The emission spectrum of an element is the spectrum of frequencies in electromagnetic radiation emitted due to a specific atom's electrons, creating a transition from a high energy to a low energy state. There are many possible electron transitions for each different atom in which the transition has a specific energy difference. The collection of different transitions leads to different radiated wavelengths and in turn makes up an emission spectrum. Each element's emission spectrum is unique and completely different form other elements on the periodic table. In order to reiterate this statement elements; thallium, neon and iodine will be compared and explained.
Thallium
Thallium was discovered by Sir William Crookes in 1861, in London. In 1850 Crookes had been given a deposit containing selenium from a sulfuric acid factory in Tilkerode. Crookes extracted the selenium and was left with residues which appeared to contain tellurium. Crookes named thallium after the Greek word ‘thallos’ which means a green shoot or twig, in reference to the unique green spectral line which identifies the element in its emission spectra. Thallium possesses properties such as; soft, malleable, and low-melting. It is a silvery metal that releases a bluish oxide once it is heated into the air. Its appearance is often misconstrued for lead. Thallium can easily be cut using every day utensils (such as a knife) because of its malleability. Once thallium is presented in water, poisonous thallium hydroxide or TIOH is created. The metal slowly dissolves in hydrochloric acid, becomes diluted in sulfuric acid and rapidly dissolves in nitric acid. The colorless and odorless thallium sulfate is used in rat poisoning and as an insecticide. This use of tha...
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...sed using a spectroscope. Neon is often used in signs because of its production of an unmistakable bright reddish-orange light. Although still referred to as "neon", other colors are generated with the variety of noble gases and by various colors of fluorescent lighting. Neon is also used in vacuum tubes, high-voltage indicators, lightning arrestors, wave meter tubes, television tubes, and helium neon lasers. When Neon is liquefied it is commercially used as a cryogenic refrigerant and the lower temperature range becomes more attainable with more the extreme liquid helium refrigeration. Neon both as a gas and a liquid are relatively expensive for example; the price of liquid neon even in small quantities can be more than 55 times that of liquid helium. The reason for neon's expense is because of neon’s rarity which unlike helium, can only be obtained from the air.
Absorbance was defined as: log I_o/I where I_o is incident light and I is the transmitted light. Fluorescence emission spectrum is different from fluorescence excitation spectrum because it records different wavelengths of chemical s...
The primary goal of this laboratory project was to identify an unknown compound and determine its chemical and physical properties. First the appearance, odor, solubility, and conductivity of the compound were observed and measured so that they could be compared to those of known compounds. Then the cation present in the compound was identified using the flame test. The identity of the anion present in the compound was deduced through a series of chemical tests (Cooper, 2009).
A spectrum is a group of light wavelengths that are ordered in relation to their wavelength length. The electromagnetic spectrum consists radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma rays. (1)Specifically, this lab looks at the visible light part of the spectrum because one of the colors in the visible light spectrum is shine through the sample. The visible light spectrum consists of colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. The color chosen to be shine through the sample is affected by the color of sample when mixed with the indicator Ammonium Vanadomolybdate (AMV). The color on the color wheel that is opposite of the solution’s color is the color that is shined through the
Lanthanum oxide and other rare earth oxides are used in making of the optical glasses, in the preparation of glass fibers for optical purposes, in gasoline-cracking catalysts, polishing compounds, carbon arcs, and in the iron and steel industries to remove sulfur, carbon, and other electronegative elements from iron and steel (Ganjali et al. 2006). Lanthanum ions accelerate hydrolysis of phosphate ester binding by 13 orders of magnitude. This suggests that phosphate di ester in DNA may also suffer such destruction. Thus, lanthanum should be situated among the class of highly toxic metal ions that are potentially effective against micro and higher organisms. Lanthanum chloride manifests as antitumor. Genotoxicity of lanthanum (III) in human peripheral blood lymphocytes has also been reported. Lanthanum chloride caused changes in lipid peroxidation, the redox system, and ATPase activities in plasma membranes of rice seeding roots (Haiduc and Silvestru 1990; Yongxing, Xiaorong, and Zichun 2000).
The periodic table contains many different kinds of elements which are placed accordingly on the table. Potassium is in the alkali metals which is placed in group 1 of the table, alkali metals are among the most active metals. This element was found in 1801 by a man named Humphry Davy. Although the element does not have many uses in pure form as a compound it has many important purposes. Potassium is naturally in the human body if levels become too low or too high then it could cause problems for the individual. Low levels of potassium could cause muscle problems such as cramping and the muscle feeling weak, the person could have a hard time walking or holding onto objects. A serious concern would be the effects on the heart as it causes blood pressure to increase and abnormal heart rhythms.
