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Language Arts 802: Development And Usage Of English Quiz 1: History Of The English Language
The Rise of English
Language arts 802 quiz 1: history of the english language
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English developed thorough the time since it founded first by Germanic tribes. The English developed through three periods, which knows as, Old English or Anlgo – Saxon, Middle English and Modern English. The Modern English was the basic development at the language in Europe. Few reasons cause the language to be wildly developed, such as the shift in vowels pronunciation, the connection between the British and the outside world and printing invention. According to Linda C. Mitchell, grammar books during Seventeenth century, was including lexicons, and almost no dictionaries. This essay will be about the Systemization of English. Samuel Johanson wrote the most important and famous book since 1755 "Dictionary of the English Language". This Dictionary was the concrete base of the standards lexicons. Moreover, it noticeable the move in Johanson's Dictionary importance came from the large amount of the words that included and defined. In addition, he included a huge citation from different fields to show more explanations. In that period, the dictionaries considered as the first reference to translate other languages. For a long time grammarians were the chiefly answerable about anything relating to English. Lexicographers in Eighteenth century, according to L.C. Mitchell, adapted some methods used by grammarians in their books. Those methods, such words showed with pictures refer to it and words included in sentences. These methods were faced with successful and been liked by all users. Linda explained the lexicons methods from four perspectives. First, visual learning of language, this scheme of learning involve in expressing the word with a picture to make it easy to understand and memorized. It was effective technique of teaching the other languages or these days, almost all children schools
He describes language change is quite small even though in our lifetime we can not notice it. However, we can find out the huge language changing, what we mean is that the sentence morphed, generation after generation (18). He expresses, because of the continual changing bit by bit, such as Latin to French, a whole new language was born in the world. He uses five faces to describe the processes of language change: “Sound change: Defining Deviance Downward,” “Extension: Grammar Gets a Virus,” “The Expressiveness Cycle: The Bass from Hell,” “Rebracketing: The Story of Gladly, the Cross-Eyed Bear,” and “Semantic Change: Making Love to Ginger Rogers (18-31).” He gives several cases about languages change. For instance, the author uses the change of the word “husbandry”, from Shakespeare’s basic meaning, “manager of the house,” to the modern meaning in other languages, “thrift” (39). At last of the first chapter, McWhorter says that we cannot know what the first language was, but we know that one must have been
Diction is understood as the style the writer uses for their choice of words. In order for the diction to be well understood
Ed. Arthur M. Eastman, et al. New York: Norton 2000. 801-805 Houghton Mifflin, publisher. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition.
Aristotle was the first to coin the term "diction" in his analysis of the making of art and other things in Poetics. Diction, Aristotle claimed (only I think he made this claim in Greek), clarifies language and alludes to a source of interest in a speaker's tone of voice. My mother's source of interest was, um, well . . . me. She wanted to make sure that I knew exactly where she was coming from and exactly what I was supposed to do about it.
As we mentioned above, one of influences that has made changes in English language over time is foreign
In Johnson’s preface to A Dictionary of the English Language, Johnson argues the importance of preserving language. Other dialects had a produced their own dictionaries, such as the French and Italians. Various writers of the eighteenth century were alarmed at the fact that there was no standard for the English language, since there was no standard it could easily become extinct. Johnson explored many points, such as how and why languages change as well as how many words are formed.
Works Cited Curzan, Anne and Adams, Michael. How English Works: A Linguistic Introduction. New York: Pearson Longman, 2006. Crystal, David. The English Language: A Guided Tour of the Language.
Despite Caxton’s difficulties in orthography and lack of authoritative guidance on the English grammars, he still managed to translate French works into According to The British Library Board (2015), Cawdrey’s dictionary contained approximately 3000 words, accompanied with a simple and brief description of each word. According to Mastin (2011) and The British Library Board (2015), Cawdrey’s use of words were thought of as ‘hard words’ (words unfamiliar to the public) because they were borrowed from the Hebrew, Latin, French and Greek languages. The word definitions in which Cawdrey used were uncomplicated and simple. What set apart Cawdrey was that, unlike future dictionary creators, he did not refer to the great writers of the day or origins of words.
The English language has been in constant transition throughout its history, but the most significant transformation in modern English can be credited to William Shakespeare. With Shakespeare’s invention of commonly used expressions, his creation of new words, and his use of iambic pentameter, he was able to affect the language in a way that no person since has. Shakespeare’s influence on modern English is not only visible in everyday speech, but also in the fact that his work has survived over four hundred years and it continues to be performed and read worldwide.
Soanes, C; Stevenson, Angus ( 2004 ) Concise Oxford English Dictionary. New York, USA: Oxford University Press
Dr Johnson’s Dictionary: The Extraordinary Story of the Book that Defined the World, London: John Murray, ISBN 0-7195-6631-2. 4. What is the difference between a.. Johnson Samuel. “A Dictionary of the English Language” in two volumes, the sixth edition. London M.DCC.LXXXV (Print).
Finegan, Edward,."Language :its structure and use" Edward Finegan, David Blair and Peter Collins. 2nd ed. N.S.W : Harcourt, Brace & Co., c1997
The duration of Early Modern English took place during the English Renaissance, and hence the amazing evolutions that occurred within it (Myers 166). After the Renaissance came the Age of Reason, and it is during this time that the language becomes recognizable to today (Smith 9). The most common example of Early Modern English is the fact that Shakespeare wrote in it, and it poses the most similarities to Modern day; the language moved from a synthetic one to a more analytical one, and relied less on inflectional endings and more with word order to convey information (Durkin 1). Early Modern English is the premise for the ever-evolving language that millions speak
The settlement of the British Isles by north Europeans followed by Norman French paints the backdrop to this essay which will focus on the period between the early 15th and 17th centuries, when a 'standard' English evolved. It will show that modern-day English is very different to that first introduced to the British Isles, but by identifying changes through time, its continuity can be demonstrated. Finally, it will suggest that present day English is in a position analogous to that which existed before the Norman invasion, when there were many varieties and dialects, and that this may lead to its decline as a global language, due to decreasing intelligibility.
Standardization of the English Language There are several important events before 1500 that, when listed together, show a series of steps in the struggle for English language supremacy. These steps are mainly governmental, legal and official events that pushed English usage. In 1356 The Sheriff's Court in London and Middlesex were conducted in English for the first time. When Parliament opened in 1362 the Statute of Pleading was issued declaring English as a language of the courts as well as of Parliament, but it was not until 1413 that English became the official language of the courts everywhere. Thirteen years later in 1423, Parliament records start being written in English.