Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a gram-negative, rod-shaped aerobic bacterium. It is a primary cause of hospital-acquired infections. P. aeruginosa is primarily a nosocomial pathogen. It also acts as an opportunistic pathogen, which can only infect a host that is immunocompromised, due to an underlying disease or medication. Although, P. aeruginosa can cause damage to virtually any tissue in the body, it almost never affects the tissues of healthy individuals. It is a problematic pathogen
Breidenstein, Elena BM, César de la Fuente-Núñez, and Robert EW Hancock. "Pseudomonas aeruginosa: all roads lead to resistance." Trends in microbiology 19.8 (2011): 419-426. Driscoll, James A., Steven L. Brody, and Marin H. Kollef. "The epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections." Drugs67.3 (2007): 351-368. This article discusses how pseudomonas aeruginosa is largely the cause of infection in hospital patients, immunocompromised hosts, and cystic fibrosis patients
BioPatch, and alternatives like Tegaderm CHG, are an important first step in helping prevent catheter-related bloodstream infections (CBIs). As CBIs rank among the most frequent and potentially lethal nosocomial infections, the need for a device to cut down infections at the insertion site has increased. The growing numbers of infections has driven companies to consider a three-tiered approach: a maximal aseptic barrier at insertion, proper site maintenance, and hub protection. With BioPatch and
survival capabilities in a moist environment as well. Unfortunately, they are resistant to several antibiotics and disinfectants. The most prominent species is Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is considered the model of an opportunistic pathogen (Tortora, & Funke, 2013). Pseudomonads are responsible for the continued outbreaks of Pseudomonas dermatitis. Their mode of transmission is associated with swimming pools, jacuzzis, and saunas. These are all examples of a moist environment that is needed for
tolerance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a widespread, opportunistic, gram-negative, bacterial pathogen that readily develops multidrug resistance and is responsible for causing acute and persistent infections (Starkey et al, 2014). P. aeruginosa thrives in moist environments, primarily as waterborne and soil-borne organisms (Chen, 2015). It is found on medical equipment including catheters, which can cause cross-infections in hospitals and lead to nosocomial infections. If P. aeruginosa is found in
“gram-negative bacillary infections, and infections caused by staphylococci when penicillin or other less toxic drugs are contraindicated.” (Vallerand, Sanoski, & Deglin, 2013, p.131) Tobramycin is commonly inhaled to manage the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with Cystic fibrosis. Tobramycin inhibits the growth of bacteria at levels of 30S ribosome. The antibiotic is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, however it is absorbed rapidly by intramuscular injection. Peak serum
Oil plays a immense and vital role in our society as it is organized today. Oil represents much more than just one of the main energy sources used by mankind. The oil and petroleum industry plays an extremely important role in the economy and politics of our country. Petroleum products, besides being an important energy source, serve as feedstock for several consumer goods, which in turn plays a growing and relevant role in people’s lives. But apart from all pertinent role the oil industry plays
potentially affect the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which is not enough to create a protocol that all healthcare facilities across the country should follow. He created his own study focusing on the strains of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacteria that cause bloodstream and/or pulmonary infection that can be life-threatening (p. 382). Buford et al. compares the differences between conventional techniques and molecular techniques in diagnosing multidrug-resistant infections
from (DUWLs). (25,26) This organism is resistant to a wide range of biocides and antibiotics. (25,27) It can cause pneumonia-like disease in elderly or immunocompromised individuals. (28) In 1987, a study described an asso¬ciation between P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from oral abscesses in two cancer patients and their recent exposure to contaminated (DUWL) water during dental treatment from separate DCUs in the same dental clinic. (11) Retraction or back-siphonage of oral fluids into
parent. Remember that chromosomes are made up of DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is made up of genes, and genes are made up of building blocks called base pairs. The specific gene responsible for CF was identified in 1989 on human chromosome 7 (Pseudomonas Genome Project, 1998). A mutation, or change in the genetic material, resulting in a substitution or loss of one of the base pairs causes the CF gene to be abnormal (Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, 1995). CF does not affect all people the same way
