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Relationship of contemporary literature with postmodern literature
Relationship of contemporary literature with postmodern literature
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Upamanyu Chatterjee is one contemporary Indian English author who has attracted adulation and admonition in equal measures. His critics, who find his novels often dealing with unpalatable issues, loaded with heavy negativity, cynicism and turgid expressions, however, unanimously aver that he is witty and intelligent, endowed with a unique style of wry playfulness mixed with keen observation. He defies conventions and is rarely calm or ‘normal’ in his novels. Having emerged as the sort of champion of the de-centred and de-cultured, Chatterjee delves deep in the postmodern ethos of the contemporary Indian scenario. But the question is, are the ‘bleak-books’ of Upamanyu Chatterjee really devoid of any redeeming positive value? This study attempts to get the answer of this question through the process of deconstructing the author’s sensibility and the formative influences on his creativity. Keywords: Thematic preoccupations, Ideology and Philosophy, Ironic Vision, formative process …show more content…
His critics, who find his novels often dealing with unpalatable issues, loaded with heavy negativity, cynicism and turgid expressions, however, unanimously aver that he is witty and intelligent, endowed with a unique style of wry playfulness mixed with keen observation. He defies conventions and is rarely calm or ‘normal’ in his novels. Anjana Sharma equates Chatterjee’s vision of humanity with W.B. Yeats. She writes, “Chatterjee recaptures in essence Yeats' vision of a dark and bestial society. Eighty years apart, cultures, civilizations, even craft and temperament apart, Yeats and Chatterjee share an identical vision of a de-centered, de-natured world.” But the question is, are the ‘bleak-books’ of Upamanyu Chatterjee really devoid of any redeeming positive value? Henry James has
In John Updike’s short story “A&P,” the reader witnesses the power of desire. Three girls walk into the store, A&P, in nothing but bikinis. They were looking for “Fancy Herring Snacks” for one of the girl’s mother. The girls were being kicked out by the manger; however, the cashier quits because he desired one of the girl’s attention and tried to be the hero. The poem “The desire of love-power” by Sri Chinmoy, illustrates that desiring something can change a person’s life for the better, or for the worse. This poem, like the short story, explores the power of desire.
...nimal Farm, both used the plot and the moods of their novels, the point of view of the narration, the style of writing, and the themes conveyed in their work, to target the majority of readers. They please the tastes of the elder and more knowledgeable generations, as well as the likes of the younger generations of readers. Being true literary artworks, both novels, filled with suspense, intrigue and mystery, expose the true face of our society while conveying essential themes. In our modern society, literature and novels have an important and impacting role to play in our daily lives and in our personalities. They shape the face of our world and determine the values and morals society will adopt and conserve. In conclusion, as Muriel Rukeyser once said: “The universe is made up of stories, not atoms”, which also highlights the importance of literature in our lives.
Three elements of fiction are: plot, character, and theme. Plot is the main event that is happening in a play, book, or any piece of literature. Character is any person, animal, or figure represented in literary work. There are different types of characters: protagonist, antagonist, round, flat, dynamic, static, and foil. Theme is defined as a key idea or an original meaning of a literary work that may be detailed directly or indirectly. There are two types of themes, major and minor. A major theme is an idea that a writer replicates his work, making it important. A minor theme references a clue that appears in a work temporarily. A & P by John Updike is a short story that took place in the 1960s, a time when the younger generation challenged
The novel The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian by Sherman Alexie, the main protagonist, Arnold Spirit Jr., is a fourteen year old Native American living on a reservation in Spokane, Washington. He attends his high school years at Reardan High School, where he struggles to fit in. His best friend, Rowdy, is also one of Arnold’s main strong influences in his life. This story takes place in modern times, with no specific date given, but it can be implied that it took place in the early 2000s when technology really started to take off. In this novel, the author, Sherman Alexie, emphasizes that finding indentity, caring for family, and overcoming obstacles will lead to a happier life.
The greatness of Lady Chatterley's Lover lies in a paradox: it is simultaneously progressive and reactionary, modern and Victorian. It looks backwards towards a Victorian stylistic formality, and it seems to anticipate the social morality of the late 20th century in its frank engagement with explicit subject matter and profanity. One might say of the novel that it is formally and thematically conservative, but methodologically radical.
The measured dialogue between Reader and Editor serves as the framework through which Gandhi seeks to discredit accepted terms of civilization and denounce the English. These principle characters amply assist in the development o...
Simon & Schuster, Inc., 1996. The “Yeats, William Butler”. Microsoft Encyclopedia of the Encarta Encyclopedia. 1996.
This total idea of challenging and creating a new identity may seem quite a utopian concept, but it is not so impossible. The present paper will illustrate the writings of Mridula Garg and Arundhati Roy. The characters in their work are not extraordinary and utopian, but ordinary people like us whom we can come across in our day to day life. Here for the purpose of analysis, Garg’s three short stories have been chosen. They are: Hari Bindi, Sath Saal, Ki Aurat and Wo Dusri.
