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Introduction to stress
Effects of stress on an individual
Introduction to stress
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INTRODUCTION
In the modern world, stress plays a more and more important role in everyday life. It affects every aspect of human behavior including work and social behavior. The real question is what creates this stress and how can we minimize it. This is not a simple answer since the reasons that produce stress are infinite.
They can be:
Work related
Family oriented
Economic
Social
Health related
Etc
Every one of these has a very big impact in both the person affected and in the society as a whole due to the results stress has in the productivity of the person involved. The effects of stress can be numerically represented by the economic loss due to reduced productivity, augmentation of absenteeism , etc
The Stress Prevention Activities (SPA) program is a Multinational Project run within the framework of EU program LEONARDO DA VINCI and its objective is the awareness of the public in work stress risks and their effective reduction.
In this evaluation of the Handbook produced by SPA we use as criteria its validity from both scientific and pedagogical point of view, its appropriateness for end users and our overall opinion about the product with relevance to the specific needs it was designed for.
PRESENTATION
The Handbook is a tool designed mainly for managers. Its target audience involves also trainees, teams dealing with work related stress and simple persons interested in stress prevention.
The main goal of the Handbook is to give an overall view of work related stress. It is divided in 5 chapters:
Introduction
Work related Stress
Assessment of stress
Risk management
Prevention measures
It also contains questionnaires, exercises and references for further reflection.
The Handbook was developed in 4 languages, English, Finish, Czech and Greek.
Shuttleworth, A., (2004). Managing workplace stress: how training can help. Industrial and Commercial Training, 36 (2), 61 – 65.
Stress, as defined as a reaction to a stimulus that breaks our physical and mental harmony, is ubiquitous. However, stress has two sides – the bad and the good, in which the latter is mostly overlooked as most people suffer from the affliction of the former.
Health care workers experience adverse effects from occupational stress. This type of stress is detrimental to the workers, patients, and the hospital itself. To respond to this ongoing problem, stress felt by workers should be reported, and treatment should be provided by the hospital. This will help reduce or ultimately eliminate occupational stress by deducing the sources that are causing or contributing to the stress, and by offering treatment options, it will alleviate the burden felt by workers. Hospital policy should enstate a mandatory session where they can discuss signs of occupational stress and the available treatment options. This will go a long way towards creating positive work environments, and interactions. This hospital policy,
In Murphy and Shoeborn’s paper, Stress Management in Work Settings, practical information in presented regarding the application of a stress management program within the workplace, along with guidance for creating a “comprehensive stress management program which encourages each individual to become more self-responsible and self-determining, and suggests that the overall program must focus on dynamics within the organization as well as within the individual” (Murphy & Shoenborn, 1987). In addition, Murphy and Shoenborn state that to develop an effective stress management program; several steps as indicated in must be applied as outlined in Figure 3
...s reduce cases of burnout. Stress interventions are also good in reduction of physiological and psychological stress. Individual aspects such as appraisal- based coping strategies that involve an individual interpretation of those things that are or are not stress inducers. Problem-based coping that allows an individual focus on the cause of stress thus a reduction in stress levels. Social support is also necessary and it entails creation of an organizationally supportive environment and ensuring that the workers have a supportive work environment that they can counter the negative effects of stress and burnout.
With the prevalence of society, the rhythms of modern life is becoming faster and faster. Many people suffer a lot of pressure from work, study, family, and society, all of which lead to stress and strain of life. Therefore, stress is everywhere and it has become
Stress is not something to be avoided. Everyone feels stressed from time to time and it depends on people that may feel stress in different ways. Not all stress is bad but it depends on how peoples take it. The words “stress” is something all of us have experienced but it seems that there are many different definitions used by psychologist, medics, management consultants or others. Psychologists describe stress as “demands of life” which pointed out as “stressors” and stress is the cause of the worn out tissue of our body (Meenakshisundaram, 2012, p.101). Stress can be divided into four types which are eustress, acute stress, episodic acute stress and chronic stress (illustrated in Figure 1).
Improving job satisfaction and productivity is an issue which is imperative among all employees and workplaces. There are various issues contributing to the decrease of job satisfaction including conflict, issues with pay, stress and workplace training. Low productivity rates and unsatisfied employees increase the risk for absenteeism and employee turnover. Occupational stress can often occur in the workplace, leading to an increased rate of ab...
