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Theory of conflict management
Theory of conflict management
Conflict Management Styles
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Conflict management model is propounded effective when the result of conflict is productive or acceptable for all the parties involved. The main motive of any conflict management model is to reduce the impact of conflict on negative note and guide parties towards agreement and strong relationship. This study is to analyze the effectiveness of Rahim’s Meta or Dual concern model for conflict management. Rahim (2002) differentiated person’s perception towards handling a conflict into two: “concern for self and concern for others” (p. 216). Further, the study explored two types of conflicts and observed that most conflicts arise during the decision-making process. Dysfunctional conflict, which hinders team performance and interpersonal relations due to individual’s self-interest in implementing particular decision. Functional conflict serves organization purpose with employees involved in the conflict regarding which proposal to implement (Rahim, 2011). Gross and Guerrero (2000) supported Rahim’s conflict management styles and identified that these styles are associated with organizational climate and culture, job satisfaction. Their research on 50 employees uncovered some facts include employees who were involved in unmanaged conflict end up in job dissatisfaction and subsequently their performance deters (p. 208). The competence-based model developed by Canary, Cupach and Serpe (2001) contrast with Rahim’s theory, where the effectiveness of conflict management styles is based on the situation and understanding of individuals (p. 81). They tried to find a resolution for the conflict instead of implementing the strategy to reduce tension by applying conflict management styles, resulting in inconsistent outcomes (p. 531). In... ... middle of paper ... ...nce, 4(11) Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1446601431?accountid=10818 Mukhtar, S. A. (2013). Organizational Conflict Management Strategies on Employee Job Satisfaction: A Conceptual Relationship. International Journal of Management Research and Reviews, 3(5), 2855-2862. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1417475767?accountid=10818 Ngirwa, C. C., Euwema, M., Babyegeya, E., & Stouten, J. (2013). Leaders styles of managing conflicts in change initiatives. Rochester: doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2233107 Rahim, M. A. (2011). Managing conflict in organizations. (4th ed.). New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. Rahim, M. A. (2002). Toward a theory of managing organizational conflict. The International Journal of Conflict Management, 13(3), 206-235. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/210991077?accountid=10818
You can lead a horse to water, but you cannot make him drink is a proverb I have heard since I was young. Leadership is the skill of influencing people to accomplish goals (Huber, 2014). In today’s world with policy and technological changes the leaders must use their leadership skills to not only get the horse to the water, have him drink, but also do it with a smile an invite others to join him. Leaders use a variety of styles to accomplish their goals. I will discuss the leadership style that I utilize most often, how my style relates to leadership theories and the work type environment it is most useful in.
Management and leadership, what exactly is it? What is my management and leadership style? In the paper I will complete a series of questionnaires to determine my personal style. Part one will examine conceptual skills, human skills, technical skills, new style management style, and old management style. Part two will examine personal goals and SWAT analysis. Part three will examine the four different aspects of personal management style. This will include personal decision styles, delegation versus perfectionist, organic versus mechanistic organizational structure, and the five subscales of HR management. Part four will examine four different aspects of my personal management style, Jung’s typology, the task
In several occasions, conflict occurs in the communication of one or two people. Several people have thought of conflict as cases involving pouring of furious anger in a communication process. Nonetheless, conflict is the misinterpretation of an individual’s words or values (Huan & YAzdanifard, 2012). Conflict can also be due to limited resources in an organization (Riaz & Junaid, 2010). Conflict may as well arise due to poor communication or the use of inappropriate communication channel of transmission of information between the involved parties. Management of conflict has various conflict management styles that include avoidance style, forcing style, passive-aggressive style, accommodating style, collaborating style and compromising style. Workplace conflict comes in two different kinds: task involving conflict, which focuses on the approaches used in resolving the problem and blaming conflict that has the aspects of blame and never brings element of resolving problems between the conflicting parties. In the perception of several individuals, relationship conflict is negative.
Leadership is the defining factor of a successful organization today. With the large number of companies in the world, there are just as many leadership styles. Understanding the different leadership styles is vital to the development of a management team as well as the organization. Matching the leadership style with the type needed for the organization in that point in time will impact the company in a positive manor. We can see examples of that in large corporations that will experience a shift in management when the level of production falls under a certain benchmark. The Blake Mouton Managerial Grid consists of five different leadership styles. The different styles outline the behaviours, traits, attitudes and focuses of the various leadership styles. The five styles are; Country Club, Impoverished, Middle of the Road, Team Leader, Produce or Perish leader. The model outlines how emphasizing on a particular area such as production could have negative repercussions onto another such as people. The grid is based on the idea that when the concern for both production and people are high, employee engagement and production will rise as well.
Conflict is part of life: it is an inevitable consequence of interacting with other people. In both our professional lives and in our personal lives we are constantly faced with statements, actions, needs, drives, wishes, demands or positions that are incompatible with or opposed to our own. Conflict can create stress, produce anxiety, adversely affect performance, decrease productivity and disrupt the work (or home) environment. It can be difficult to decide how to respond when faced with conflict. We often react emotionally or reflexively, without thought or conscious decision. Learning to deal effectively with conflict requires that we learn to control our response, choosing the most appropriate strategy for the particular situation.
