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Investigating the effect of temperature on enzyme activity
Investigating the effect of temperature on enzyme activity
Investigating the effect of temperature on enzyme activity
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In the diffusion and osmosis lab, we were to prove if there was a change in the weight of a potato sample once placed in a sucrose solution. Our hypothesis was proven false, due to the sufficient amount of sucrose, the weight of the object decreases. The Enzyme experiment consisted of two parts, the first including the pH concentration, we were off to reveal if a high concentration of pH could increase its reaction rate. We tested our hypothesis, and it was incorrect, the closer the pHs were to neutral the faster the starch disappeared. The second including different temperatures on the Amylase enzyme. The question we were conducted to prove was if the temperature arose would the chemical reaction speed up. Once the experiment was completed …show more content…
The time for this mix should be timed at 0. Once recorded, we added 1 to 2 drops of the mixture to a drop of I2KI on the test plate using a disposable pipette.
At a 30 second window, we continued added drops of the mixture to the I2KI on the test plate, until there was no change in color. Meaning there was no longer an appearance of blue, just I2KI’s amber yellow. Then we recorded our results in Table 7.
Repeated steps, 9 to 10 for the remaining mixtures.
We then tranfered tube 4 into a water bath of 37 ℃. After a minute or two, we 10 second window results and recorded the data into the data section. Martin, Michael R. A Custom Edition for BIO 111 Forsyth Technical Community College. Boston: Pearson Learning Solutions, 2015. Print.
Results:
Diffusion and Osmosis Lab:
The sample in the concentration of sucrose in the 0.6M solution had a dramatic change in weight as well as its percentage of weight. Where as a sample in little to no concentration of sucrose has almost no change in its
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Our hypothesis was incorrect, the more concentration of sucrose the less the weight of the object becomes. If the experiment were to be performed once again, we could probably place the samples in the accurate solutions at the same time, this way there should be less differentiation in the weight of the samples.
The effect of pH on Amylase Activity:
The closer the pH is to neutral, the faster the rate of change will be. Our hypothesis was proven wrong, the pHs that were a lot faster at disappearing starch were the pHs that were closer to neutral 7, the pH7, averaging from zero, two, three, and five. The pHs that were further away, such as pH4 and pH9 had a much slower reaction rate. For the next go-around in order to obtain a more accurate result, we would start the reaction process all at the same time as well as deciding on either one drop or two drops of I2KI, amongst the whole class.
The Effect of Temperature on Amylase
Input variables In this experiment there are two main factors that can affect the rate of the reaction. These key factors can change the rate of the reaction by either increasing it or decreasing it. These were considered and controlled so that they did not disrupt the success of the experiment. Temperature-
Investigating the Concentration of Sucrose in Cells of Carrots and Potatoes Plan Introduction Osmosis is defined as 'the net movement of water molecules from a region of high water concentration to a region of lower water concentration through a partially permeable membrane'. In my experiment the process of osmosis will be due to the concentration of sucrose inside the cell compared to outside. Therefore if there is a higher concentration of sucrose molecules outside the cell then the net movement of water molecules will be out of the cell and similarly if there is a higher concentration of sucrose molecules inside the cell then the net movement of water molecules will be into the cell. This movement of water molecules causes the cells to become either turgid, which is when the cells are filled with water, or flaccid, which is when the cells are 'limp' with little water.
from inside and outside hence there will be no change in weight. I also predict that if the molarity of the sucrose solution is hypertonic outside the cell than the inside then there will be loss in weight because osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration of water molecules to an area low concentration of water molecules and if there is there is a higher concentration of sucrose solution outside then the water molecules will diffuse outside the cell, which suggests that there will be loss in weight. Vice versa if there is hypotonic concentration of sucrose solution outside the cells compared to inside then there will be gain in weight. Sucrose Molecules [IMAGE] [IMAGE] Text Box: Water Molecules [IMAGE] Below is the method that I am going to follow through my preliminary investigation.
The independent variable for this experiment is the enzyme concentration, and the range chosen is from 1% to 5% with the measurements of 1, 2, 4, and 5%. The dependant variable to be measured is the absorbance of the absorbance of the solution within a colorimeter, Equipments: Iodine solution: used to test for present of starch - Amylase solution - 1% starch solution - 1 pipette - 3 syringes - 8 test tubes – Stop clock - Water bath at 37oc - Distilled water- colorimeter Method: = == ==
Osmosis Experiment Planning Aim: The main subject that I will be planning to investigate is the effects of a concentrated sucrose solution on potato cells on the basis of the Osmosis theory. Background knowledge: The plant cell and its structure To understand osmosis in detail I will need to explain the plant cell (which is the cell included in the osmosis experiment) and its cell membrane. Below I have a diagram of a plant cell: [IMAGE] Osmosis is about the movement of particles from a higher concentrated solution to a lower concentrated solution to create an ethical balance via a partially or semi permeable cell membrane. Osmosis in simple terms is the exchange of particles between the cytoplasm inside the cell and the solution outside the cell. What makes this exhange is the partially permable cell membrane.
