian poetry in English can be defined as poetry written/published from 1947 onwards (the year India gained Independence from British rule), by poets of Indian origin, born or settled outside India writing in the English language. After, the fall of colonial empire new literature from the colonized countries emerged depicting the local sensitivity and adding the local spices and color in terms of native cultural discourse on the world literature map. Historically if we see English language is not still having any regional base in India except some North East states and Southern states where it’s used as link language but slowly and surely it’s becoming the synonym to the vernacular. Despite its huge growth in education and economic sectors it still remains one of the minority languages in India spoken by just the 4% of the population. Despite the continuous pressure from the nationalist, English language remain at the heart of Indian society. Today English language has achieved the status, the language of governance, communication and therefore continues to play very important role in national decision making. It was the Macaulay’s “Minute on Indian Education” which exerted a fundamental and formative influence on the academic atmosphere in India. Although his intention of making people “Indian in blood and colour, but in English in taste, in opinions, in morals and in intellect” proved to be partially true, the decision to intro... ... middle of paper ... ...rint. 8. In an interview with Imtiaz and Anil Dharker, Nissim Ezekiel Remembered. Ed. Havovi Anklesaria. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi, 2008, p. 46) 9. www.literary-articles.com/2013_11_01_archive.html 10. Kamala Das, “The Descendants”, Calcutta; Writers Workshop 1967. 11. Kamala Das “The Old Polyhouse & other poems”, Madras; Orient Longman 1973 12. Kamla Das, Summer in Calcutta, Everest Press New Delhi. P.10 13. Das, Bijay Kumar. “Post-1960 Indian English Poetry and the Making of Indian English Idiom.”Indian English Literature since Independence. Ed. K. Ayyappa Paniker. New Delhi: The Indian Association for English Studies, 1991. 115-23. Print 14. Surjit S. Dulai, “ First and only Sight: The Centre and the Circles of A.K.Ramanujan’s Poetry”, Journal of South Asian Literature, 24.2 (1989),p.160 15. Dr. Iyengar.S.R.K: Indian writing in English, New Delhi, 1983, p04.
Tanner, Paul J. 1996. Rethinking Ezekiel’s Invasion by Gog. Journal of the Evangelical Society.JETS 39-1 (March 1996).
Ezekiel is a crazy man that makes no sense, but like Ivar, he has wisdom beyond most people’s Sensor 2 comprehension and his suffering easily makes him more knowledgeable. Ivar’s suffering comes because of other people’s distrust and misunderstanding of the kind man that is Ivar. The Bible is one of the most famous pieces of literature, arguably the most beautifully written, and the best story told in literature. Cather’s use of Biblical motifs gives the reader a sense of grandeur and is a definite story of faith.
In the Nag Hammadi Library, there are a multitude of texts that revolve around various themes that are present in religion. The texts that have been chosen for analysis are The Thunder: Perfect Mind, The Thought of Norea, The Sophia of Jesus Christ, and Exegesis of the Soul. A parallel that can be drawn between each of these texts are their references to the feminine presence as one that is deific in nature and the spiritual principles that this presence conveys. Each of these texts share similarities and are significant in different ways in regards to the message being delivered and understood, and how they are interpreted.
2. What are the symbolic significances of the candy store in Lawrence Ferlinghetti's "The Pennycandystore Beyond the El" (Geddes, 318)?
In attempting to define the history and modern identity of postcolonial nations, Partha Chatterjee calls to attention the many paradoxes inherent in the cultural fabric of India. It is a country, he notes, with a modern culture based on native tradition that has been influenced by its colonial period. This modern culture contains conflicts and contradictions that create the ambiguity in India’s national identity. U. R. Anantha Murthy’s understands Indian culture as a mosaic pattern of tradition and modernity. He writes of a heterodox reality where the intellectual self is in conflict with the emotional, the rational individual experiences the sad nostalgia of the exile from his traditional roots and in fluctuating between belief and non-belief he works out his dilemmas. This paper attempts a reading of the transgression of “Love Laws” in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things as not only the representation of this heterodox modernity in the personal domain as a reflection of the larger national conflict but also a postcolonial writer’s dilemmas in search for an identity and their troubles in expressing it.
Narayan, R.K. The Ramayana: A Shortened Modern Prose Version of the Indian Epic. New York, NY: Penguin, 1977. Print.
Throughout ‘To the Welsh Critic Who Doesn’t Find Me Identifiably Indian’, Arundhati Subramaniam argues that the “the business of language”, or the language that one speaks, should not dictate one’s identity. This becomes crucial in her poem as she uses this argument in response to a Welsh Critic, who does not identify her as being Indian. The poem substantiates her perspective of language through various techniques. For instance: Subramaniam reinforces the critic’s cultural assumptions in a defiant tone; she questions him, repeatedly, about language and eventually she challenges him, insisting he should explain to her how he would receive her as “Identifiably Indian”.
Recent years have witnessed a large number of Indian English fiction writers who have stunned the literary world with their works. The topics dealt with are contemporary and populist and the English is functional, communicative and unpretentious. Novels have always served as a guide, a beacon in a conflicting, chaotic world and continue to do so. A careful study of Indian English fiction writers show that there are two kinds of writers who contribute to the genre of novels: The first group of writers include those who are global Indians, the diasporic writers, who are Indians by birth but have lived abroad, so they see Indian problems and reality objectively. The second group of writers are those born and brought up in India, exposed to the attitudes, morale and values of the society. Hence their works focus on the various social problems of India like the plight of women, unemployment, poverty, class discrimination, social dogmas, rigid religious norms, inter caste marriages, breakdown of relationships etc.
The measured dialogue between Reader and Editor serves as the framework through which Gandhi seeks to discredit accepted terms of civilization and denounce the English. These principle characters amply assist in the development o...
The paper throws light on the major features of language that Arundhati Roy has deployed in her novel The God of Small Thing, the novel that won her The Man Booker Prize. Roy, through her creativity of language, makes an attempt to capture and represent the reality. The novelist comes up with certain strategies. She brings about certain linguistic innovations, by shaping and molding the language as it is not readily available, to capture Indian sensibility and present it in all its cultural dimensions.
Contents 1 Early life > 2 Career > 3 Books by Nissim Ezekiel > 4 Some of his well-known poems >
Crane, Ralph J. Inventing India: A History of India in English Language Fiction. London: Macmillan, 1992.
Upamanyu Chatterjee is one contemporary Indian English author who has attracted adulation and admonition in equal measures. His critics, who find his novels often dealing with unpalatable issues, loaded with heavy negativity, cynicism and turgid expressions, however, unanimously aver that he is witty and intelligent, endowed with a unique style of wry playfulness mixed with keen observation. He defies conventions and is rarely calm or ‘normal’ in his novels. Having emerged as the sort of champion of the de-centred and de-cultured, Chatterjee delves deep in the postmodern ethos of the contemporary Indian scenario. But the question is, are the ‘bleak-books’ of Upamanyu Chatterjee really devoid of any redeeming positive value? This study attempts to get the answer of this question through the process of deconstructing the author’s sensibility and the formative influences on his creativity.
We have, in this paper, tried to discuss how colonization, thanks to Macaulay’s Minute has impacted the educational system in India over the past few centuries and the need to restructure the English education in India. It has been observed that introduction of Indian writings in English in addition to the original English writings to a large extent can help us learn English well.