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Discovery of DNA molecules
Discovery of DNA molecules
Essay of DNA discovery
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The premise of this paper is to detail the contribution of a famous scientist and their work, as well as discuss the modern day implication of the scientist’s contribution on society. Ideally this paper would be a biographical analysis of a single person but due to my background and major I have instead chosen to write about two people that worked as a group to revolutionize biological sciences. The scientific pair of Francis Crick and James Watson worked together to research and published an article about the structure of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) that had countless short term and long term consequences that changed the scientific as well as medical fields and lead to many advancements that have drastically effected modern life. To reflect exactly how important the discovery was, Watson and Crick shared the Noble Prize for Physiology in 1962.
Born on June 8 in the year 1916, Francis Crick was a British biophysicist that started from humble roots in a small town. He was an exemplary student from his youth when he received a scholarship to study mathematics and physics. Crick was initially more inclined towards studying Physics and received his Bachelors Degree from the University College of London in Physics. He later became a candidate for a
Ph.D. in Physics from Gonville and Caius College. During this time, he also worked at a biology lab along with conducting his own experiments for his research for his
Ph.D. in physics.
One of the biggest transitions in Crick’s life came during World War II. Since he was in London at the time, which was the heart of the conflict, his lab at which he had been conducting Physics research for his Ph.D. was destroyed due to a bomb.
This lead him to work for the Military during World War II, he c...
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...k at a Breast Cancer Research Lab where my daily work involves experimentation with cells that have been altered genetically, or experimentally inserting a piece of DNA that has been synthesized externally to combat a certain characteristic of the cell.
In conclusion, without the knowledge of the structure of DNA it would have been impossible to make the discoveries that have been made today and to achieve the feats that people have achieved with the use of DNA. The discovery of the structure of DNA was the first step in a series of discoveries that lead to the transformation that modern biological science has gone through. Although Watson and Crick’s discovery was merely a part of a larger puzzle, its importance can not be reduced because of the benefits that have come out of the field which would not have been possible without the knowledge of the structure of DNA.
Attending Purdue allow him to get higher education, something that most African American did not have. He attended it at a very young age which is even more impressive. His mind for engineering and math grew was developed even more. I learned from this that when you followed your passion, it could take you anywhere. If he did not get higher education, he would not have been such a genius and he would not have his dream job. The most impressive thing about Crosthwait to me is how hardworking he is. He was so hardworking that he got a grant for college at around 11 and the graduate at 15 instead of dropping out. He has inspired me to hard work and follow my passion, to set an impossible goal and then achieve
degree in 1978. He taught at the University of Calgary from 1978 to 1983. But he hated
lived on a farm near Marienthal, Kansas, growing up. He had the opportunity to learn a plethora of valuable
He got a degree in electrical engineering from the Univeristy of Michigan and his MBA from the Haas School of Business at Berkely. After graduating from Haas in 1992, he worked at Knowledge Revolution which provided physics-learning software to high schools and colleges. He started to have a thought of starting
He went to New York’s Cornell University home of the Big Red. He was Carl Sagan’s student. He graduated in 1977 from Cornell. The other schools he went to was Lafayette Elementary, Sidwell Friends School, and Alice Deal Junior High Vikings. He then moved to Seattle, Washington. There he worked as a mechanical engineer for a company called the Boeing Aircraft Company. The next job he ha...
After being educated at Trinity College Dublin he moved to Queens University in Dublin where he worked as the Secretary of the Administrative Headquarters of the Queens Colleges. It was then when he produced his most important conceptions and calculations. His particular theory was that electrical charges in atoms are comprised of negatives which he would call electrons. He calculated the magnitude of a particle of electricity, or Stoney Unit which he would later name the electron in one of his papers in the Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society in 1891. The path taken to get to Stoney Units utilized the Stoney Scale which was the mathematical equation he developed to get his desired answer when
July 9th, 1856 (famousscientists.org). He earned degrees in law and started to practice as an ecclesiastical lawyer. After obtaining his formal degrees, he took private lessons in mathematics and sciences, including chemistry. He later became the professor of mathematic physics at the University of Turin. Unfortunately, that time for him was shortcoming because of political mayhem. He lost his job in 1823. He then was reappointed to his post and retired in 1850, at the age of 74.
