Yttrium is element 39 on the periodic table. Its atomic mass is 88.9059 and the complete electron configuration is 2-8-18-9-2. Although it is a transition metal, located in group 3 on the periodic table, it forms only one ion, with a +3 charge. Yttrium was discovered by Johan Gadolin in 1789 and is an iron gray color. In 1787, Carl Axel Arrhenius, who was an army lieutenant as well as a part-time chemist, found a heavy black rock near Ytterby, which is located in Sweden. He thought it had tungsten in it, and sent it to other chemists for it to be analyzed. Gadolin then found a new oxide in the sample and published this information in 1794. Anders Gustaf Ekeberg was the one who confirmed the published material, and named the oxide yttria. Four
Herndon J. M, 2005, Current Science, Scientific Basis of Knowledge of Earth’s Composition, 88, 1034-1036)
Primo Levi’s first job was at an asbestos mine in Turin, Italy in 1941. Levi was born Jewish and the degree he received on graduating his full time chemistry course from the University of Turin had written on it ‘Primo Levi, of the Jewish race.’ At a time when laws were being created that were specifically aimed at removing the writes of the Jewish race, it meant that finding a job was near impossible. Levi was offered his first job secretly under a new name with new papers. The “Quantitative analysis of rock samples” was Levi’s beginnings outside of university. Levi’s life is formed around the opportunities he gets to further his career. In the chapter of his book The Periodic Table, Nickel, Levi describes his first career path intermingled
One of the first to work with the copies made from the stone (the British had taken the stone during their war with the French) w...
Lithium (Li), the third element on the periodic table, has a soft texture and a silver-white color. This element has an atomic number of three, and is located on the periodic table in the second period of the first group. In addition to being the first alkali metal on the periodic table, lithium is also the lightest metal; its weight is about 6.941 atomic mass units (AMU). Because it is a metal, lithium is mainly used in ionic bonds. Its common compounds include lithium hydride (LiH), lithium nitride (Li3N), lithium carbonate (Li2CO3), lithium hydroxide (LiOH), and lithium fluoride (LiF). Lithium is the thirty-third most abundant element and makes up a very small portion of the Earth’s crust. However, due to its high reactivity, it does not naturally occur in its pure form.
When and how the element was discovered including who discovered it and the circumstances and/or investigations that lead to them discovering the element?
Strontium was discovered by Adair Crawford, an Irish chemist, in 1790 while studying the mineral witherite (BaCO3). When he mixed witherite with hydrochloric acid (HCl), he did not get the results he expected. He assumed that his sample of witherite was contaminated with an unknown mineral, a mineral he named strontianite (SrCO3). Strontium was first isolated by Sir Humphry Davy, an English chemist, in 1808 through the electrolysis of a mixture of strontium chloride (SrCl2) and mercuric oxide (HgO). Strontium reacts vigorously with water and quickly tarnishes in air, so it must be stored out of contact with air and water. Due to its extreme reactivity to air, this element always naturally occurs combined with other elements and compounds. Strontium is very
It has a molar volume of 9.38 ×10-6 m3/mol. Molybdenum has an atomic weight of 95.94 amu. Its atomic number is 42. The atomic radius is 145 pm and the covalent radius is 145 pm also. Its electron configuration is [Kr]4d^5 5s^1.
Beryllium has the symbol Be. In the older chemical literature, beryllium is called glucinium after the Greek word glykys meaning sweet, because of Vauquelin's initial description and observation of Beryllium. Beryllium's atomic number is 4, its atomic weight is 9.01 and in its pure metal form it melts at 1278 degrees Celsius.
In 1991, a diver by the name of Henri Cosquer from Cassis discovered the cave that is now named for him. His discovery was so extraordinary and unexpected that some scientists believed it to be a deception or very probably a farce. But soon after his discovery scientists using modern procedures performed datings that confirmed Cosquer’s discovery. Henri Cosquer had discovered and important archeological site!
In 1817, an aging Swedish chemist was pouring over his work on a late afternoon in Stockholm, Sweden. He was analyzing a strange ore named Petalite that had been procured from an island off the coast of Sweden called Utö. The ore Petalite (which is now recognized to be LiAl(Si2O5)2) had been discovered by a Brazilian scientist, José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva towards the end of the 18th century on a visit to Sweden. This Swedish scientist, Johann August Arfvedson, detected traces of an unknown substance in his sample of Petalite. This was the first discovery of Lithium.
It was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in England, in 1807. Sir Davy was able to isolate potassium using electrolysis. Potassium was the first metal isolated by this procedure. Today, it is still not found free in nature. It is obtained by electrolysis of chloride or hydroxide.
Schliemann, Heinrich. “Heinrich Schliemann and the discovery of Troy”. Online video clip. YouTube. YouTube. 30 May 2010. Web. 10 May 2014.
Scientists have long wanted to understand the environment and composition of the mantle. Teams of geologist have been trying for years to drill boreholes into the mantle. However, due to today’s technology and dwindling knowledge, as we get deeper and deeper into Earth, no one has come remotely close to getting there. Despite the failed attempts to collect material from the mantle, there are other ways that the mantle can be studied. One way is to study minerals that we can expect to find in the mantle such as wadsleyite. Wadsleyite was first discovered in the Peace River meteorite at Peace River, Alberta, Canada in 1966 and named after mineralogist Arthur David Wadsley. A phase transformation of the olivine, forsterite, wadsleyite is expected
The Periodic Table of Elements is commonly used today when studying elements. This table’s history begins in ancient times when Greek scientists first started discovering different elements. Over the years, many different forms of the periodic table have been made which set the basis for the modern table we use today. This table includes over 100 elements and are arranged by groups and periods. Groups being vertical columns and periods being horizontal columns. With all of the research conducted over the years and the organization of this table, it is easy to use when needed.
In chemistry, metals compose a great number of the periodic table elements. Each metal has its own characteristic mass,