However, the decrease varied depending on the temperature. The lowest temperature, 4 degrees Celsius, experienced a very low decrease of amylose percentage. Temperature at 22 degrees Celsius and 37 degrees Celsius, both had a drastic decrease in amylose percentage. While the highest temperature, 70 degrees Celsius, experienced an increase of amylose percentage. In conclusion, as the temperature increases the percentage of amylose decreases; however, if the temperature gets too high the percentage of amylose will begin to increase. The percentage of amylose increases at high temperatures because there is less enzyme activity at high temperatures. However, when the temperature is lower, more enzyme activity will be present, which results in the decrease of amylose percentage. This is why there is a decrease of amylose percentage in 4, 22, and 37 degrees Celsius. In this experiment the optimal temperature is 37 degrees Celsius, this is because this is the average human body temperature. Therefore, amylase works better at temperatures it is familiar
... in the sucrose solution contains carbohydrates. Food source would affect respiration, as each food source has a different energy values and respire in a different way.
Osmosis in Potato Tubes Osmosis: Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from a high concentration to a low concentration. Diagram: [IMAGE] [IMAGE] Aim: To see the effects of different concentration of sugar solution on Osmosis in potato tubes. Key factor: In the investigation we change the sugar solution from: 0%-10%-20%-30%-40%-50% this is the independent variable; the dependant variable is the change in mass. Prediction: I predict that all the potato tubes in pure water or low concentration sugar solution will swell because water enters their cells by osmosis.
When doing this experiment I was able to see the effect of different concentrations on the rate of osmosis, each was done by measuring the initial mass and length of the potato cylinder and after osmosis, the results were conducted to show that as the sucrose concentration increases the rate of osmosis also increases as I said in my hypothesis thusly making a direct decrease in mass.
One of the most important changes brought about by the Constitution Act, 1982, was the introduction of the procedure for amending the Constitution in future without making an appeal to the British Parliament. Part V of the 1982 Constitution Act, covering Sec 38 to 49 contains a procedure for amending the Constitution of Canada. The amending procedure provides how the Canadians through their National and Provincial Governments can make changes in their Constitution. Part V of the Constitution Act, 1982, which is headed "Procedure for Amending Constitution of Canada," provides the following five different amending procedures: A general amending procedure in Sec. 38 for categories of amendments not otherwise expressly provided for and for specific
I also predict that as more molars of sucrose solution after a certain point is used, the potato will become more flaccid, and therefore become more soft, floppy, and smaller, as the water concentration in the potato would be higher than the water concentration in the beaker. I think this will happen because the lower the concentration of water in the sucrose solution there is, the higher the water concentration in the potato, and the more comparatively higher pressure there is in the potato, the faster osmosis would take place. This would give me a smaller potato after a set period of time, compared to a weaker solution, which would be slower, and make the potato less small over the same period.
Investigating the Effect of Sugar Solution on the Weight and Size of Potato Cells Aim: To investigate whether the different concentration of sugar solution will affect the weight and size of the potato cells. General background information: Osmosis is defined as the movement of water or any other solution's molecules from an area in which they are highly concentrated to a region in which they are less concentrated. This movement must take place across a partially permeable membrane such as a cell wall, which lets smaller molecules (E.g. water) through but does not allow larger solute molecules to pass through. The molecules will continue to diffuse until the area in which the molecules are found to reach a state of equilibrium, meaning that the molecules are equally distributed throughout the cell, with no area having a higher or lower concentration than any other hence equal. Hypothesis/prediction: For this particular investigation I believe that the lower the concentration of the sugar solution in the test tube the mass of the potato will be greater and the longer the potato cells will be.
Effect of Glucose Concentration on Osmosis. The aim of my experiment is to investigate the effect of glucose solution to osmosis in potato chips. I shall be observing how the mass of the potato chip changes in different concentrations of glucose. solutions.
The Effect of Solute Concentration on the Rate of Osmosis Aim: To test and observe how the concentration gradient between a potato and water & sugar solution will affect the rate of osmosis. Introduction: Osmosis is defined as, diffusion, or net movement, of free water molecules from high to low concentration through a semi-permeable membrane. When a substance, such as sugar (which we will be using in the experiment we are about to analyse), dissolves in water, it attracts free water molecules to itself, and in doing so, stops them from moving freely. The effect of this, is that the concentration of (free) water molecules in that environment goes down. There are less free water molecules, and therefore less water molecules to pass across a semi-permeable membrane, through which sugar molecules and other molecules attached to them are too big to diffuse across with ease.
Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area with a high concentration to an area that is less concentrated (Houtman, A., et .al.,2015). However, osmosis is a special type of diffusion where water moves across a semi-permeable membrane. Understanding enzymatic activity is important when analysing the breakdown of sucrose. Enzymes are important when it comes to the function of cells. Enzymes are protein molecules that have the ability to speed up chemical reactions (Houtman, A., et.al., 2015). Invertase is an enzyme that breaks down sucrose into fructose and glucose (WOU Biology, 2018). When the large sucrose molecule is broken down into fructose and glucose, they become small enough to move through semi-permeable membranes. My hypothesis is if we put invertase in a solution with sucrose, it will catabolize it, and the glucose will diffuse across the membrane so we should get less of a rise in the osmometer. I predict that the solution that has more of a rise in the osmometer will be the one with just sucrose, the green solution.