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2 primary and 2 secondary effects of a volcanic eruption
Geology chapter volcanos
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Pompeii
Many people in Pompeii managed to escape while others did not escape before the eruption happened. A volcano named Mt.Vesuvius erupted in the city of Pompeii located in Naples,Italy. It was a non-active volcano that suddenly became active years later and erupted. Some of the pompeians escaped while others did not. About 20,000 people lived in Pompeii when the eruption happened. The eruption wiped out the whole city, leaving 15-30 feet of ash behind killing about 2,000 people who did not escape.(39 )
There was an earthquake before the eruption, that is what set off the volcano. The volcano erupted because there was high density in the earth, the higher density there is, the more likely a volcano is to erupt. When the volcano erupted,
The private and public leisure activities of Pompeii and Herculaneum were largely abundant. Many activities could be participated in and were used often. These include Drama performances, gladiatorial games, drinking, gambling, brothels, exercise, gardens, baths and food and dining. All these were an important part of Pompeian and Herculaneum life. They were seen as important to keep the body and mind healthy in most cases. Though some opposed some of the activities like brothels, gambling and drinking. But all give a important look into the life of those in Pompeii and Herculaneum before the catastrophic eruption of Vesuvius which completely destroyed both towns and all its inhabitants.
On May 18th, 1980, one of the most prominent volcanic eruptions in US History took place in the state of Washington. Mount St. Helens had been dormant for almost 100 years before March 15th. On this day, two months before the eruption several small earthquakes shook the earth. This indicated a magma buildup below the surface, and the first minor event that would lead to one of the greatest eruptions the US has ever known. Following the first set of earthquakes, “Steam explosions blasted a 60- to 75-m (200- to 250-ft) wide crater through the volcano 's summit ice cap and covered the snow-clad southeast sector with dark ash. Within a week the crater had grown to about 400 m (1,300 ft) in diameter and two giant crack systems crossed the entire summit area. Eruptions occurred on average from
Pompeii is possibly the best-documented catastrophe in Antiquity. Because of it, we know now how the Pompeians lived because they left behind an extensive legacy of art, including monuments, sculptures and paintings. Pompeii lay on a plateau of ancient lava near the Bay of Naples in western Italy in a region called Campania, less than 1.6 kilometers from the foot of Mount Vesuvius. With the coast to the west and the Apennine Mountains to the East, Campania is a fertile plain, traversed by two major rivers and rich soil. However, in the early days, it was not a remarkable city. Scholars have not been able to identify Pompeii’s original inhabitants. The first people to settle in this region were probably prehistoric hunters and fishers. By at least the eight century B.C., a group of Italic people known as the Oscans occupied the region; they most likely established Pompeii, although the exact date of its origin is unknown. “The root of the word Pompeii would appear to be the Oscan word for the number five, pompe, which suggests that either the community consisted of five hamlets or, perhaps, was settled by a family group (gens Pompeia)”(Kraus 7). In the course of the eight century B.C., Greek and Etruscan colonization stimulated the development of Pompeii as a city around the area of the Forum. A point for important trade routes, it became a place for trading towards the inland. Up until the middle of the 5th century B.C., the city was dominated politically by the Etruscans.
Pompeii was a Roman city in Italy located 14 miles from Naples, and next to an active volcano named Mt. Vesuvius. In 79 A.D. the volcano erupted. The eruption had many stages. The first stage of the eruption was the tremors that happened the days before the eruption. The second stage of the eruption was a series of small eruptions from Mt. Vesuvius. The third stage was the very large eruption from Mt. Vesuvius. After the third stage the sun was clouded out with ash from the volcano. Lastly, the streets flooded with ash. The ash that flooded the streets perfectly preserved the city. When a surveying engineer discovered the city in 1748, the city was excavated from the ash and to the people's surprise, nearly everything was perfectly preserved, like a snapshot of history. Under the ash, the researchers found preserved remains of the people that lived there, bread still in ovens,
Pompeii was destroyed in 79 A. D. When the eruption of Mount Vesuvius started, 1.5 million tons of ash rock shot out Mount Vesuvius every second. After the eruption was over, Pompeii was buried in volcanic ash. Pompeii was just recovering from an earthquake in 62 A. D. The people in Pompeii were not ready for both events. Sixteen thousand people died when Mount Vesuvius’ eruption was over. (“Ancient Rome for Kids: The City of Pompeii;” Bagley).
