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Recommended: Political Ideologies
In modern society, it is of upmost importance to understand the operation of ideologies within societies and cultures, how they have developed over time to instil diverse morals and values within individuals and how these are frequently echoed through texts. These social and cultural paradigms often spread so widely and influence societies so greatly that they are reflected through literary works and can be traced within texts, and this statement resinates through textual analysis of The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith by Thomas Keneally which represents a broad catalogue of gender & education based, social, racial and religious ideologies of the 1900’s.
Keneally explores the ideology of social class being dependant on your gender, race and religion through the experiences of Jimmie Blacksmith and his interaction with different genders, races and religions. This particular ideology holds the value that the more you possess, the higher status you have within society. We can see this value operating in the text when Jimmie says “when he became a recognisable man, an owner of things.” The use of optimistic tone and juxtaposition between ‘recognisable’ and ‘owner’ conveys his attitude towards possessions and how they determine his current and future social standing. As a reader, we’re able to see the popular beliefs circulating in colonial Australia and how this positions the audience to either feel sympathetic for Jimmie’s circumstances or denounce his actions as materialistic.
Gender is also a contentious topic within Keneally’s piece. Comparison and contrast of Florence and Mrs Healy throughout the text represents the ideology that the attitudes of men towards women form their rights and responsibilities. Jimmie’s attitude towards wome...
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...ristian faith, comes with the price of his right of respect from the superior white people. As race and religion are so closely interconnected, we’re able to see why people of this time period felt that they had the right to discriminate against Jimmie harshly and how their actions were influenced by their morals and values.
As readers, Keneally enables us to see how particular paradigms within texts operate as a basis on which people use as justification to discriminate and dehumanise others upon. He comments on several of these ideologies and chooses to convey these comments from a perspective that not many authors would have the courage to write from in 1972. Through his representation of ideologies and notions of values in The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith, readers may further their acceptance of others and be positioned to perceive the world in a different light.
The playwright explores the ideas of feminism and the role of men through the explorati...
During the Victorian Era, society had idealized expectations that all members of their culture were supposedly striving to accomplish. These conditions were partially a result of the development of middle class practices during the “industrial revolution… [which moved] men outside the home… [into] the harsh business and industrial world, [while] women were left in the relatively unvarying and sheltered environments of their homes” (Brannon 161). This division of genders created the ‘Doctrine of Two Spheres’ where men were active in the public Sphere of Influence, and women were limited to the domestic private Sphere of Influence. Both genders endured considerable pressure to conform to the idealized status of becoming either a masculine ‘English Gentleman’ or a feminine ‘True Woman’. The characteristics required women to be “passive, dependent, pure, refined, and delicate; [while] men were active, independent, coarse …strong [and intelligent]” (Brannon 162). Many children's novels utilized these gendere...
In Jasper Jones, racial power has been reflected through the representation of certain groups and individuals of the 1960s and the conflicts that occurred. At the time in which the text was set being the 1960s, racial prejudice was evident in Australia, especially in rural areas that maintained a parochial and xenophobic society. Aboriginal people were not recognised as citizens of Australia and in some cases, not even as people. They were mistreated and typically seen as uneducated drunkards and criminals. Offspring of white colonists and Aboriginal people were regarded as ‘half-caste’ and were also not acknowledged as Australians. In the same context, there was a growing hatred and resentment towards Vietnamese immigrants due to the impac...
The character analysis of Mary Anne Bell in comparison and contrast to Martha and Elroy Berdahl implores the audience to consider the idea that gender is not inherent.
From a young age we are taught the saying “Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” While this may be helpful for grade school children that are being bullied by their peers, it has some problems as it trivializes the importance that words can have. The words that people choose for themselves, as well as the words that others ascribe to a person, have an unmeasurable importance to how people can understand themselves. These labels can be a significant source of oppression or liberation for many people who identify within them. In Eli Clare’s memoir, Exile and Pride, looks at the importance of words as he explores the labels he’s associated with. He does this through mixing discussion of the histories and modern representation
Throughout the text, the white colonists are very racist towards the Aboriginals. Even cattle, horses and white women are placed hierarchically higher in society than the black people. In response to this, Astley constructs all narrations to be written through the eyes of the Laffey family, who are respectful towards Aboriginals, hence not racist, and despise societal ideologies. By making the narration of the text show a biased point of view, readers are provoked to think and feel the same way, foregrounding racism shown in the ideologies of early Australian society, and showing that Aboriginals are real people and should receive the same treatment to that given to white people. “They looked human, they had all your features.” (pg 27) There was, however, one section in the text whose narrative point of view was not given by a character in the Laffey family. This instead was given by a voice of an Aboriginal woman, when the Aboriginal children were being taken away from their families. By giving voice to the Aboriginal society, the reader is able to get a glimpse of their point of view on the matter, which once again shows that society was racist, and Aboriginals were treated harshly.
Through the study of texts a number of concepts can be established which can have a deep and moralistic value. These values can be experienced in varied and complex ways but all explore the conflicting notion of belonging through the text and context.
