Different Leadership Models

558 Words2 Pages

Yukl noted “another way to view leadership is in term of an influence process that occurs naturally with a social system and is diffused among the members” (2006, p. 4). His observation influences the belief that “leadership as a social process rather than as a specialized role” (2006, p. 4). Many scholars and practitioners also indicated that leadership implicates with social activities such as culture, education, economy, politics, society, and environment (Bass, 1997; Couto, 1995; Gardner, 1995; Kanter, 1991; Marques, 2010; Ogawa & Bossert, 1995). Yukl’s leadership perspective may refer to a framework that individuals use their knowledge—including values, beliefs, assumptions, and norms, abilities, and skills as inputs through process (leading) regarding situations that produce outputs—people (individual or group capability) and outcomes—change. To enhance leadership effectiveness may optimally enhance through these functions such as leading strategic change, understanding human activities, exercising decision-making process, and sustaining transformational leadership.

The studies about leadership have evolved since a century ago from trait approach to behavioral approach, and then contingency approach for finding and enhancing leadership effectiveness (Chemers, 1995; McLaurin & Al Amri, 2008). The earliest studies of leadership effectiveness focused on personality as leaders are different from ordinary people or above average which was trait approach in which researchers found that it did not relevantly sustain leadership effectiveness (Chemers, 1995). Leadership studies and researches were extended to study and research on personal behaviors as leadership styles such as Lewin and his associates proposed three leadership ...

... middle of paper ...

...8.

Mclaurin, J. R., & Al Amri, M. B. (2008). Developing an understanding of charismatic and transformational leadership. Allied Academies International Conference, Proceedings of the Academy of Organizational Culture, Communications & Conflict (AOCCC), 13(2), 15-19.

Miller, R. L., Butler, J., & Consentino, C. (2004). Fellowership effectiveness: An extension of Fiedler’s contingency model. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 25(3/4), 362-368. doi: 10.1108/01437730410538680

Navahandi, A. (2006). The art and science of leadership (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.

Ogawa, R. T., & Bossert, S. T. (1995). Leadership as an organizational quality. Educational Administration Quarterly, 31(2), 224-243. doi: 10.1177/0013161X95031002004

Yukl, G. (2006). Leadership in organizations (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.

Open Document