As the world becomes more and more developed, stress gradually becomes an unavoidable feature of modern society. “Stress is a dynamic condition is which an individual is confronted with an opportunity, demand, or resource related to what the individual desires and for which the outcome is perceived to be both uncertain and important”. Stress occurs in a lot of events in our everyday life such as everyday events (suddenly sees a red light), exciting events (having a baby), scary events (watching a horror movie) and many more. Among the different types of stress, job stressors has been generally accepted as an universal phenomenon. Job stressors trigger problems for people both physiologically and psychologically. However, individual differences when they face a particular event to be a job stressors. Culture difference is one major factor that causes the individual differences. America, England, China and Japan are used for analyzing the different types of stress in western and eastern culture and their unique ways of coping the stress. Just like western culture, eastern culture also has a lot of stress among employees. China is one of most representative countries in eastern culture. While China becomes more and more universalized, China still contains its own Confucian culture. Since China has a special environment and culture, it causes unique types of stress compare to western culture. Those types of stress are mainly work demand stress and family demand stress. Work demands are psychological stress at the workplace, such as overloading of work; time shifts; complexity of work; and having conflict demands. Due to these work demand of stress, it damages employees’ both physical and psychological states (e.g., tension and anxiety...
Stress is a dynamic condition in which an individual is confronted with an opportunity, constraint, or demand related to what they desires and for which the outcome is perceived for both uncertain and important. Robbins claimed that not all stress are negative and some may be a healthy stress as such, pressure of heavy workloads and tight datelines are the positive challenge that can enhance the quality and satisfaction of job. Robbins, referring to A Model of Stress (exhibit 18-9) identified three set of stress factors; environment, organisational and individual. Although Robbins confess that such level of stress may be functional and may lead to higher employee’s performance, the employees perspective may be differ. Individual may not want to have any amount of stress in their life depending on how they manage their lifestyle. In this topics, Robbins believed that many people have a problem with their time management. He promotes a work life balance by making a daily to do list, activity prioritize based on importance and urgency, and knowing the daily set of the most demanding part in individual’s life. Apart from that, Robbins suggest that random physical activity and relaxation techniques can be among the popular activity to reduce individual’s level of stress. From the other point of view, organisation can be another source of stress for the individual. However, the way each individual response to their stress may be differ from one
In order to find a solution to the issue of stress in the workplace, it is important to first understand what stress is. Stress is a difficult issue to solve because everyone experiences stress differently. According to the National Institute of mental health, stress can be defined as the brain’s response to any demand (“Fact Sheet on Stress”). When there is any sort of change going on, it usually triggers the stress response. Since people are always dealing with certain changes in their lives, they are always dealing with some type of stress. One of the biggest growing issues with stress is stress in the workplace. According to Northweste...
"Forty-three percent of all adults suffer adverse health effects from stress; 75 to 90 percent of all physician office visits are for stress-related ailments and complaints; stress is linked to the six leading causes of death--heart disease, cancer, lung ailments, accidents, cirrhosis of the liver, and suicide." (Miller, 1993, p.12) " Stress plays havoc with our health, our productivity, our pocketbooks, and our lives, but it is necessary, even desirable." (Oxford, 1998, p.29)
Most of us have experienced stress in our study, work, family and etc. It is normal that we feel stress in our daily life, but how stress will affect us and how can we get the best performance in a stressful environment. I would like to share my opinion with the research I got and some of my person experience.
Stress is defined as “any circumstances that threaten or are perceived to threaten one’s well-being and thereby tax one’s coping abilities” (Weiten & Lloyd, 2006, p. 72). Stress is a natural event that exists literally in all areas of one’s life. It can be embedded in the environment, culture, or perception of an event or idea. Stress is a constant burden, and can be detrimental to one’s physical and mental health. However stress can also provide beneficial effects; it can satisfy one’s need for stimulation and challenge, promote personal growth, and can provide an individual with the tools to cope with, and be less affected by tomorrow’s stress (Weiten & Lloyd, 2006, p. 93).
Stress is an ongoing dilemma that occurs in each and everyone’s life. It is a factor that is undoubtedly a part of daily living. Due to the trivial problems that occur in people’s daily lives massive amounts of stress can arise. People perceive and manage stress in many different ways. The causes and effects of stress are numerous and one’s ability to manage stress is vital in maintaining healthy living.