The Beryllium element, an alkaline earth metal which belongs to group II of the periodic table, was first discovered in 1798 by L.M. Vauquelin. Vauquelin,a French chemist, was doing work with aluminum and noticed a white powder that was nothing like that of aluminum or any of its derivatives. Vauquelin named this mystery powder, gluinium because of its sweet taste was like that of glucose. In 1828, Wohler, a German metallurgist reduced it to its metallic form and renamed it beryllium.(figure 2)
Electromagnetic spectrum is a list of the most possible range of electromagnetic radiation around us. their many different electromagnetic radiation in the world. for example we got radio radiation, sun 's radiation , microwaves radiation, etc. many of ths radiation have different level of wavelength, energy, frequency, and also different classes. the way the electromagnetic spectrum works is by wavelength. the bigger the wave length the smaller power it have. the small wavelength is the most power it have. for example a radio tower, it haves a wavelength of the size of a football field. that wave meter is 105 and it frequency is 104. this is one of the longest wavelength in the electromagnetic. in the other hand Gamma Ray is one of the shortest wavelength in the electromagnetic but it hav...
It was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in England, in 1807. Sir Davy was able to isolate potassium using electrolysis. Potassium was the first metal isolated by this procedure. Today, it is still not found free in nature. It is obtained by electrolysis of chloride or hydroxide.
Alpha radiation/emission - Alpha particles are the nuclei of a Helium atom 42He. Consisting of two protons and two neutrons, positively charged.
Sodium was founded in 1807 by an English Chemist named Sir Humphrey Davy (Bentor). It was found through the electrolysis of caustic soda (The Element). This means that he found a way to extract sodium from compounds (Newton). First Sir Humphrey Davy would extract a number of active elements and then pa...
Each scientist or team of scientists had so much trouble reducing the Lithium compounds because Lithium does not exist in its elemental form in nature. It combines very easily with other elements. Lithium is a soft silvery-white lustrous metal, which can be easily cut with a knife, and it is the lightest of all known metals. It is highly reactive with water and air, and tarnishes readily when exposed to the latter due to a formation of a layer of Lithium suboxide on its surface. Because of its high rate of reaction to air, it must be stored under liquid paraffin, oil, or kerosene, which contain no air, to prevent oxidation. Lithium is detected in its compounds by the characteristic red coloration that it imparts to flames when burned, as Gmelin detected, and by spectroscopic methods.
Beryllium is a naturally occurring element, it’s found in rocks and soil, especially in beryl and bertrandite rock. It was discovered by a chemist named Vaquelin in 1798. It is the fourth element of the periodic table. The purified beryllium is a grey, extremely lightweight and hard metal, it is a good conductor of electricity and heat, and is non-magnetic. (Studios, 2017) [7] Beryllium is used in high-technology products, such as aerospace components, transistors, nuclear reactors, and golf clubs. ("Beryllium health and environment", 2017) [1] Emerald is an exquisite form of beryllium mineral having traces of chromium that add a green hue to the stone. ("Beryllium", 2017) [2]
Individual atoms can emit and absorb radiation only at particular wavelengths equal to the changes between the energy levels in the atom. The spectrum of a given atom therefore consists of a series of emission or absorption lines. Inner atomic electrons g... ... middle of paper ... ... a sensitive multielement inorganic analyses.
Included in the electromagnetic spectrum are light waves, television waves, and microwaves. Visible light is also a smaller part of the electromagnetic spectrum, but it has its own visible-light spectrum. All the electromagnetic energy frequencies that humans can see are defined as visible light. It is created by electrons that have lost energy inside the atom. The energy given off by those electrons then becomes light photons (Congdon, Donald, 306;310). The lower the wavelength/frequency/energy of electromagnetic radiation, the darker red it will be in the visible spectrum, whereas the higher the wavelength/frequency/energy, the more indigo colored it will be (The Electromagnetic Spectrum). The visible spectrum is the part of
"A periodic table is an arrangement of elements in which the elements are separated into groups based on a set of repeating properties." Basically it shows us all known elements in the world. For one to read the periodic table he should beware that the atomic number comes first in the square , and referring to the atomic number its the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom. Following the atomic number is the symbol, which is usually the abbreviation of the element's name. For example Carbon is referred to as " C". Then, the element’s name is shown right after the symbol. Lastly, there's the mass number, which is the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. So simply for us to find the number of protons we automatically