Amitav Ghosh undoubtedly occupied an undefeatable position in the galaxy of Indian writers in English. He has contributed immensely to make Indian writings acclaimed worldwide. Most of his writings involve the themes of exile, cultural displacement, revolution, emigration, dislocation, loss of identity, uprooting that characterizes into historical novels. He recuperates the irony, disillusionment, dilemma and ambiguity of human condition of a bygone era through his language. He masterfully connects the complex flow of time with his researched narrative. As a writer of historical fiction, he delves deeply in an introspective exploration of self and the society with much eloquence. Ghosh is laudable for handling his highly celebrated stories and exploring characters.
When we talk about postcolonial Indian drama and theatre we cannot forget the name of Vijay Tendulkar who was one of India’s most impactful and compelling playwrights such as Girish Karnad, Habib Tanvir, and Badal Sircar who flourished the Indian drama by providing a new literary vision of postcolonial Indian theatre which keeps the contemporary concerns and subjects at its focal point in an unique, innovative and creative manner. Tendulkar’s prolific endeavor reigned over an extensive span of five decades. There are thirty plays, seven one act plays, four short stories, two novels, six collections of children’s plays and seventeen film scripts to his credit. Without any misgiving he is a creative leviathan in postmodern Indian era of drama both in terms of quality and quantity. He is a subterranean observer of Indian socio-cultural reality, a humanist, a ground-breaking playwright who incessantly experimented with form and structure. He has got the reputation of an astute designer of multi dimensional and multi-layered characters whose angst is analyzed within the ambit social quandary of the society. The central part of his works is his profound concern for human life within socio-cultural reality of post-colonial India. His inexorable literary output and social activism was a human response of a highly sensitive artist to the festered, wretched and pathetic social conditions of India. Until his death, he was devoted to this human cause, seeking justice for the marginalized, deprived and afflicted section of society. Unlike the makers of the confrontational theater of the late 1980s, he did not believe that an evening at the theater would change the society, but he was always hopeful that a good play could raise public awarenes...
In the novel A Passage to India, written by Forster, he is bias towards the women in the novel. The society when Forster wrote the novel in the 1920’s had different views on women than it has today a...
There are people bustling, merchants selling, Anglo-Indians watching, and birds flying overhead. How many perspectives are there in this one snippet of life? They are uncountable, and that is the reality. Modernist writers strive to emulate this type of reality into their own work as well. In such novels, there is a tendency to lack a chronological or even logical narrative and there are also frequent breaks in narratives where the perspectives jump from one to another without warning. Because there are many points of view and not all of them are explained, therefore, modernist novels often tend to have narrative perspectives that suddenly shift or cause confusion. This is because modernism has always been an experimental form of literature that lacks a traditional narrative or a set, rigid structure. Therefore, E. M. Forster, author of A Passage to India, uses such techniques to portray the true nature of reality. The conflict between Adela, a young British girl, and Aziz, an Indian doctor, at the Marabar Caves is one that implements multiple modernist ideals and is placed in British-India. In this novel, Forster shows the relations and tension between the British and the Indians through a series of events that were all caused by the confusing effects of modernism. E.M. Forster implements such literary techniques to express the importance or insignificance of a situation and to emphasize an impression of realism and enigma in Chandrapore, India, in which Forster’s novel, A Passage to India, takes place.
David Pryce Jones calls Naipaul a novelist with an over-hanging sense of loss. According to Jones, diminishing is a favorite word of his, narrow is another[1]. Naipaul’s concerns are fantasy and myth, homelessness and quest. He frequently uses worlds like dereliction, violation, loss, illusion, fraud, corruption, degradation and idle. Despite these overwhelming concerns and repetitions, each of Naipaul’s novels has a different texture and shape. The loosely connected stories of Miguel Street, the mock-history of Ganesh in the Mystic Masseur, the satiric political drama in The Suffrage Of Elvira, the brooding and expansive A House For Mr. Bishwas, the bitter sweet memoir of Ralph Singh in The Mimic Men, and the violent world of Guerillas and A Bend in the River are manifestations of different dimensions of the modern dilemmas that confront the global village that the world is coming to be. Overall a critical consensus has emerged that Nai...
Dalit literature represents an influential, rising trend in the Indian literary scene. Dalit writing is a post-independence literary phenomenon. The emergence of Dalit literature has a great historical significance. It has served the purpose of awakening the consciousness of the downtrodden for forging their identities. The recent surge in Dalit literature in India is an attempt to being to the forefront the experiences of discrimination, violence and poverty of the Dalits. The emergence of low-caste literature has taken place alongside a broader growth of consciousness and activism, particularly in urban India. As an individual a dalit cannot forget his past. The humiliation tries to remember his past.