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Classical conditioning discussion
Classical conditioning theory conclusion
Principles of operant conditioning theory
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When Antonio was seven years old, he had a very bad flu and was hospitalized. He was able to recover without complications, but he noticed that whenever he drove by the hospital he was treated at that he would start to feel sick to his stomach.Unconditioned stimulus in Antonio's case was initially the hospital. The unconditioned response to being at the hospital was he didn't feel well. Then the Hospital became the conditioned response by making Antonio feel sick when he had to visit or drive by the hospital. It is because he associated the hospital (CS) with feeling ill. The hospital where he was treated for the sickness is the conditioned stimulus (CS), causing him to remember what occurred and inducing his stomach to hurt (CR) which is an conditioned response. This is an example of classical …show more content…
conditioning because Antonio was conditioned to associate pain and feeling sick with the hospital. He does not have to be sick to have his body respond to the stimulus he was conditioned to associate it with. An example of classical conditioning in my personal life is when I was in grade school. I loved when I could smell food being cooked and making me hungry was my unconditioned stimulus (UCS). Feeling hungry in response to the smell of food was my unconditioned response (UCR) While in school you could usually smell the food being prepared because my classroom was so close to the lunch hall, then there was also a bell to notify us that it was lunch time, this bell represents the conditioned stimulus (CS). I began to feel hungry whenever I heard the lunch bell ring. I now know that that was a conditioned response. An example of operant conditioning in my personal life would also be when I was in grade school.
In second grade I was apart of a wild classroom. Their was a lot of chaos from all the young children. My teacher struggled to get everyone on task and to complete our work. After some time my teacher decided to make up a reward system (positive reinforcement). The children in the classroom were able to earn tickets for doing their homework, being respectful, and many other things. We were able to save these tickets and cash them in on fridays for treats, toys, or even sometimes extra recess. The teacher had a separate system for when we misbehaved. There were 3 colors you could earn everyday. If you weren’t on task, out of your seat, or just being disruptive she would change your color from green to yellow. If it happened again you got a red card and lost your tickets you earned for that day. This is a perfect example of positive punishment. It gave each child an opportunity to earn tickets for good behavior, and a warning system with the cards that possibly would lead to losing your earned tickets. Our teacher was using operant conditioning to produce a change in our
behavior. Defined terms: Positive reinforcer is when a desirable stimulus is added to increase the behaviour Negative reinforcer is when an undesirable stimulus is taken away to increase the behavior Positive punisher when undesirable stimulus is added to stop or decrease behavior Negative punisher when a pleasant stimulus is taken away to stop or decrease behavior
Joshua Klein was at a cocktail party with his friends when one was complaining about the crows in their yard. Joshua mentioned that they should train them to do something useful, and the friend responded that it was impossible. This is what brought Klein to his idea of making a vending machine for crows. Klein studied crows and found that they adapt a lot to live in our world. He figured he would make something useful and beneficial for both the birds and us. After spending years reading about crows, Klein made his vending machine.
The unconditioned stimulus is the old spicy guy. It is when unconditioned stimulus triggers a response. When women see their commercial it sends a feeling of arousal, which lead to conditioned stimulus of desiring the product. The conditioned stimulus would be the old spice product because that is the kind of stimulus that is occasion for a conditioned response, which is advertisement and response campaign. Unconditioned response would be desire for one’s significant other to look and smell like the old spice guy. That would be unconditioned response because the behavior is natural, a...
Operant conditioning is a kind of conditioning, which examines how often a behavior will or occur depending on the effects of the behavior (King, 2016, pg. ). The words positive and negative are used to apply more significance to the words reinforcement or punishment. Positive is adding to the stimulus, while negative is removing from the stimulus (King, 2016). For instance, with positive reinforcement, there is the addition of a factor to increase the number of times that the behavior occurs (King, 2016). An example of positive reinforcement is when a child is given an allowance for completing their household chores. The positive reinforcement is the allowance which helps to increase the behavior of doing chores at home. In contrast with negative
Since the arrival of our twins undesirable behavior has manifested in one of our 11 yr. old. While initially very conscienscious in helping attend to the infants & her ordinary duties, she has become accustomed to playing with them mostly now. This play in itself is great, except they no longer get the changing & feeding expected. Furthermore she uses them as an excuse now to put off doing the minimal domestic maintenance formerly performed. She is generally unresponsive to negative reinforcement options. Past experience shows she responds best to tactile & humanistic behaviorist techniques, backed up by specific instruction from our sacred texts observed in our household.
