Strontium was discovered by Adair Crawford, an Irish chemist, in 1790 while studying the mineral witherite (BaCO3). When he mixed witherite with hydrochloric acid (HCl), he did not get the results he expected. He assumed that his sample of witherite was contaminated with an unknown mineral, a mineral he named strontianite (SrCO3). Strontium was first isolated by Sir Humphry Davy, an English chemist, in 1808 through the electrolysis of a mixture of strontium chloride (SrCl2) and mercuric oxide (HgO). Strontium reacts vigorously with water and quickly tarnishes in air, so it must be stored out of contact with air and water. Due to its extreme reactivity to air, this element always naturally occurs combined with other elements and compounds. Strontium is very …show more content…
expensive to produce in comparison with other cheap metallic elements. The main uses of strontium compounds are in pyrotechnics, for the red color in fireworks and warning flares and in greases. A small amount of Strontium is also used as a getter in vacuum tubes to remove the last traces of air. The heavy concentration of strontium production is used as the carbonate in special glass for television screens and visual display units. Although strontium-90 is a dangerously radioactive isotope, it is a useful by-product of nuclear reactors from whose spent fuel is extracted. Its high-energy radiation can be used to generate an electric current, and for this reason it can be used in space vehicles, remote weather stations and navigation buoys. Strontium is always present in air as dust, up to a certain level. Strontium concentrations in air are increased by human activities, such as coal and oil combustion. Dust particles that contain strontium will settle to surface water, soils or plant surfaces at some point. When the particles do not settle they will fall back onto earth when rain or snow falls. All strontium will eventually end up in soils or bottoms of surface waters, where they mix with strontium that is already present.Strontium concentrations in soil may also be increased by human activities, such as the disposal of coal ash and incinerator ash, and industrial wastes. Strontium in soil dissolves in water, so that it is likely to move deeper into the ground and enter the groundwater. A part of the strontium that is introduced by humans will not move into groundwater and can stay within the soil for decades. Due to the nature of strontium, some of it can end up in fish, vegetables, livestock and other animals. One of the isotopes of strontium is radioactive. This isotope is not likely to occur naturally in the environment. However it still ends up in the environment as a result of human activities, such as nuclear bomb testing and radioactive storage leaking.
The only way to decrease concentrations of this isotope is through radioactive decay which would therefore stabilize the isotope. Strontium is also a very small key player in the toothpaste industry. It serves as an ingredient in the toothpaste of Sensodyne, which is used to help those that suffer from sensitive teeth. Besides being used in all these industries, Strontium is also used to refine Zinc and make it free from impurities and other extra stuff. It helps to reduce the impurities that are present from Lead. Lead is such an element that it contains many different elements inside of it, such as Zinc, Bismuth, Antimony, etc. Strontium helps to isolate these elements and make them appear in the pure form. Strontium was also used to create one of the world's first atomic clock. Atomic clocks help keep accurate time, and they are used all over the world in many different fields. It is amazing to see how a small invention can change the world. In conclusion, Strontium is a very fascinating element that has many functions and it also serves many roles in a variety of
industries.
The Nuclear Metals Incorporation or the Starmet Corporation is located on a 2229 Main Street in Concord, Massachusetts. The site produced depleted uranium products for armor piercing ammunition. They also created metal powders for medical applications, photocopiers, and specialty metal products, such as beryllium tubing for aerospace needs. From1958 to 1985, the holding basin that contained all the industries waste such as depleted uranium and copper was unlined, which caused issues.
Holmium is a chemical element and is the sixty seventh element on the periodic table. It is located in Period six and it is a member of the lanthanide group. It was discovered in 1879 by a Swedish chemist named Per Theodor Cleve. Like Carl Gustaf Monsander who discovered the elements lanthanum, erbium and terbium Theodor also used similar strategy's to find contaminants in the oxides of uncommon earth elements. He first looked at the oxide of erbium and was able to split it into two types of materials one being brown and the other green. This in turn caused Theodor to find the oxide of holmium (it was the brown material which is known as holmia) and this was how the element holmium was discovered.
Elements are the basic building blocks of matter due to the fact that they are chemically the simplest substances. Whether we can find them in the air or in our gold/silver necklaces, elements are everywhere! One essential element is hydrogen, the first element on the period table (located under Group 1 as an alkaline metal) is composed of a single proton and electron; therefore having an atomic number and atomic mass of 1 and electron configuration of 1s1. In fact, hydrogen is the lightest, simplest and most commonly found chemical element in the universe (it makes up about 90% of the universe by weight). Interestingly enough, the heavier elements on the periodic table were either made from hydrogen or other elements that were made from hydrogen. The most common isotope formed of hydrogen is protium, with 1 proton and no neutrons. Hydrogen can also exist as both positively or negatively charged. The physical form of hydrogen at room temperature is a colorless and odorless gas. Hydrogen gas is extremely flammable and because of this chemical property, it is used as fuel for the main engine of space shuttles. Hydrogen is an important element and has received a lot of recognition throughout history for its usefulness.
