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Personality theory pursuit of happiness
Optimism as a personality trait
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Most people agree that having an easy-going personality will contribute to the overall well-being of the individual. Certain personality traits have an effect on the individual well-being. Individuals showing improvements in those traits, over time, will often show comparable enhancement to their well-being. Subjective well-being refers to how an individual evaluates the quality of their life. In simple words, subjective well-being is how well an individual thinks and feels of how well their life is going. Subjective well-being includes the broad concepts of positive and negative emotions and moods. The positive experiences lead to high subjective well-being. Negative experiences lead to low subjective well-being. The one thing most people agree on is that personality is a predictor of the individual’s well being. The big five will be used in this paper as reference to personality traits. The big five consist of five different personality traits that were considered universal because of their stability among many individuals from many different cultures. The big five includes extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness. Extraversion refers to those individuals who are seen as social and lively. Neuroticism speaks of those who tend to be tense and moody. Conscientiousness alludes to the individuals who are considered to be careful and responsible. Agreeableness is referring to the friendly individuals who are easy to get along with. Finally, openness refers to the people who tend to be intellectually curious and open to try new things and experiences. Although prior study shows that the Big Five traits remain the same overtime, they had shown that they change as the person ages. Two articles in ... ... middle of paper ... ... ultimate goal that guides individual choices, particularly those traits that lead to positive affect, which then will increase the subjective well-being of an individual. Having a high well-being is an important concept within our lives because it allows us to see a purpose of our lives and it provides a means of evaluating our own lives. Works Cited Gonzalez Gutierrez, J. L., Jimenez, B. M., Hernandez, E. G., & Puente, C. P. (2005). Personality and subjective well-being: Big five correlates and demographic variables. Personality and Individual Differences,38(7), 1561-1569. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2004.09.015 Boyce, C., Wood, A., & Powdthavee, N. (2013). Is personality fixed? Personality changes as much as “Variable” economic factors and more strongly predicts changes to life satisfaction. Social Indicators Research, 111(1), 287-305. doi:10.1007/s11205-012-0006-z
Well-being is slowly being recognized as a subjective concept. While others may view an individual’s situation as less than ideal, that person may still be perfectly satisfied with their situation. Taking this into account, researchers focusing on subjective well-being realize that any circumstance may be interpreted differently, depending upon one’s own goals and current life stage (Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology, 2004). Goals and life stages are interwoven in that the current position one stands will have a dramatic effect on current or upcoming goals and aspirations. Happiness has been linked to having purpose and goals in life, along with healthy social relationships, feelings of security, and a lack of major stressors (Diener & Tov, 2012). These factors were found to be among some of the most important in subjective well-being across different countries and are closely aligned with what one may see on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs model. The stages in this model may be paralleled with the factors influencing the biopsychosocial model, which incorporates the impact of biology, one’s psychological frame of mind, and the social surroundings. Both Maslow’s hierarchical needs model and the biopsychosocial model act as an easy-to-understand framework for the health psychology field, as demonstrated through the factors most closely associated with happiness.
The Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire is a tool often used by professionals to assess a patient’s personality subtypes on a rating scale of 20 to 80. Under the higher order temperament factor Positive Emotionality (PEM) there are four trait scales. For the trait scale Well Being, John Wayne Gacy would score a 70. He was an upstanding member of his community, liked by his neighbors and coworkers, and would even attend children’s birthday parties and hospitals dressed as Pogo the Clown (Hickey, 2016). He had a cheerful disposition when facing the public, however, he only receives a 70 because he would, in fact, be subject to violent mood swings. For the trait scale Social Potency, Gacy receives a score of 80. He
When one is proceeding through the journey of life and crossing the bridge of development, it is often noted that personality has a major influence on personal health. Sometimes, while searching for the perfect spouse or ideal home, one might get wrapped up in the adventure that life throws at them, and they do not realize the extent to which their personality, throughout their everyday lives, affects their health. This, therefore, creates an ideal space for scientists and psychologists across the world to study the impact of the various factors of personality on health. Some of the major factors that are commonly studied within Personality Psychology are the Big-Five
Myers, David G. "The funds, friends, and faith of happy people." American psychologist 55.1 (2000): 56.
The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) was developed as a measure of subjective, overall wellbeing. The SWLS draws on existing understandings of subjective wellbeing, and the scale has been specifically designed to measure the cognitive evaluation of satisfaction. It was established from 48 self-reported statements, including items regarding life satisfaction, and positive and negative affect. Through factor analysis, researchers were able to detect these three factors, and remove the items that corresponded to the affect components, leaving ten statements, which were reduced to five to account for similarities in wording. It claims to allow respondents to cognitively evaluate multiple domains of life they may value, and for them to independently weigh these during response. This measure differs from past measures of subjective wellbeing with existing assessment commonly measuring affect (positive and or negative) and emotion, and not overall life satisfaction (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin,
Veronneau, M. H., Koestner, R. F., & Abela, J. R. (2005). Intrinsic need satisfaction and well-
Well-being is a combination of physical, mental, emotional and social factors. It is seen, as a stable state of being satisfied with one’s self and their life that doesn’t fluctuate due to a single even, person, or feeling (Begley and Begun, 2000). Well-being consists of eight dimensions, emotional, environmental, financial, intellectual, occupational, physical, social and spiritual (Begley and Begun, 2000). For the purpose of this study we are going to be looking at the emotional and occupational sides of well-being. Emotional state of well being is the ability to recognize, understand and express a full range of emotions and channel our emotions into healthy behaviours that satisfy our personal and social goals (Ryff, 1985). Occupational is achieving personal satisfaction and enrichment in one’s life through work, education, and personal goals and passions (Ryff, 1985).
