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Topic on prevention of child sexual abuse
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Introduction The purpose of this paper is to provide counselors with an accurate analysis of the prevention programs that have been implemented to protect elementary age children from sexual abuse. This paper will discuss the benefits and limitations of various prevention programs and provide guidance to counselors to help them sort through the research. It is important for counselors to understand what programs work and what aspects of those programs are most effective. This paper will also discuss ways that counselors can educate communities that are at risk for child sexual abuse. According to Miller-Perrin and Wurtele (1988) there are three types of prevention programs, these include primary, secondary, and tertiary. Those programs that focus on educationg children about sexual abuse and equipping them with tools on how to avoid risky situations and the importance of disclosure are considered to have a primary focus. The programs that educate professionals in identifying signs of abuse are secondary programs. The third category, tertiary, describes programs that treat children who have been victimized though therapy (Miller-Perin & Wurtele, 1988). For the purpose of this paper, the term prevention programs or programs will refer to those with a primary goal. Background Defining Sexual Abuse There is an on going debate in regards to the definition of child sexual abuse. This phrase has been used in many studies and has been discussed in a variety of disciplines including medicine, education, social work and the legal system. Amidst its widespread recognition, its definition continues to differ within these settings, making it difficult to determine what behaviors constitute the label of sexual abuse (Haugaard... ... middle of paper ... ...child sexual abuse, Child Abuse & Neglect, Volume 17, Issue 1, January-February 1993, Pages 67-70, Finkelhor, Asdigian, Dzibuba-letherman. (1995). The Effectivness of Victimization Prevention programs for children: A follow up. American Journal of Public Health, 85(12), 1684-1689. Andrews, B. (1995). Bodily shame as a mediator between abusive experiences and depression. Journal Of Abnormal Psychology, 104(2), 277-285. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.104.2.277 Margot Taal, Monique Edelaar, Positive and negative effects of a child sexual abuse prevention program, Child Abuse & Neglect, Volume 21, Issue 4, April 1997, Pages 399-410, Leclerc B, Wortley R, Smallbone S. (2011). Victim resistance in child sexual abuse: a look into the efficacy of self-protection strategies based on the offender's experience. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 26 (9), 1868-1883.
Hurley, Jennifer (1999). Child Abuse Opposing Views . San Diego : Greenhaven Press, Inc. print.
According to RAINN, (2009) approximately 10 per cent of all victims of sexual assault and abuse are adult and juvenile males. In terms of the nature of assault, real figures include a compendium of reported incidents ranging from unwanted sexual touching to forced penetration. To qualify this statement, it must be understood that the percentage does not reflect a vast number of crimes that go unreported due to issues that will be discussed in the present paper.
Sedlak, A.J. (February, 2001). A history of the National Incidence Study of Child Abuse and
Burton, D. & Smith-Darden, J., North American Survey of Sexual Abuser Treatment and Models 2000, Brandon, VT: Safer Society Foundation, 2001.
Stoltzfus, Emilie. (2009). The Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA): Background, Programs, and Funding. Congressional Research Service. Retrieved from Website: http://www.napcwa.org/Legislative/docs/CAPTACongressionalResearchReport.pdf
This paper outlines the consequences of child sexual abuse (CSA) based on the examination of results from multiple researches previously fulfilled concerning the psychological and physical impact of this crime, information of statistics, warning signs detected, victims’ performances, and emotional state. Sexual abuse causes severe trauma on child victims that will last for the course of their lives, therefore it is critical to identify and improve the therapeutic methods utilized to treat CSA survivors.
Zieve, David, Juhn, Greg, and Eltz, David R. "Child Abuse-Sexual." New York Times. N.p., 13 Oct. 2008. Web. 12 Jan. 2014.
Meston, C. M., Rellini, A. H., & Heiman, J. R. (2006). Women's history of sexual abuse, their
Sedlak, A. (1990) Technical Amendments to the Study Findings--National Incidence and Prevalence of Child Abuse and Neglect: 1988. Rockville, MD: Westat, Inc. Wiese, D. and Daro, D. (1995) Current Trends in Child Abuse Reporting and Fatalities: The Results of the 1994 Annual Fifty State Survey.
[9] Sgroi, Suzanne M. Handbook of Clinical intervention in Child Sexual Abuse. Lexington Books, Toronto, 1982. 9.
Every year more than 3 million reports of child abuse are made in the United States involving more than 6 million children. Very few people are aware of the severeness of child abuse. While some people choose to ignore it, many people are oblivious to the fact that is even exists. Unfortunately, because very few people know about the severity of the problem or do not know how to stop it, the cycle of violence will continue for generations to come. It is detrimental that the cycle stops and abused children do not grow up to be abusers. Many children are afraid to ask for help, they feel they will be hurt again or punished. It is so very important that children know it is necessary and right to seek help. Unfortunately, 90% of children abused are under the age of 12. That means that most of them are not even out of elementary school. The addition of child abuse education classes in elementary schools would provide knowledgeable information to every child about dealing with child abuse. Education is a very key part to preventing the spread of violence.
Widom, Cathy S. "Victims of Childhood Sexual Abuse: Later Criminal Consequences." Trooper (March 1995): 1-8. NCJRS. Web. 15 Mar. 2011.
To understand how to prevent child sexual abuse, one must begin by understanding what child sex abuse is. When a perpetrator intentionally harms a child physically, psychologically, sexually, or by acts of neglect, this crime is known as child abuse. Child sex abuse consists of any sexual activity that includes a minor. A child cannot consent to any form of sexual activity. More importantly, when a perpetrator engages with a child this way, they are committing a crime that can have lasting effects on the victim for years. Moreover, child sexual abuse does not need to include physical contact between a perpetrator and child, some forms include but not limited to; fondling, intercourse, sex trafficking, exposing oneself to a minor, masturbation
Child abuse is a phenomenon in today’s society. Many people have been victims and although it has been taken into consideration, more surveillance should be taking place. There are three types of abuse that ruin the life of a child: physical, emotional, and sexual. However, focusing on domestic violence, a child will be affected by physical and emotional abuse. The problem is that some parents may not even consider how it affects their child in public places. When a child has been abused, how long does it affect him or her into adulthood? Though there are different ways to discipline, a parent can choose from a variety of rewards to reinforce good behavior; furthermore, a trusted committee should organize ongoing parenting classes to help parents to control their temper. What are the other consequences of abuse?
Sexual abuse awareness is a topic for all families and all walks of life to have at an early age for prevention and detection. Most sex abuse begins at an early age and many children do not know that they have been the victims of abuse if the abuse starts young enough, they just sense something does not feel right. Despite the intentional praying on ones’ youth as to prevent detection of the abuse, once a child reaches a certain age the feeling or indication of inappropriate touch transcends. It is the responsibility of parents, family, health care providers, we as nurses, and the community to protect and promote awareness of this history of a silent, but life altering abuse. However, many struggle with the introduction of such an unthinkable, but real problem, what age is the right age for awareness. Could love, affection, and protection, during ones’ childhood be the key to break the cycle of abuse.