Recall, classical conditioning is a type of learning that involves a certain behavior receiving the same response. Catalina could have obtained her routine through this way of learning. Let’s say the unconditioned stimulus was her situation she was in her sophomore year. Catalina was dealing with mistreatment by an adult while being bombarded with loads of school work. Her unconditioned response was to deal with the bullying and not worry about school because it was not a priority. After the circumstances were taken care of, she knew how to let certain situations come before academics. School no longer was important to her and she could create a conditioned stimulus, where her life was filled with friends, boys, and sports. She had learned how to respond, and that was to allow everything else to consume her time and energy, this was her conditioned response. Catalina sometimes finds herself falling back into that rhythm of letting academics fade into the background, but she has been attempting change. Classical conditioning can help her achieve this goal. My first plan is to create an unconditioned stimulus. This stimulus will be in the form of an essay assignment. Catalina’s class will be told that one page of the essay will be due each day to be certain it isn’t being avoided. The unconditioned response will be to finish the page of the essay. Catalina could procrastinate and wait to get it done in class, but the final paper wouldn’t be due till the end of the week. As the teacher continues this request, it becomes a conditional stimulus, which creates the conditioned response of completing one part of the assignment each day. This plan will teach Catalina how much easier an important task can be accomplished when the work is distributed throughout the days before homework is
Out of positive reinforcement and punishment only the reinforcement was successful for my behaviour modification. I believe this was the case for a number of reasons but dominantly because the positive punishment had a lack of severity. The reason I came to this conclusion was because I realized in the case of positive reinforcement if I committed the operant response at least once my entire day of hard work would be ruined. When I made the switch to positive punishment I realized in the eventuality I performed the operant response I could just do the 50 push ups and be done with it. Upon comparison of my success and failure I reflected and realized if the punishment was more severe than 50 push ups I would not do it for actual fear and reluctance of doing the positive punishment. For example if the punishment was a 1000 push ups each repeated operant response I would most likely not bite my nails. I did enjoy the modified behaviour as my nails seemed fuller and less scarred but it was not long of an experiment enough so refraining from biting my nails was still a conscious action and took a lot of effort.
Stage 3: After Conditioning. Now the conditioned stimulus (CS) has been associated with the unconditioned stimulus (US) to create a new conditioned response (CR).” (McLoed. 2008)
... be purchasing snacks to have at home, for his son. Bill could inform Jess that if he does not stop throwing the tantrum, he will not purchases his regular snacks. If Jess does not stop, Bill should put back every item, that jess considers a treat, or really likes. This is another example of negative punishment, because Bill is taking away snacks jess likes. If Jess complies by behaving Bill can begin putting the desired items back in the cart, in which case he would be implementing negative reinforcement, because Jess’s good behavior is stopping the removal of the desired items.
There were two events where unintended conditioning was illustrated. The first was when Buddy was conditioned to be attracted to the color red. What happened was when Buddy entered the master bedroom and found Mrs. Trudy putting red colored lipstick on her lips, Buddy instantly became attracted to its color, because he associated the presence of Mrs. Turdy to the color red. The color red was the neutral stimulus and the presence of Mrs. Turdy became the unconditioned stimulus that elicited an unconditioned response which was the feeling of security and safety because Mrs. Turdy is there for him. The red color, then becomes the conditioned stimulus and the feeling of safety and security then became the conditioned response. Another situation where conditioning was unintended was when buddy became afraid of loud noises like the loud beating of drums. When Buddy participated the Chicago World’s Fair he accidentally got lost and went to a public
I. Introduction of classical conditioning Classical conditioning also called as Pavlovian conditioning or respondent conditioning. It is a kind of learning a new behavior through association that when a conditioned stimulus (CS) is paired with an unconditioned stimulus (US) and evokes a conditioned response (CR). It also is a learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus (Cherry, 2014). Classical conditioning has much strength such as can help to explain all aspects of human behavior and many of advertisers will use classical conditioning to advertise their produces, however it also have some weaknesses such as all classical conditioning responses must involve a reflex and classical conditioning is a completely physical process, learning is not important as reflected in scenario. This paper will talk about the strengths and the weaknesses of classical conditioning theory followed by a brief description of the scenario and the strengths and weaknesses of applying classical conditioning on it.