If you show positive behaviors through performances, you have an increased well-being and in turn are much happier. “Positive activities increase positive emotions, positive thoughts, positive behaviors, and need satisfaction, all of which in turn enhance well-being.” The Positive Activity Model consists of three main features and the first is features of the activity. Features of the activity are including their dosage, variety, sequence, and built-in social support which all help at increasing happiness - dosage of a positive activity matters. Determining the ideal dosage of positive activities is complicated, however, it is likely to vary by person and by activity. When people are free to choose their happiness increasing activities, they do not view the activities as burdensome and will willingly perform them for longer and repeatedly. When people can choose their own positive activities, they are more prone to varying up their exercises. Theory and research suggest that positive changes in people’s lives are more likely to promote sustained boosts in well-being if the events generated by the positive changes are varied. The next is features of the person. For people to benefit from a positive activity, they have to engage in it, be motivated to become happier, and believe that their efforts will pay off. When participants who chose to complete happiness-increasing activities and put effort into them show bigger gains in their well-being. In addition to people’s motivation, efforts, and beliefs, people’s personalities may affect how much they stand to gain from positive activities. The perception from people support from their own pursuit of happiness and it’s likely to affect their ability to earn rewards from positive activities. We predict that happiness seekers who feel more supported by close others in
In the Oxford English dictionary the definition of wellbeing is “a state of being healthy, happy or prosperous; physical, psychological and moral welfare.” In correlation with KE 206 module, wellbeing is indeed all these things but also how they shape and influence the lives of children and young people. The wellbeing of children and young people can be understood objectively and subjectively. Objectively, the wellbeing of children and young people can be understood by looking at and measuring basic needs in life food shelter and safety. The wellbeing of children and young people can be understood subjectively by asking how one perceives themselves, their own wellbeing and emotions. In general, wellbeing is also affected by external factors
Subjective well-being is a broad term that encapsulates how a person appraises his or her life and emotional experiences. It has different aspects which includes life satisfaction, positive and negative affect (Diener et al., 2016). Positive affect refers to pleasant feelings such as joy, ecstasy, pride. While negative affect is defined as emotions that are troublesome or that can cause disturbance like anger and guilt. Life satisfaction is the cognitive domain of subjective well-being as it refers to the judgments made by the person about his life as a whole (Suldo and Huebner, 2005). For example, a person evaluates his subjective well-being by looking at his health satisfaction, job satisfaction, and other facets of his life including feelings regarding his life experiences (Diener et al., 2016). People with high subjective well-being are
The evidence to support the two types of happiness is taken from a daily survey. The Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index was completed by 450,000 US citizens in 2008-2009. The survey, asked specific questions to assess happiness for emotional well being and life evaluation. Questions were asked specifically about individual’s everyday experiences of the previous day to assess emotional well-being. Individuals were asked to rate their life from the best possible life to the worst, to gain understanding of their life
Subjective well-being refers to the well-being as declared by a person. It is based on a person’s answer to either a single question or a group of questions about his/her well-being, it is a measure of a person’s well-being that incorporates all life events, aspirations, achievements, failures, emotions and relations of human beings, as well as their neighboring cultural and moral environment. (Kahneman et al. 1999; Argyle 2002).
Psychological or subjective well-being may be defined as one's emotional and cognitive evaluations of his or her life (Diener, Oishi, & Lucas, 2003). These evaluations include one's moods, emotional reactions to events, judgments about fulfillment and life satisfaction, and satisfaction with specific life domains. It also includes what lay people might refer to as happiness (Diener, Oishi, & Lucas, 2003). While people's reactions, judgments, and moods vary it is believed that subjective well-being is stable over time and that it is influenced by life events, personality characteristics (Diener, Oishi, & Lucas, 2003), personal goals and cultural values.
In my paper I will clarify the seven measurements of wellbeing and how we require every one and how they identify with us. These measurements are: Social Wellness, Emotional Wellness, Spiritual Wellness, Environmental Wellness, Occupational Wellness, Intellectual Wellness and Physical Wellness. Every one of the measurements of health have critical impact in our day by day living with how we converse with individuals, to how we think rationally. My paper will have the capacity to clarify measurements of wellbeing altogether.
This is the acknowledgment that quality of life/well-being has both objective components which are the components external to an individual and measurable by ‘others’ and subjective components which are personal assessments of one’s own life or of particular aspects of life using measures of satisfaction, happiness, or other self-assessment scales.