In high school Edwin was a great student, but he was better known for sports where he was an Illinois state record holder in the high jump. He also played basketball and at first in his life he wanted to play sports. As he got older he realized that his true passion was in the sky. He strived in math and science class all throughout his studies. His senior year he decided that he was going to attend the University of Chicago.
Goddard enrolled at Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) in 1904 and quickly impressed A. Wilmer Duff, the head of the physics department. Professor Duff took him on as a laboratory assistant as he tutored him. At Worcester, Goddard joined the SAEF (Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity), and began a long relationship with high school classmate Miriam Olmstead, an honor student who had graduated with Goddard as salutatorian, the second highest graduate of the entire graduati...
Frederick Sanger, was a British biochemist, born in Rendcombe, England, on August 13, 1918. His contributions to science and the world of biochemistry were groundbreaking and revolutionary, and set the foundation for modern biology. Because of this he was given many prestigious awards, including two nobel prizes (one of only four to achieve such a milestone). But before doing all this, he was just the son of a medical practitioner, Frederick Sanger Sr., M.D., and Cicely Sanger. His family was relatively wealthy and practiced a Quaker faith, which made him a peaceful, imaginative, modest man. He expressed his peaceful nature throughout his life, by strongly objecting World War II, and having a peaceful personality in general. Being born to a
After graduation, he worked as a teacher at Berkeley for only a year. In 1942, he received citizenship for the United States since he was originally born in Canada. Throughout his career, he has worked as a professor in various universities. He taught at places such as Cornell University, University of Chicago, and Stanford University. Two times he was the chairman of the Chemistry Department in 1972 to 1974 and 1978 to 1979. He was also in the National Defense Research Committee while World War II was taking place.
Simply put, DNA contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, survive, and reproduce. The discovery and use of DNA has seen many changes and made great progress over many years. James Watson was a pioneer molecular biologist who is credited, along with Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins, with discovering the double helix structure of the DNA molecule. The three won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1962 for their work (Bagley, 2013). Scientists use the term “double helix” to describe DNA’s winding, two-stranded chemical structure.
For example such as medicine, it can be sometime possible to reading DNA sequences and find out how some diseases occur. It can sometimes be possible to fight some infectious diseases or any form of disease by changing the DNA codons which cause most of these problems.
Jeff attended Miami Palmetto high school and was valedictorian of his class. He went to Princeton and planned to study physics. He believed, however, that other physics students were much smarter than him. Therefore, he studied electrical engineering and computer science. He graduated summa cum laude in 1986 with a GPA of 4.3 on a 4.0 scale.
The Double Helix tells a tale of fierce competition, perseverance, and scientific innovation as we follow James Watson and his cohort Francis Crick on their quest to discover the secret to life, the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid. Although already fascinated with DNA, Watson struggled with finding chemistry exciting enough to learn it in depth. He had studied birds in college and thereby managed to avoid any formal chemistry or physics courses. As he later pursued a PhD in biochemistry, he realized he could put it off no longer and attempted to learn organic chemistry at Indiana University. However, after a mishap in the lab, he was encouraged instead to study nucleic acid chemistry with Herman Kalckar in Copenhagen. There, his mind strayed from his work and he began doing unauthorized research in the lab of Ole Maaløe, studying phages. Herman stopped teaching Watson after going through a divorce with his wife, and sent Watson off to a scientific conference in Naples. Although he was bored by many of the lectures, Maurice Wilkins’s talk about X-ray diffraction fascinated Watson. He was struck by an X-ray diffraction picture of DNA that Maurice presented and was determined to study the acid. He later got to know more about Maurice’s colleague, Rosalind Franklin, who was proud, stubborn, and very difficult to work with. Watson greatly admired the lecture given by the renowned Linus Pauling, who had discovered the structure of the alpha-helix and was thought of as the leader in DNA research in the scientific world.