Maslow And Herzberg's Theory Of Motivation Theory

2.4 Motivation Theory

Several motivation theories exist in literature today, there are older and modern theories. The modern/contemporary theories expanded more on older theories and are more evidence based (MSG, 2017). Relevant motivation theories to this research work will be examined. Most notably are the following which has over the years been considered as important theories, although they have been regularly criticized due to its inadequacies to address most aspect of both intrinsic and extrinsic human motives. The following relevant theories, Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory, McClelland’s Theory of Needs, ERG Theory and the Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory of Motivation will be examined in this research work. These are relevant to the

This need rises through the bottom lower level having basic needs of physiological needs related to food, water and biological needs, and grows into Safety needs (pain, overcoming, stress, uncertainties and danger), next up are Social needs related to human association and interaction. This is followed by Esteem needs (appreciation from others, importance and respect) and to the topmost need on the triangle, hierarchy-Self-Actualization related to human’s desire to for acquiring more skills, consideration for challenges and individual behavior to attain desirable goals. It can be seen that the individual remains the center focus of Maslow‘s theory and concerned with the individual’s relationship with families, colleagues and friends(Datta, 2010). In practice, the high order needs will only be of importance when the lower order needs related to biological and physiological need are met. Managers in the Oil and Gas companies in Nigeria have to concentrate to fulfil these lower needs of the team in order to get the best out of the team. These needs remain significant to the high-performing teams as they seek to improve productivity and influence organisational performance leading to high performance, this area Chip Conley the founder of popular hotel chain went ahead to adopt this theory in order to transform his business, he did this by paying more attention to the required areas that impact on the workers productivity (Pattison, 2010), this act alone proved the need to pay adequate attention to the team’s needs. For the High-performing team within the Oil and Gas companies in Nigeria, this theory is of great essence as it helps the manager to better understand and address the