Over 71,000 people were killed. Approximately 12,000 deaths resulted directly from the explosion. The other deaths resulted from contamination of the water by volcanic ash and sulfur. Many described this as a dry haze. Even rain and snow couldn’t get rid of the haze. So much sulfur and ash were spewed into the atmosphere that global temperatures were lowered by approximately 0.5 degrees Celsius. This drop in temperature caused the year 1816 to be called the “year without a summer.”
Pompeii is an ancient town located in Italy, and due to the large scale eruption of the volcano Vesuvius, many of its structures have been preserved, allowing people to have a glimpse of what life during these ancient times might have been like . There is much speculation as to how the town obtained its name, however the general belief was that it was so named by the legendary hero “ Hercules” and was mainly under Roman rule . It has been seen tat not only did they put Hercules in high regard as the founder, but the people of Pompeii also worshipped gods such as Apollo, Bacchus and Venus . City life in Pompeii was socially divided, as many citizens were homeless and those who were considered as wealthy lived in beautifully constructed homes
This was what made the final blow on the city. The building stood no chance against the hurricane after the earthquake and the lava passing through. The city was covered in rock and was on fire… the cloud of ash was over 30 km high at the peak of the eruption. It was raining so much ash that it looked like snow. To this day only about 10 % of the people who lived in Pompeii have been excavated and about one third of the people of Herculaneum. There is no exact count on how many lives were lost during the eruption of 79 AD but some say about 90% of the people who lived in Pompeii were killed and that only a lucky 10 % survived but probably died soon afterward. I'm not sure why i chose this disaster exactly but i guess i've heard of the eruption of Pompeii before and therefore i thought that it would be fun to finally find out what the big deal of Pompeii was. This was not the last eruption of Mount Vesuvius though, the latest eruption Vesuvius had was in 1944 and was not as devastating as the eruption in 79 AD. In conclusion Vesuvius was and still is one of the most if not the most dangerous volcano on this planet and is still active, so now all we have to do is wait for the next
BOOM!, BOOM!, BOOM!, explosions, ash, carbon dioxide and, magma going everywhere burning buildings and people, starting to kill people every second. This can only mean one thing the volcano is erupting and a bad one, this volcano is called Mount Vesuvius this eruption covered Pompeii with layers of ash and hardened magma until Pompeii was rediscovered as the result of intentional excavations in 1748 by the Spanish military engineer Rocque Joaquin de Alcubierre. There is a fiction and nonfiction version of the story of pompeii one story is by Louis Untermeyer The Dog of Pompeii is fiction and one other story by Robert Silverberg called Pompeii which is nonfiction.
Since it was freed from its ash coffin, Pompeii has not fared well. The millions of yearly visitors, who flock to the site to see firsthand the living legend that is Pompeii, are causing erosion in a way that was not anticipated. The balance that had kept the city protected for so long has been disturbed, and it is now a victim of an unacceptable degree of damages.
So what events led up to this violent eruption? A scientist used qualitative and quantitative data to reconstruct a timeline. Three years prior to the April 1815 years the volcano began to rumble and generate a dark cloud around the summit. Then in the early evening of April 5th 1815 there was a moderate-sized eruption. The detonations sounded like the discharge of cannons and could be heard as far away as Ternate, 1400km away (Stothers, 1984). A man by the name of Sir Stamford Raffles heard these sounds wrote:
Due to the lack of evidence and knowledge, the people of Pompeii were shocked to have the mountain disrupt a typical day of their simple lives. Several authors say that the inhabitants of Pompeii were attending a performance in the amphitheater at the time of the tragedy. They were completely taken by surprise by the disaster and did not know what they were up against. Farmers from surrounding areas rushed towards death thinking the city’s strong walls could provide the necessary refuge. Some tried to open up different routes in the lava using axes, and others waited and faced the end which they believed to be inevitable. Most skeletons found portray despair and panic and the ...
About 20,000 people killed. Meters thick ash covered the city. If people weren’t killed by the ash there lungs filled with toxic gasses. The people of Pompeii would’ve been suffocated or burned to death. As the city was being covered with ash and
Some people say that if the volcano of Pompeii had not erupted than people would be able to know more about Pompeii. I do think that it is true because if it had not erupted the town would not have completely transformed from all of the damages. Another, reason is because the town was buried in lava and things that had come out from the volcano. In the story it said that after all of the damage had been done if anybody came back to see the town it would have completely transformed and nothing would even look the same. The text states, “ In the days that followed, residents who returned hoping to find their city would have been lost in an unfamiliar.” What the author meant to say by this is that if the volcano had not erupted and completely