Organizational Citizenship Behavior

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INTRODUCTION TO THE TOPIC

Organization citizenship behavior has been emerging as an interesting topic for any organization these days. Katz and Kahn (1996) were the first people to identify this kind of autonomous behavior in workplace. The term Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB’s) was first coined by Dennis Organ and his colleagues (Cf. Bateman & Organ, 1983; Smith Organ, & Near, 1983). Organ (1988: 4) defined Organizational citizenship behaviors as “individual behavior that is discretionary, not directly or explicitly recognized by the formal reward system, and that in the aggregate promotes the effective functioning of the organization. By discretionary, we mean that the behavior is not an enforceable requirement of the role or the job description, that is, the clearly specifiable terms of the person’s employment contract with the organization; the behavior is rather a matter of personal choice, such that its omission is not generally understood as punishable.” Organizational citizenship behavior occurs when the individuals in organization implicitly go beyond the formal boundary of work required to do by him/her. Organization citizenship behavior can also be said to be the choice of individual to work beyond any limitation or expectations of their employers for the overall betterment of the organization. This is completely voluntary action and the employee’s work beyond the expectation of their organization. Organization citizenship behavior is gaining much attention in today’s organizations as it has several positive implications on the organizations. Organization citizenship behavior makes the employee more committed to the organization willingly and helps in promoting overall health of the organization. The employee...

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...vior. Penner et al., (1997) also found that the various intrinsic and extrinsic motive of the employee drive them for OCB.

b) Groups cohesiveness
Work groups have a great impact upon the attitude and the conduct of group members. The group with high cohesiveness has more “we” feeling rather than “I” feeling. There is more cooperation and positive work environment when the group has high cohesiveness. The researchers are also trying to explore if this kind of cohesive behavior on groups have any impact upon the citizenship behavior they show. Cartwright (1968) observed that the cohesiveness has a positive impact upon intragroup communication, favorable interpersonal evaluation, and also it influence higher OCB if it matches with the group norms.
c) Employee attitude
d) Leaders Behavior
e) Organizational justice
f) Job satisfaction
g) Organizational commitment

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