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Ethical issues and business research
Strengths and weaknesses in qualitative research
Strengths and weaknesses in qualitative research
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Research Approach and Philosophy
In discussing the research approach and philosophy one must consider the difference between method and methodology. Methodology refers to the approach utilized for the research and the method refers to the procedure used to carry out the research. Epistemology is the philosophical approach broadly adopted in this research as it amid to describe a phenomena within society or in an environment. Hence in in relation to this topic the phenomena is the trend towards sustainability among businesses in the UK. A relativist philosophy has been applied which provides the foundation for this research and can be best explained according to Mark Easterby-Smith et al, “Many truths exist and a single view can only result from a consensus of these multiple viewpoints,” (Mark Easterby-Smith et al : 2008). This philosophical framework has been selected because the aim of the research is to gain a greater understanding of the common consensus of opinions and attitudes held from luxury fashion customers about their views towards luxury fashion and sustainability. The researcher accepts that many opinions exists however those which comprise the majority are the viewpoints the researcher is primarily interested in.
Types of Research
Research can be classed into three perspectives; 1. Application of Research, 2. Objectives in Undertaking Research and 3. Inquiry Mode (Patton : 2002). Regarding the application of research, for the purposes of this paper, Applied Research has been conducted as opposed to Pure Research. Since the nature of the overall study is to be able to take and apply the principles discovered from the research for future benefit, applied research is more suitable. Pure research tends to revolve ...
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...roach to the research process and assists in lessening the weaknesses found in using quantitative and qualitative methods in isolation (Johnson & Onwuegbuzie : 2004). The mixed model research will be implemented by conducting surveys and semi structured interviews. For the purposes of this research it will enable the researcher to obtain a more holistic understanding of what is the impact of corporate and country culture on strategic alliances and why.
Secondary Research
Secondary research was conducted by utilizing both qualitative and quantitative secondary research. Secondary research materials such as business journals and Mintel reports and industry reports provided information surrounding this topic. This secondary research could then be compared and contrasted with the primary research findings to help provide more understanding about the topic overall.
The aim of this paper is to explore and critically analysing two research articles. The critical analysis will explain the importance of the study, evaluate design and research method used in those articles. To identify any gaps it will provide the literature review in those researches and possibility for the new study. The project plan, for the possible research will be developed on a potential gaps and the essay will finish with the conclusion.
“applied research aims to solve practical problems, although it uses the same characteristic as basic research” (Neutens, 2014). Overall presence of research is to increase one’s general knowledge on different subjects. While gaining knowledge through research, it is also conducted to benefit others depending on the specific topic of research.
Zikmund, W., Babin, B.J., Carr, J.C., & Griffin, M. (2010). Business research methods (8th ed.). Mason, OH: Thomson/South-Western
My research philosophy is driven by informed inquiry to search for answers to questions that can enrich understanding and benefit society. I believe in integrating fundamentals from science with engineering principles in searching for practical answers. This theoretical and empirical approach guides my own research. My current research at Purdue University is focused on the handling issues faced by the corn ethanol industry and specifically on studying the caking behavior of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). I am using basic and applied research principles to investigate the conditions at which this granular bulk product cakes. Results from this study will be used to develop a quality control management system for DDGS during production and transportation. A model that I developed, to predict the moisture sorption of behavior from the DDGS chemical composition[ ], can be coupled with a near infra-red (NIR) instrument, that is commonly used by the corn ethanol industry for quantifying the chemical composition. My active involvement with a team of researchers who studied the effect of process variables during drying on the physical and chemical variability in DDGS at a commercial corn ethanol plant, gave me valuable insights on validating a hypothesis at an industrial scale.
Research philosophies is a framework by which the research problem should be fundamentally approached, there are four major research philosophies positivism, interpretivism/constructivism, realism and pragmatism (Davies, 2007). Positivism is a philosophical trend in the methodology of science, defining the only source of true, actual knowledge of empirical research and denies cognitive value of philosophical inquiry. According to the positivist philosophy, methodology is not related to the essence of knowledge about the real world, but rather has to do with the operations by which knowledge is constructed. The essential reasoning behind positivism is that, all truthful learning depends on the positive data assembled from noticeable experience, and that any thought past this domain of self evident actuality is powerful. Just explanatory proclamations are permitted to be known as valid, through reason alone (Davies 2007).