First of all, I was highly interested in the concept and various factors that together make up positive reinforcement. I had a premise that I could do some experimental work on the three children for whom I baby-sit during the week after school. They leave school full of energy and it is my job to get them to complete a series of tasks before the end of the evening. I imagined that some positive reinforcement might get them on their way to handling their responsibilities in a timelier manner. My first step was to come up with a specific instrumental response that would produce reinforcement. This took no time at all because by far the most painfully difficult thing for me to do is get the children to sit down and do their homework. I then spoke specifically to each child and asked them what they would rather choose as an after school activity. They named video games, television, and going to play with other neighborhood children. I had expected these types of answers from the children and made them into the positive reinforcers that would be contingent on the children’s performance of the instrumental response; namely completing their homework. I explained to the children that if they behaved and finished their homework, then directly following they could spend an hour doing an activity of their choice.
A. For example, my grandmother lives on Prairie Ave, a residential street. My mother used to constantly drive on it every day, initially having no anxiety. One day, my mother got a traffic ticket for speeding on the street, which had given her anxiety. The traffic ticket is the unconditioned stimulus. The anxiety is the unconditioned response. The neutral stimulus at first is Prairie Ave as it caused my mother no anxiety. After being given a speeding ticket on Prairie Ave, my mother found that as she turned onto the street, her heart began to race and her palms began to sweat. The neutral stimulus has now become the conditioned stimulus, causing anxiety even without a police or a ticket. The traffic ticket is paired with Prairie Ave, which
Structure the class (Degeling, 2012). As regards of positive reinforcement Dedeling quoted “Students are more likely to do things they will be rewarded for than punished for (Grossman, 2004). But unfortunately, teachers often focus more attention on punishing poor behavior, than on rewarding appropriate behavior (Martin et. al., 1999)” (Degeling, 2012). Even though positive reinforcement will probably not be effective in certain situations. That’s why it is important for educators to understand the principles of reinforcement and decide if is going to have an effect on the behavior of the student and/or students or not to have a good classroom management. Reinforces occur naturally in the classroom and maximizing their occurrence is important for a good classroom management and the positive behavior from the students. Some conditions for rewarding a behavior are 1.reward students for behavior that you think deserves to be rewarded, 2. Students need to be aware of the specific behavior that is being rewarded, 3. Your words and actions must be congruent, 4. The reward must be rewarding to the student, 5. Rewards that are spontaneous and unexpected are more powerful, and
.... I feel that in most cases, once a student has been punished through negative reinforcement for doing wrong, the student will attempt to correct such behavior in the future to avoid punishment. In addition, positive reinforcement should be given for those students who are the majority and behave, as well as for the students who are occasional troublemakers because positive reinforcement helps show what is correct behavior in response to bad behavior.
The reward system is a beneficial behavioral modification teaching method, which promotes more positive behaviors in the classroom (Charles & Barr, 2014). Many teachers generally use the reward method of praise within their classrooms for a variety of reasons. The first advantage of using praise within the classroom is because it encourages students do repeat positive behaviors in the classroom. Many children are simply looking for attention and enjoy it, which makes it a great technique to use in the classroom (Charles & Barr, 2014). Another advantage for this reward type is that due to the encouragement, the students are able to perform at a better rate; students excel academically. A final advantage to using praise is that it is easily implemented into the classroom and requires little to no preparation. This makes the reward method a great addition for teachers as well as students because students get instant feedback without