INTRODUCTION Petroleum hydrocarbons from oil spills threaten marine life worldwide. Animals become coated in the oil and ingest the contaminants while trying to clean themselves. The toxic effects of petroleum often result in death for much of the surrounding life. Bioremediation offers an efficient solution for cleaning up oil spills. The pollutants are biologically degraded by complete mineralization of the organic contaminants, turning the toxic waste into harmless products such as carbon dioxide
moves to the interior section of the lower respiratory tract. Some of the pathogens that lead to VAP include; Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, and Enterococci. Some pathogens can be identified by culture from secretions, the trachea, and the ETT. Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa are highly infectious bacteria that are directly related to the increased rates of mortality among the intubated patients. Treatment and early discovery of
Introduction: The use of enzymes can be traced to ancient civilizations. Nearly 4000 enzymes are known today but still very few are in commercial use. Most of the industrial enzymes are of microbial origin. Total market sales of the enzymes was only a few millions till 1960 but then market has grown dramatically and demand for the enzymes is growing day by day(Wilke, 1999). Improved understanding of production biochemistry, fermentation processes, and recovery methods has resulted in the production
Septic shock is a fatal condition arising from an infection that results in extremely low blood pressure. In addition to low blood pressure, various organ systems are vulnerable to insufficient functioning, as microorganisms such as gram negative and gram positive bacteria infect a host. Due to its attack on people with weakened immune systems, the young and elderly are more susceptible to the disease opposed to healthier individuals. Furthermore, “men are more likely than women” to get the disease
disease. One clinical trial that was completed to test a new way inhaled antibiotics could be made for people who have CF and a lung infection caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antibiotic drug (Amikacin) was made by wrapping the drug with liposomes. The lipsomes were thought to help the antibiotic get into the mucus to kill pseudomonas aeruginosa, and also slow down how quickly the Amikacin leaves the lung. The trial results for this trial have not been completed yet. To the average CF patients
In the late 1800s, Hans Christian Gram developed the gram staining procedure. Gram staining is a valuable diagnostic tool used in the clinical and research world. The gram stain is a method used to determine the identification of unknown bacteria. (BIO215, 2017) According to Healthline.com, typically when you’re sick, you go to the doctors. If your doctor happens to suspect that you may have an infection, he or she may order to have a culture, and/or a gram stain done to check for bacteria. If
1. Why are biochemical tests used to identify microbes? Biochemical tests are used to identify microbes in the laboratory to aid in pinpointing the different groups of bacteria. The bacteria vary in the cellular morphology and staining properties as well as structural and metabolic properties. Using biochemical testing, it permits a keener study at related organisms. In addition, the use of numerous color changes that occur with the test, allow to for a rapid identification of comparisons and
2.1 Surfactant and biosurfactant The amphiphilic molecules which is known as surfactants have been used widely in different industries including petroleum, environmental, food, agricultural, bioprocessing, cosmetic, and biological industries. Surfactants contain a hydrophilic part and hydrophobic part which make them capable to reduce surface and interfacial tension of liquids. However, these compounds are chemically synthesized which is mainly petroleum-based and toxic to the environment. These
Urinary Catheter Associated Biofilms Introduction Biofilms are a type of complex growth that involves multiple species which specialize and carry out individual metabolic processes. A biofilm is composed of various bacterial species including multiple species of fungi, protozoans, and yeasts. These prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells attach to each other in interests of survival using an adhesive of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Biofilms function as a protected mode of growth for organisms
bacterium of the genus Escherichia that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms”), other Enterobacteriaceae (a large family of gram-negative bacteria), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (a gram-positive bacterium) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( a common disease that causes disease in humans) all commonly cause UTIs. People with diabetes, type 2 in particular, are more prone to UTIs. Diabetes causes blood glucose levels to rise higher than normal. Type 2 diabetes is the most common