Sustainable manufacturing requires the green fashion knowledge from consumers to make it work. Green fashion knowledge is, “Environmental attitude models or consumers’ perception and beliefs on green products”. (Cervellon & Wernerfelt, 2012, p. 178) This is crucial because it raises awareness for consumer for the environment and hence promote the importance of green and sustainable textile manufacturing. But consumers often get the wrong idea and clarity of the true meaning behind it, “Consumers seem to doubt the existence of sustainable production processes, especially in the fashion industry where manufacturing is often outsourced to emerging countries” (Cervellon & Wernerfelt, 2012, p.178) Consumers often believed that sustainable manufacturing is only practiced by a minimal amount of manufacturers, so the concern for sustainable fashion is often neglected. On the other hand, the image of green fashion is often related to dull and not in style, so the majority of people will prefer fast fashion that is trendy, up to date and cheap. To promote the benefits of green fashion, it will take time to educate consumers and transfer knowledge to them. In a study performed by Marie-Ce ́cile Cervellon and Anne-Sophie
The research was designed using qualitative model based on exploratory design. This was done to facilitate multi-faceted study with a broader prospective. Basic percentage analysis was done to supplement qualitative analysis. The study was conducted with the help of a Questionnaire. To deepen the understanding data was collected from a variety of books, Internet web pages, and articles of different kinds conducted was descriptive in nature. Descriptive research includes survey and facilitating enquiries of different
According to Creswell (2007) in Quality Inquiry & Research Design, everybody sees the world of research from different perspectives. Therefore, the assumption of researchers who choose the qualitative methods approach reflects their own views on the subject matter at hand. Creswell suggest, “When researchers do this, their research becomes shaped by bringing it into the inquiry paradigms, views of the world. Creswell suggest when qualitative researcher views vary according to the beliefs they bring into their research, which represent paradigms” (pg. 19).
...uided towards organizations and consumers towards a common goal, which is to create a sustainable society, starting with fashion. “We quietly accept that people are important, and quickly move onto discussions of how to do things with, for and to people”[4]. Although changing the system it self will take enormous efforts and time, it is important to execute the process one by one by accepting the problems to creative solutions.
Through articles and case studies, The State of the World traces the importance and the benefits of engaging in sustainable practices in every area of life, as well as a detailed overview of which steps need to be taken to move towards a sustainable culture. The “Business and Economy: Management Priority” section provides an analysis of the negative impact business and economy is set to have in a sustainable future if a more sustainable management is not adopted, and specifications on how can they move towards a sustainable business environment. It includes a variety of articles that express concerns on the aggressive impact the consumer culture is currently having on the environment, emphasizing on the need of forging more sustainable practices in the economy. The series of articles found in this section are “Business and Economy: Management Priorities”, “The Folly of Infinite Growth on a Finite Planet”, “Cradle t...
Research philosophy, refers to the development of knowledge adopted by the researchers in their research (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009). In other words, it is the theory that used to direct the researcher for conducting the procedure of research design, research strategy, questionnaire design and sampling (Malhotra, 2009). It is very important to have a clear understanding of the research philosophy so that we could examine the assumptions about the way we view the world, which are contained in the research philosophy we choose, knowing that whether they are appropriate or not (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009). According to Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009), three major ways of thinking about research philosophy are examined: ontology, epistemology and axiology. Each of them carries significant differences which will have an impact on the way we consider the research procedures. Ontology, “is concerned with nature of reality”, while epistemology “concerns what constitutes acceptable knowledge in a field of study and axiology “studies judgements about value” (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009, p110, p112, p116). This study is intent on creating some “facts” from objective evaluations which are made by the subjects. Therefore, epistemology will be chosen for this study as the way of thinking about the research philosophy.
...chniques and procedures among those associated with quantitative or qualitative research. A literature review, which included document analysis, was used to answer sub-questions one, two and three. A model building approach was suggested to answer sub-question four. In addition, the study uses a case study as a proof-of-concept. The use of a case study is a qualitative empirical study to strengthen the research validity. Since the research methods directly responding to the research questions (Literature review and Model building) make use of textual data, we classified this study as a qualitative study. Table 3.1 below summarises the classification of this study in terms of the dimensions discussed above.
Striating from the research idea to the culmination of the findings, the research process entails many segments, all of which are imperative. By choosing the research methodology, the researchers can formulate the path to be used in conducting the study and reporting the findings. The methodology helps in the search of literature, development of research questions and the creation of the most suitable study design. It also assists in the interpretation of the results and the publication of the findings in journals.
The study is mostly exploratory in nature and is completely based on the primary research and partially secondary data will be considered for taking assumptions, trends, and others
After establishing the research problem and what results are wanted, it will define how it will find the answers. Research is a form of collection and interpretation of information that will form the basis of finding answers to questions. The research uses theories and methods that h...