The Periodic Table: The Elements Of The Periodic Table

"A periodic table is an arrangement of elements in which the elements are separated into groups based on a set of repeating properties." Basically it shows us all known elements in the world. For one to read the periodic table he should beware that the atomic number comes first in the square , and referring to the atomic number its the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom. Following the atomic number is the symbol, which is usually the abbreviation of the element's name. For example Carbon is referred to as " C". Then, the element’s name is shown right after the symbol. Lastly, there's the mass number, which is the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. So simply for us to find the number of protons we automatically

As for the valence electrons, they are simply electrons that are shared when atoms bond together. Moreover, you can find the number of valence electrons an element has just by looking at the periodic tables. The number of valence electrons is the same as the atom's group number which can be found by looking at its column. For example, carbon is in group 4; therefore, it has 4 valence electrons. The elements of the periodic table can be divided into three categories; metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. The periodic table is mostly elements that are metals which are good conductors of heat, however nonmetals are not good conductors of heat, and metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals. The elements in the periodic table are divided into groups. Group 1 are the "Alkali Metals" and they're the first column in the periodic table however, excluding Hydrogen. The Alkali metals are so soft and very reactive metals. In addition, Group 2 the " Alkaline Earth metals " are listed in the second column of the periodic

Metalloids on the other hand have properties of both nonmetals and metals and they are found between the border that differentiates metals and nonmetals. Then, we have the nonmetals, Halogens and The Noble gases. Moreover, The halogens are group 17 and all halogens have 7 electrons in the outer energy shell so they become very very active because they really want to gain an electron to have a full outer shell. Finally, we have the Noble gases which are found in group 18. They are simply non-reactive because they all have 8 electrons in their outer shell making them full energy levels. Finally, the periodic table also tells us the ionic charge or the common charge of an atom. One needs to memorize that for group 1 in the periodic table it has a +1 charge and group 2 has a +2 charge then skipping to group 13 you also add a plus 3 charge; however, group 14 has a plus or minus 4 ionic charge. Then, you start using the (-) sign after group 14. So for group 15 it’s gonna be a -3 charge and so on and so forth, until you end up with 0 in group 18 as the Noble Gases do not have any charge. As for the transition metals they sort of have more than one ionic