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GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME case
GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME case
GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME case
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4th December 2015
Theme chosen: Physiological Stress Reactions
According to Taylor (2012), when people experience negative mental experience, some physiological changes will occur, in order to deal with or adapt to the stressor.
Hans Selye suggested the general adaptation syndrome theory to analysis physiological changes under stress in 1936. General adaptation syndrome includes three progressive stages, explaining the effects of stress to human body (Pearson, 2014).
First, alarm reaction. Once an undesirable or challengeable event just occurs, human’s body will notice the stressor from the event. Body’s resistance level to the stressor will decrease, and the body will have high priority to cope with the stress (Cardwell & Flanagan, 2009).
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Also, I used too much time on revision, I missed my regular dieting. Eventually, I bore the cost of continuous resistance to the stress, I got cold. According to resistance stage, people often miss their resting schedule in this stage. Therefore, the body immunity reduced, people will easily get sick under this stage.
Fortunately, my body did not shift to the exhaustion stage. At one night, my mom inspired me. When we were having the dinner, I mom asked me whether I think DSE examination is more important than health. I said no. Then my mom pointed out how I was damaging my health. She told me that DSE is important, but if I want to have the best performance in the exam, I must be aware of my body health.
At that night, I thought a lot of what my mom said. I asked my self, can I have a good performance in the exam if I keep ignoring my health? The answer is definitely no. I realized I need to change the way of revision, in order to be a sustainable revision schedule. Therefore, I added resting time in my schedule. I studied hard, but I rested well. I did not sacrifice my sleeping time for revision. After that, I started to feel released, the stress of DSE reduced. The effectiveness of study also restored. Finally, I recovered from the
Adrenaline and glucocorticoids are critical to survival. Animals’ stress responses turn off after escaping from life-threatening situations. However, humans’ stress response come from a psychological state of fear or threat. We are often stressed out due to traffic, increasing taxes, instead of actual life-or-death situations. What’s worse, we are stressed constantly. Since we cannot
What is stress? Physiological stress represents a wide range of physical responses that occur as a direct result of a stressor causing an interruption in the natural balance of a human body. When such a disruption occurs, either psychological or physical, the equilibrium in the body responds by stimulating the central nervous system, the endocrine system, and the human immune system. The reaction of these systems causes a number of physical changes that have both short and long term effects on the body. Members of the healthcare and Allied Helping Professions have devoted the last three decades to researching the specific short and long term effects of stress and the effects on the human body. This has led to highly specialized stress appraisals and the development of sophisticated coping techniques in all disciplines of the healthcare industry. Recent innovations have focused on the fact that stress impacts everyone in different ways, and that individual differences must be factored into the treatment milieu. Research continues to explore the correlati...
The term ‘stress’ was generally thought to have been a concept created by Robert Hooke in the 17th century. He worked on the design of physical structures, such as bridges; his concept of stress came from how much pressure a structure could withstand. However, Lazarus (1993) pointed out that the term ‘stress’ has been used as far back as the 14th century, when it meant hardship or adversity. Back then it referred to the external stressor, such as the death of a spouse or financial worry; in the 20th century, there are many different schools of thought on this area. Hans Selye (1956), brought together the work of Cannon and Bernard and devised a comprehensive system of physiological stress; which he termed the ‘General Adaptation Syndrome’, and is a 3-stage process. He theorised that a certain level of stress called ‘eustress’ (Cox, 1978) could actually be beneficial to our overall performance. Later In 1976, Cox & Mackay devised another model called the ‘Transactional model’. This model takes into account the individual differences in the perception of the amount of stress experienced by the person. The main difference between these two models is that Selye’s model only accounts for the physiological side of stress, whereas Cox’s model takes into account both the physiological and psychological aspects of stress. Therefore, both models will have slight similarities and differences in their explanation for how stress occurs in individuals, which is the main focus of this essay.
After this response is made, a cascade of behavioral and physiological processes is activated. Behavioral factors such as increased alcohol use, reduced exercise, changes in sleep quantity/quality, and changes in diet, have shown to be related to stress. In turn, stress-related changes are associated with many hormonal fluctuations known to influence susceptibility to disease (Schedlowski and Tewes, 1999). There is overwhelming evidence that daily stress may be harmful to the overall health of humans (Cohen, Tyrrell, and Smith, 1991; Glaser, Rice, and Sheridan, 1987; and Schleifer, and Keller, 1991). The mechanism by which stress influences health outcomes is thought to involve the immune system.
People are exposed to numerous amounts of positive and negative events throughout their lifetime. No one is given a life that is perfect or free from difficulty. Whether it is a death in the family, chronic illness, house fire, automobile accident, or any other type of impacting event, stressors are bound to occur throughout one’s life. Since people are constantly exposed to stressors in life, it is essential that one is able to adequately cope. There are three types of responses to stress. The first is the positive stress response, which is a normal and brief response to stress and is characterized by a mild increase in heart rate (“Toxic Stress,” 2017). One example of a positive stress response could be the slight apprehension one feels before
Suppression of the Immunity System: stress causes the immune system of the body to be weakened because it fights of the stress from the stressor. This makes the body even more vulnerable to certain infections, like multiple sclerosis and arthritis. It has been discovered that stress slows the body’s rate of recovery from infections.