The first modern periodic table wasn’t published until the middle of the twentieth century. Dr. Glenn Seaborg discovered plutonium in 1940 - this lead to the detection of all of the transuranic elements from 94 to 102. Because of his work, Dr....
Sulfur-35 is a radioactive isotope, used commercially to make rubber and gunpowder. It is an essential and vital nutrient for crops, animals, and people. It is in breast milk and can also be used as a fertilizer. Sulfur is in our food and we are exposed to it in our diet.
Thallium was discovered by Sir William Crookes in 1861, in London. In 1850 Crookes had been given a deposit containing selenium from a sulfuric acid factory in Tilkerode. Crookes extracted the selenium and was left with residues which appeared to contain tellurium. Crookes named thallium after the Greek word ‘thallos’ which means a green shoot or twig, in reference to the unique green spectral line which identifies the element in its emission spectra.
This element was discovered by the Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymus Theodor Richter in 1863. These two scientists were looking for traces of Thallium in zinc ore samples. An indigo line in the samples spectrum was found, and no element known had this colour in them it revealed the existence of a new element which was called Indium due to the bright coloured line in its spectrum.
In 1817, an aging Swedish chemist was pouring over his work on a late afternoon in Stockholm, Sweden. He was analyzing a strange ore named Petalite that had been procured from an island off the coast of Sweden called Utö. The ore Petalite (which is now recognized to be LiAl(Si2O5)2) had been discovered by a Brazilian scientist, José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva towards the end of the 18th century on a visit to Sweden. This Swedish scientist, Johann August Arfvedson, detected traces of an unknown substance in his sample of Petalite. This was the first discovery of Lithium.
Uranium has multiple isotopes, the most common isotope is uranium-238, and with uranium-235 being the most popular, but less abundant. Surprisingly, uranium is not necessary for the sustainability of life, and is not chemically toxic (Cox, ...
It was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in England, in 1807. Sir Davy was able to isolate potassium using electrolysis. Potassium was the first metal isolated by this procedure. Today, it is still not found free in nature. It is obtained by electrolysis of chloride or hydroxide.
Uranium was discovered by Martin Heinrich Klaproth, a German chemist, in the mineral pitchblende (primarily a mix of uranium oxides) in 1789.Klaproth, as well as the rest of the scientific community, believed that the substance he extracted from pitchblende was pure uranium, it was actually uranium dioxide (UO2). After noticing that 'pure' uranium reacted oddly with uranium tetrachloride (UCl4), Radioactivity was first discovered in 1896 when Antoine Henri Becquerel, a French physicist, detected it from a sample of uranium. Today, uranium is obtained from uranium ores such as pitchblende, uraninite , carnotite and autunite as well as from phosphate rock , lignite (brown coal) and monazite sand . Since there is little demand for uranium metal, uranium is usually sold in the form of sodium diuranate , also known as yellow cake, or triuranium octoxide).
Radium is the 88th element on the periodic table, its family group is Alkaline Earth Metal. Radium is a chemical element with symbol Ra. Pure radium metal is bright white when freshly prepared, but blackens once it is exposure to air. Radium has been used to produce neutron sources, luminous paints, and medical radioisotopes. Marie Curie is known to be the mother of science, due to Marie several discoveries, Mrs. Curie made up most of the Earth metals in the periodic table. Marie discovered Radium and other key elements, which help us in our daily lives, especially taking x-rays. Marie was also the first person honored with two Nobel Prizes in both physics and chemistry.
Stoichiometry is very used in our daily life, for example cooking. Just imagine that you really want cookies, but you are almost out of sugar, this is where stoichiometry pops in, you have to figure out how much of the other ingredients you will need compared to the amount of sugar that you have.
Gallium is a chemical element in group 13 of the periodic table and atomic number 31. gallium does not occur in nature as free, but as gallium (III) compounds in trace amounts in bauxite and zinc ores.
DISCOVERY : Titanium was first discovered in black sand known as “ILMENITE” , a mixture of titanium oxides and iron oxides by “ WILLIAM GREGOR”, the pastor of mannacan of parish in the year 1791 at England, and named his new metal as “MANACCANITE”, after his discovery a German chemist “MARTIN KLAPROTH” named it as “TITANIUM” after the TITANS, greek’s mythological beings of the earth and the name was preferred by other chemists but they believed Gregor as the original discoverer.Till 1910 pure titanium is not isolated and it was done by “ Mathew Hunter” after 119 years of its discovery.