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Pedophilia is a sexual preference for children. There are several laws that prevent adults from having sexual relations with minors, but this of course does not stop these crimes from being committed. Sex offenders and pedophiles believe that they are in love with the children that they have sexual relations with. They claim that they can help children discover their sexuality. There is even a group to defend the rights of pedophiles called NAMBLA, The North American Man/Boy Love Association. NAMBLA was founded in 1978 by David Thorstad, they are headquartered in New York CIty and San Francisco. Persons convicted of the production of child pornography are given a minimum of 15 years. Section 3559 (e) states that persons convicted of a second certain sex offense will be imprisoned for life. Because the victims of these crimes are left traumatized and often are unable to continue to lead normal lives pedophiles should be in prison for life before they can become a repeat offender. Often times, pedophiles stalk their victims. Common places for these people to get a hold of their victims are playgrounds, daycare centers, on their walk home from school, public parks, and many other places. More often than not, these predators have a “type” for instance children with brown hair, green eyes, and height. Some pedophiles have sexual preferences as well, most prefer boys, but there are those that have no preference and others that prefer females. This problem might be solved if schools had police help escort the children who walk home from their schools, public parks might benefit from adding security systems and surveillance cameras as well as at public play areas. The local police force might consider having constant patrols in areas... ... middle of paper ... ...onses To Pedophilia." Theological Studies 55.1 (1994): 124. Academic Search Complete. Web. 6 Apr. 2014. Mollon, Phil. Remembering Trauma : A Psychotherapist's Guide To Memory And Illusion. London: Whurr, 2002. eBook Collection (EBSCOhost). Web. 6 Apr. 2014. Seto, Michael C. Pedophilia and Sexual Offending against Children: Theory, Assessment, and Intervention. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2008. Print. "NAMBLA." . N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. . "." . N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. . "Cameras mounted in Mount Vernon playgrounds." - New York News. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. .
The United States of America has always supported freedom and privacy for its citizens. More importantly, the United States values the safety of its citizens at a much higher level. Every year more laws are implemented in an attempt to deter general or specific criminal behaviors or prevent recidivism among those who have already committed crimes. One of the most heinous crimes that still occurs very often in the United States is sex offenses against children. Currently, there are over 700,000 registered sex offenders and 265,000 sex offenders who are under correctional supervision. It is estimated that approximately 3% of the offenders who are currently incarcerated will likely commit another sex-related crime upon release (Park & Lee, 2013, p. 26). There are several laws that have been in place regarding sex offenses for decades, including Megan’s Law which was enacted in 1996.
The false memory and recovered memory literature is marked by controversy. It examines the phenomenon a variety of patients have exhibited: purportedly “losing” memories of trauma, only to recover them later in life (Gavlick, 2001). In these cases, temporary memory loss is attributed to psychological causes (i.e. a traumatic event) rather than known damage to the brain (Gavlick, 2001). While some assert that the creation of false memories through therapeutic practice is a serious concern and founded associations like the False Memory Syndrome Foundation (FMSF) in the U.S. and the British False Memory Society (BFMS) in order to advocate against psychological malpractice, other researchers contend that the evidence for “false memory syndrome,” or the recovery of untrue memories, is weak (Brewin & Andrews, 1998; Pope, 1996). The debate arose largely in the 1990s, though a consensus in the literature still has not been reached.
Ward, T., Polaschek, D. L. L. & Busch, A. R. (2006). Theories of sexual offending. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
...to see when this reconstruction mainly happens. Does it happen while encoding or retrieval. This would help us in understanding the reconstructive aspect of memory further. Thereupon conscious efforts could be taken to reduce false memories in individuals suffering from psychological disorders. As some disorders are usually a result of misinterpretation of events in life due to perverted inner beliefs or fears, this can be an appropriate intervention . Classically, it is true for adult reconstruction of childhood abuse and trauma which is widely studied. The research shows that these sort of memories are often distorted and self created, with no relevance to reality. Hence, it is of great value to study these false or partially false memories, as they can lead to severe psychiatric conditions such as depression and multiple personality disorder (Frankel et.al 1993).
Pedophiles are men whose sexual wishes and desires for relationship bonds and love are focused either primarily or exclusively on children who have not reached puberty, whereby the relative importance of each of these three areas—sexuality, relationship, and love— may vary, as it does with other people as well. (Schmidt 473)
Based on an article by the National Alert Registry by Dr. Herbert Wagemaker, four percent of the population suffers from sexual orientation toward children. In 1999, 93,000 kids were sexually abused. 50% of the abusers were parents of th...