The purpose of this paper is to define stress and how it effects the body's physiological systems. This paper will include the normal functions and organs involved in the following five physiological systems, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory, immune and musculoskeletal. This paper will also include a description of a chronic illness associated with each physiological system and how the illness is affected by stress.
Moreover, there is a strong psychological connection between one’s perception of themselves, and their strengths and weaknesses (Hubbard & Blyler, 2016). Since the human body instinctively reacts to anything perceived as a threat with the fight or flight response, it does not discriminate between an individual’s perception of an event, and the actual event that occurs (Bhattacharya & Bhattacharya, 2015; Grison, Heatherton & Gazzaniga, 2016). Therefore, something as simple as the fear of failing a test can provoke the same stress response within the body as encountering a bear. Indeed, conclusions established by Hubbard & Blyler (2016) indicated a significant relationship between stress and poor academic performance finding increases in absent mindedness, hyperactivity, and most importantly; difficulties with attentional control and working memory. In a similar study, Bhattacharya & Bhattacharya (2015) observed reductions in the effects of stress when students exhibited positive self-perceptions and confidence in their academic abilities. Combined, these studies suggest that the much of the stress associated with academics can be minimized by simply acknowledging its existence. By first recognizing the biological symptoms of stress, this author has begun to understand how influential the mindset and perceptions are for increasing academic
The Prevalence of Racism in Our Worlds If Aldous Huxley were alive today, he would wince at his unabashed racism displayed in Brave New World. The book would have never graced a library shelf, or been studied in a college writing course nearly a century later. This is due to the dramatic shift in society's view on what is acceptable. Books provide navigation through several controversial topics, including racism and discrimination. Literature is used as a platform to explore the bounds of potentially offensive material, acting as a useful tool to dissect the societal norms and cultural influence of different periods.
NZTC (2015) states that stress is one of the biggest factor that can affect a student’s study this is due to the pressure of the high demand of their time. Being stressed affects you mentally, socially and physically and have many negative side effects a few of these are exhaustion, headaches, sleeplessness and loss of appetite. Stress isn’t good for your health or well-being, this is why it is important to identify any causes of stress and to have strategies that will help manage stress. Going to the doctor for advice, searching the internet and seeking help from student support are some of the strategies that can help you deal with stress. (NZTC, 2015) There are many different steps that you can use to help reduce stress the only problem is finding the right ones for you. One of those steps that I will be using, is to break down your work load into smaller tasks that are manageable and can be prioritized easily. Another of the steps could be to use physical activities to help work off stress, or I could use yoga and breathing exercises to help control stress and helps you to relax. Most importantly, I should talk to someone, whether it be a family member or a friend, I can even talk to the Student Support Team if stress is affecting your
Before the test Buy a few sheets of A3 paper and write out your exam timetable and stick it up on your bedroom wall. This will help you remember what you are doing on what day which will help relieve your tension. When you are studying, do not just read the book, it will be like you are hypnotised. Turn the page, scan for information, forget information, turn the page. What you can do is take notes, when you are active, even slightly, you remember things easily.
We learned that the general adaptation syndrome is what happens to your body when your stressed out. There are three different phases that one goes through when they are stressed out. The first phase is where the body is experiencing alarm and adrenaline is produced. The second phase is where the body starts to resist the stress and starts the process of slowing down because the body cannot work forever. The last phase is where the body slows down complete because it cannot function under extreme amounts of stress.
It is important for your health to not over-stress your
I need to take what i've learned about myself, and change it up to help better myself. To start, i really want to focus on the time management aspect and the negative self talk i had experienced through the study. I learned that my time management skills are poor, and need some work. I plan to improve this problem by starting a planner with assignments, test, quizzes and due dates to stay on top of things. Also to designate certain times of the week to get work done for the things written in my planner. The negative self talk primarily isn't a bad thing but to the extent i go with it…. It's a little extensive. My first plan or action to resolve this issue would be to get more sleep. I feel i don't reach the desired amount of sleep i need every night, and that i'm cutting myself short by staying up so late. The second plan will be to keep an open mind about being in the classroom and doing assignments. Look into the future, and go one day at a time and remind myself this will all be worth it one day. For my negative self talk at work, i plan to discuss with my co-workers the issues i have. Instead of being inside my own head just upsetting myself further i need to express my thoughts, hopefully to make the work day more
When stressful events occur, three types of responses take place, an emotional response, a physiological response, and a behavioral response. Negative emotional responses such as anxiety, anger, and grief are common responses to stress. However, in some cases, an individual may exhibit positive emotions when coping with stressful situations. According to Folkman and Moskowiz, positive emotions promote resilience in the face of stress by promoting creativity, problem solving, flexibility, and can enhance physical and psychological health (Weiten & Lloyd, 2006, p. 84). The fight or flight response is a physiological reaction to a perceived threat of danger, in which the body prepares itself to either fight or flee an attacker.