Arthur Morrison’s A Child of the Jago (1896) is intrinsically linked to the social class system and poverty. The novel is set and published during the late Victorian age, a period in which the working class experienced a relentless struggle against the harsh realities of social and working conditions. Moreover, in his paper The Working Class in Britain 1850-1939, John Benson highlights the disparities between the poor and the economy during the era, s a result of the Industrial revolution and urbanisation(Benson, 2003,p.30). Although, Benson's argument is valid when focusing on a social novel such as A Child of the Jago; because through his childhood the protagonist Dickie Perrot commits heinous crimes and becomes incredibly defiant in the old Jago; On the other hand, Benson's argument does not explain how and why an individual would succumb to these acts. Morrison makes it clear in his preface to his readers and critics that he wrote the novel to expose the trails and tribulations of the poor and the grim realities of slum living through the characterization of Dicky Perrot ' It was my fate to encounter a place in Shoreditch, where children were born and reared in circumstances which gave them no reasonable chance of living decent lives: where children were born foredamned to a criminal or semi criminal career' (Morrison, 1897). Despite, the novel being set in the fictional genre, elements of Morrison's personal life is prevalent throughout the text. Morrison originates from a working class background and collaborated with Reverend Osborne to campaigned for a variety of social reforms and slum clearance in the Old Nichol (Matlz, 2003). Thus, the novel is based on the conception of reality rather than fiction ...
In 1960, a novel was written to outline injustices and racism against those who were innocent, though unfairly judged because of social expectations and prejudiced beliefs. This novel not only presented these issues, but is also considered a revolutionary piece of literature, still being read by many people today, more than 50 years later. The novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, has caused some controversy about the intents of the book and the way certain people or groups are presented. Whether To Kill a Mockingbird as a narrative outshines the issue it presents is a debatable argument. However, I believe that the narrative of the novel supports the concerns exhibited for numerous reasons. In what follows, some of these are presented: the historical
Two texts set in the mid-1900’s that discuss and examine the significance of class position, power and privilege is Scott Russell Sander’s text “The Men We Carry in Our Minds” and John Berger’s text “The Suit and The Photograph”. Both texts explore social class and that one’s social class greatly affects the way one is perceived and the course of their life and opportunities offered. Within the texts, they both highlight the gap between lower and upper-class residents. While both of these texts consist of a very similar central purpose and both attempt to persuade the reader about the existence of class in their time, both writers use very difference strategies to convey their thesis. Although both Sanders and Beger’s texts consist of strengths
In this passage, the author Elizabeth Gaskells shows, through the point of view of George Wilson, a millworker, the difference between the working class and the upper high class during the 1840s in England. She criticized the upper class and sympathized the working class. Gaskell uses several specific elements such as point of view, selection of detail, dialogue, and characterization to create a social commentary.
...eenth century English society. Through this novel, Burney gives the reader a view of the upper, middle and lower class people in eighteenth century England. She presents to the reader that a person's social status is a sensitive subject at that period of time and it has been the center of many attacks. Burney breaks the stereotype that certain class behaves a certain way. She reveals that the definition of "class" should not be judged solely on a person's wealth or social standing. Burney sneers at those who flaunts their status and behave odiously. She admires those who show humanity and conveys to the reader that it is through the ethical choice that a person makes, and through his or her conduct and manners that make a person noble. One who is educated and proves oneself to be a man of quality is what Burney believes as truly the person with "class."
Throughout history, people of diverse cultures and different social standings have all shared the common issue of conforming to society's standards, unable fit the mold their community provides for them. The British civilization, the oldest societies recorded in history, has evolved drastically since it’s creation and even this great empire had its own issues with classism. The playwright George Bernard Shaw publicly displays the struggles of the poverty stricken class of the late nineteenth century. Through his underprivileged character, Eliza Doolittle and her desperate attempt to escape her unfortunate stereotype as a woman and as a member of the poor, in his beloved drama Pygmalion.
Men and women led very much different lives, it was the idea that men belonged to the public sphere and women to the domestic sphere. It was at a time when men went to work to generate income for the family, socialised and held political power, whereas women on the other hand were confined to the home and left to raise the children, as well as doing the cooking and cleaning. Despite women’s roles mainly revolving around the home, their duties were important none the less and were considered as crucial for society by the Victorians, as demonstrated by Martin Wiener who states that a wife’s behaviour and character became more crucial than ever to the happiness and viability of the home . It was here in the nineteenth century that the ideal women was based on ‘Mary’- the ‘divine guide, p...
It is generally suggested that Britain is essentially a class-conscious society where the upper classes are considerably preoccupied with the view of social position, the language and manners. It is sensitivity of people to gradations of prestige, the ritual and etiquette of inter-personal relationships within and across the lines that divide the population in form of social hierarchy. British literature throughout the Victorian period in particular and the twentieth century in general is a reflection of this manifestation of British society. The class-consciousness or social hierarchy has continued to plague the British society through the turbulent years and is still a phenomenon to reckon with. Alan Carter aptly observes, “In Britain they have inherited a society riddled from top to bottom with class barriers and petty snobberies, an establishment still powerfully entrenched, and a royal family still regarded as a British status symbol long after the rest of the world had got rid of even laughing at our pretensions”( 20). In the Post-War Britain, the successive governments initiated a horde of social measures to create a just and egalitarian society, but class continued to be principal feature of the British society. John Osborne responded to this social malaise and dramatized it faithfully and artistically in his plays. He neither condemns the upper class nor glorifies the working class, but places both the classes in a critical perspective, highlighting their virtues and weaknesses.