Salter, Anna C. (2004). Predators: pedophiles, rapists, & other sex offenders: Who they are and how they operate, and how we can protect ourselves and our children. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Terry, K. J. (2013). Sexual offenses and offenders: Theory, practice and policy. (2nd ed., pp. 19, 125, 128-132, 152). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Sexual offenders have been a problem that has faced the criminal justice system for a long time. Sexual offenders come in all different types. Most sexual offenders look like anyone else walking down the street. It is very hard to pick out a sexual offender from a crowd of people unless one knows that person or has seen their case broadcasted on the local news. Sexual offenders can have different variations of the sexual offense they have been convicted on. Some sexual offenders are sentenced for statutory rape, others for pedophilic offenses and others for violent sexual assaults. Each one of these offenses has a completely different thought process and level of violence associated with it. All of these offenses devastate the victim and has long lasting effects on the victim’s life. Also, sexual offenders are more likely to commit another offense. Usually with child molesters the child they were prosecuted for molesting is not typically their first victim. Most of the time the compulsion to reoffend is too hard for the offenders to resist. The correctional system, which is a part of the criminal justice system, needs to keep all of this in mind when paroling sexual offenders back into the community. The community deserves to be protected at all costs from these offenders.
On June 28, 1990, Mark E. Jones, a public school teacher from California, was charged with twenty-eight counts of lewd (lustful) conduct with four boys under the age of fourteen. Two of those boys, Sammy and Bobby, were his adopted sons and the other two boys, Andrew and Kenny, resided in the same neighborhood as him. Jones had oral intercourses with these children for two years before being arrested. In his trial, Jones denied the allegations and said that his two sons and Andrew were trying to accuse him of the molestation because he caught them performing the acts on each other (Jones). At the end of the trial, Jones was found guilty on twelve counts of lewd conduct, found not guilty of twelve counts, hung jury on three counts, and one count was dismissed before the trial. Jones was sentenced to 15 years in prison.
The prevalence of pedophiles, or those attracted to young children, is believed to be roughly 5% of the U.S. population (Seto, 2009). The relationships formed with children by these pedophilic individuals may seem beneficial to the perpetrators; however, the young victims are scarred for life. Abused children face short and long-term problems including anxiety, fear, anger, depression, shame, and poor self-esteem (Murray, 2000). The best way for society to counteract these detrimental side affects is to tackle the offenders. However, current treatments for pedophilia have been far from helpful, some of which include psychotherapy, behavior therapy, surgery, and medication (Berlin & Krout, 1994; Repique, 1999). While some of these treatments are effective, they are also unethical. In addition, of those that can be used, very few keep the recidivism rates down. Booxbaum and Burton (2013) discovered that only 70% of participants had attempted to stop, decrease, or slow down their sexual abuse towards children and only 56% of those individuals were able to stop temporarily. However, if the origin of pedophilia is correctly identified, treatments can be refined in order for them to be more effective rather than focusing on changing sexual preferences (Seto, 2012). To begin truly understanding the etiology of pedophilia, the characteristics of this first must be addressed.
Levine, Judith. Harmful to minors: the perils of protecting children from sex. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2002.
Adolescents and children are capable of committing serious sex offenses in spite of their immaturity. Sexually abusive behavior includes but is not limited to non-conta...
Paedophilia is a concept which has changed throughout the eras the beliefs and attitudes towards paedophilia is something that is seen as a very difficult subject. Social standards are extremely influential when it comes to deciding what is and isn’t acceptable behaviour for a society and over time especially within the western world this is one of the things that have crossed boundaries and become a topic of debate for a variety of cultures. Paedophilia is considered to be an abnormal or unnatural attraction towards children. Throughout this essay there will be an attempt to discuss the constructions that surround the notion of paedophilia with focus on the social and psychological aspects. Firstly it is important to understand the history of paedophilia to be able to fully explore the explanations which we will be presented later on in this essay. Dating back to as far as the Roman and Greek eras where relationships between children and adults were accepted and portrayed as forms of mentorship. Up until the age of enlightenment, there was little more known than the naturalistic approach to maturity and sexuality. La Fontaine, (1990) states a paedophile is generally defined as a person who gains sexual gratification from contact with pre-pubescent children, this is a supported definition from various academics. According to the ICD-10 manual, Paedophilia is ‘a sexual preference for children, boys, girls or both usually of pre-pubertal or early pubertal age’. A person 16 years of age or older meets the definition if they have a persistent or predominant sexual preference for prepubescent children at least five years younger than themselves. Alter...
There is an on going debate in regards to the definition of child sexual abuse. This phrase has been used in many studies and has been discussed in a variety of disciplines including medicine, education, social work and the legal system. Amidst its widespread recognition, its definition continues to differ within these settings, making it difficult to determine what behaviors constitute the label of sexual abuse (Haugaard...