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Introduction laboratory techniques
Methods of experimentation
Introduction laboratory techniques
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Aim: To measure the amount of oxygen takes in by the maggots and peas with the help of a respirometer in the experiment.
Introduction:
Respiration is the process by which organic molecules are broken down in a series of stages to synthesize ATP.
Respiratory quotient is a measure of the ratio between oxygen an organism takes in and carbon dioxide the organism eliminates. The use of a device called a respirometer is used to measure an organism’s respiratory quotient by measuring the gases the organism takes in and exhales.
Metabolism is all the chemical processes that take place in living organisms for example breathing, circulating blood and controlling body temperature. Since the peas and maggots used in this experiment are living things, they could affect the result since they both expire aerobically and take part in
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This means that maggots have a higher metabolism since they have more chemical process occurring. The maggot’s metabolism is advanced since it moves which would mean a lot of energy is released. . Respiration is the process by which organic molecules are broken down in a series of stages to synthesize ATP.This also means the respiratory quotient is higher for the maggot because it uses more energy and moves a lot compared to the peas. They both respire aerobically since an amount of oxygen was used or consumed during the experiment
Peas have 0.00 distance travelled without compared to maggots, which have 0.50 due to the movement of maggots. The respiratory quotient also shows that peas have a higher RQ compared to maggots. The value obtained for peas show that they consume or respire with carbohydrates and this seems to be the case since they were in sucrose solution. Also maggots showed that the value obtained which is 0.71 that they have fed on food, which was very high in protein.
gars. These are then split into two three-carbon sugar phosphates and then these are split into two pyruvate molecules. This results in four molecules of ATP being released. Therefore this process of respiration in cells makes more energy available for the cell to use by providing an initial two molecules of ATP.
Cellular respiration is a chemical reaction used to create energy for all cells. The chemical formula for cellular respiration is glucose(sugar)+Oxygen=Carbon Dioxide+Water+ATP(energy) or C6H12+6O2=6CO2+6H2O+ energy. So what it is is sugar and
Our next task was to count the breathing rate again, yet this time under a Carbon dioxide enhanced environment. We took a three way tap and attached this to the end of the plastic syringe, also we removed the piston and fitted loosely a small amount of cotton wool. In order for the atmosphere surrounding the locust to have a higher Carbon dioxide level, we attached a straw to the end of the tap, turning it to an open position and breathed into it for approximately fifteen seconds. We removed the straw and turned the three way tap back to a closed position to stop the atmosphere changing. Once this was done, we counted once more the ventilation rate of the locust for thirty seconds, repeating three times.
In the following experiment, we will attempt to examine the relationship between metabolic rate and environmental temperature in both an ectoderm and an endotherm. I predict that for the ectotherm, the metabolic rate will increase as the outside environment temperature will increase. I also predict that the metabolic rate in the endotherm will remain relatively the same as the outside environment temperature changes. I also make the prediction that the ectotherm will have much lower metabolic rates than the endotherm.
Do you know how you are able to run long distances or lift heavy things? One of the reasons is cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is how your body breaks down the food you’ve eaten into adenosine triphosphate also known as ATP. ATP is the bodies energy its in every cell in the human body. We don’t always need cellular respiration so it is sometimes anaerobic. For example, when we are sleeping or just watching television. When you are doing activities that are intense like lifting weights or running, your cellular respiration becomes aerobic which means you are also using more ATP. Cellular respiration is important in modern science because if we did not know about it, we wouldn’t know how we are able to make ATP when we are doing simple task like that are aerobic or anaerobic.
The Effects of Concentration of Sugar on the Respiration Rate of Yeast Investigating the effect of concentration of sugar on the respiration rate of yeast We did an investigation to find how different concentrations of sugar effect the respiration rate of yeast and which type of concentration works best. Respiration is not breathing in and out; it is the breakdown of glucose to make energy using oxygen. Every living cell in every living organism uses respiration to make energy all the time. Plants respire (as well as photosynthesise) to release energy for growth, active uptake, etc…. They can also respire anaerobically (without oxygen) to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide as by-products.
In cellular respiration, glucose with ADP and Phosphate group will be converted to pyruvate and ATP through glycolysis. NAD+ plays a major role in glycolysis and will be converted
If cells are denied energy, they will die. The second law of thermal dynamics says energy is lost in the form of heat whenever energy changes form. ATP is stored in the c. Glucose produced by C02, water and ATP. Respiration may be said to be a controlled breakdown of glucose that produces ATP for cell activities to be carried out. The purpose of the lab was to show the effect of temperature on the rate of respiration.
Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are important in the cycle of energy to withstand life as we define it. Cellular respiration and photosynthesis have several stages in where the making of energy occurs, and have diverse relationships with organelles within the eukaryotic cell. These processes are central in how life has evolved.
According to our text, Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology, 2010, pg. 78. 94. Cellular respiration is stated as “The aerobic harvesting of energy from food molecules; the energy-releasing chemical breakdown of food molecules, such as glucose, and the storage of potential energy in a form that cells can use to perform work; involves glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, the electron transport chain, and chemiosmosis”.
This lab attempted to find the rate at which Carbon dioxide is produced when five different test solutions: glycine, sucrose, galactose, water, and glucose were separately mixed with a yeast solution to produce fermentation, a process cells undergo. Fermentation is a major way by which a living cell can obtain energy. By measuring the carbon dioxide released by the test solutions, it could be determined which food source allows a living cell to obtain energy. The focus of the research was to determine which test solution would release the Carbon Dioxide by-product the quickest, by the addition of the yeast solution. The best results came from galactose, which produced .170 ml/minute of carbon dioxide. Followed by glucose, this produced .014 ml/minute; finally, sucrose which produced .012ml/minute of Carbon Dioxide. The test solutions water and glycine did not release Carbon Dioxide because they were not a food source for yeast. The results suggest that sugars are very good energy sources for a cell where amino acid, Glycine, is not.
Respiration is one of the steps in which helps the carbon cycle cycle around. Respiration is the
Respiration is the process of obtaining oxygen from the external environment and eliminating carbon dioxide. There are two phases of respiration; external respiration and internal respiration, and also three major respiratory structures: gills, integumentary exchange areas and lungs. External respiration takes place in the capillaries of gills or lungs, though in some vertebrates, such as amphibians, the skin is also utilized, which are the integumentary exchange areas. Internal respiration is the cellular use of carbohydrates, which then produces carbon dioxide, water and releases energy. This is created by a complex chain of chemical reactions called cellular respiration with the help of respiratory enzymes found in the protoplasm of all cells. The function of the respiratory system is to provide oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide and other waste gases.
When humans consume plants, the carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins that are broken down through two forms of cellular respiration. The two processes of cellular respiration displayed in humans are anaerobic or aerobic. The deciding process used depends on the presence of oxygen. Cellular respiration converts the material into useable energy called ATP. ATP is the energy form that cells can use to perform their various functions and it can also be stored for later use. Without plants, none of this energy could be produced and the herbivores that humans consume would not exist.
The process of photosynthesis is an anabolic process. This is actually a chemical reaction process that causes the synthesis of molecules during metabolism. This process is associated with the manufacturing of food. While on the other side respiration is a catabolic process involves breakage of molecules into very smaller finer units that can either be oxidized to enable release of energy or in other anabolic reaction. Catabolism is still a metabolic process as well and it allows for the destruction of food which has been stored. Both the eukaryotes and the prokaryotes conduct anabolic and the catabolic processes depending on the type of the molecules they are working on during either the process of photosynthesis or respiration. Hopkins G.