Interpersonal conflict is very common with many relationships. It occurs when two people can not meet in the middle or agree on a discussion. Cooperation is key to maintaining a healthy debate. More frequently; when dealing with members of your own family, issues arise that include conflict and resolution. During this process our true conflict management style appears “out of thin air”. (Steve A. Beebe, 2008, p. 191).
As human beings, we experience conflict in our everyday lives. It is a natural phenomenon of our personal and professional existence, that it becomes an inevitable component of human activity. In today’s ever-changing business environment organizations, conflict resolution styles are seen as culturally defined event. The success and efficiency of channelling conflicts, whether in a positive or negative manner, can affect the nature of it as being beneficial or destructive to us. However, if it is properly managed, it can in fact ‘increase individuals innovativeness and productivity’ (Uline, Tschannen-moran & Perez, 2003) while offering ‘interpersonal relationship satisfaction, creative problem solving, the growth of a global workforce and domestic
Look up the word conflict in the dictionary and you will see several negative responses. Descriptions such as: to come into collision or disagreement; be at variance or in opposition; clash; to contend; do battle; controversy; quarrel; antagonism or opposition between interests or principles Random House (1975). With the negative reputation associated with this word, no wonder people tend to shy away when they start to enter into the area of conflict. D. Jordan (1996) suggests that there are two types of conflict: good, which is defined as cognitive conflict (C-type conflict) and, detrimental, defined as affective conflict (A-type conflict). The C-type conflict allows for creativity, to pull together a group of people with different opinions or ideas, to combine and brain storm all thoughts to develop the best solution for the problem. The A-type conflict is the negative form when you have animosity, hostility, un-resolveable differences, and egos to deal with. The list citing negative conflicts could go on forever. We will be investigating these types of conflicts, what managers can do to recognize conflict early, and what strategies they can use to resolve conflicts once they have advanced.
In the organizational setting, it comes through job retention or desires to be met, employer/employee disagreements and settlement, confidentiality reports and information sharing; all these leads to change in feeling and attitude. However, there are conflict management challenges facing many organizations in Nigeria. It is phenomenal, but can be controlled or managed. Notably, there seems to be growing importance of the conflict in various organizations. Olu and Adesobomi (2013) in a survey revealed that managers spend most of their time handling issues and that conflict management is important for them to function effectively. This means that conflict is always an issue and that peace is one of the important tools needed for an effective running of the organizational Conflict Levels of Educational Supervisors”, stated that supervisors sometimes experience organizational conflict which included other inter-groups and even with departmental heads. Furthermore, communication competence was reported to predict organization conflict. However, conflict remains an issue in organizations and the objective of conflict management are mainly to issue good lasting and quality solution. It is to give disputants fair process and sense of empowerment to resolve conflicts (Spiroska, 2014). This means that conflict is a continuous process and does not cease. However, as a result of a large number of cases of poor conflict management, its
Conflict is a basic aspect of teamwork (Levi, 2001), since the number of decisions that a team needs to make often evokes feelings of discomfort and stress. Conflict very often arises from a clash of different working style, ideas, interests, needs, and wants. Team conflicts can be due to high stress level. It has been experienced that in teamwork there can be conflicts and conflicts creates dissatisfaction among the employees. It is important that conflicts be addressed in such a way that it has adverse effect and it is very important to address the conflicts on the spot otherwise it would be difficult to handle the conflicts. (Jehn, 1995).When team member s disagree about the task themselves that how these tasks should be performed then task related conflicts occurs. It is also called task led-conflicts, it occurs when persons disagree over the understanding of tasks and their goals it is a disagreement between two team members in a group over the decisions. They have differences of opinions about a certain issue. (Stewart, Sims & Manz, 1999). Disagreement can be caused by differences in viewpoint and values, differences of opinion about tasks and differences in expectation about the impact of decisions (Levi, 2001).
According to the relevant literature, it can be discovered that seven sources of conflict uncovered based on research design. The research investigates more than 100 project managers on the opinions of the conflict determinants and put forward seven relevant propositions to verify the accuracy of sources of conflict by the means of Kolmogorov-Smirnov design (Hans et al., 1975). The main sources of conflict can be concluded in the following factors:1 The deviation in the understanding of the project team members related to the project objectives. 2 The discrepancies among project missions, upper management objectives and the role of project team members. 3 Organizational liquidity decreased, the authority continues to control the vital decision despite the actual situation. On the basis of the main factors above, it can be seen that the role of the project manager in conflict management is substantially crucial. Conflict is not as severe as dispute to some extent, therefore, the most important things that project managers should do is to prevent the escalation of conflict from becoming dispute (Fenn, P., 2011). The key role of project managers in conflict situation is not only to create a competitive atmosphere to motivate project members’ higher performance but also evaluate and integrate the gathered information to make crucial decisions. In terms of specific approaches for managing
In this paper I will look at the four major leadership styles, their characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and in what situations a particular leadership style is desired. Additionally, I will look at my leadership style and how I acquired this style throughout my career.
Conflict exists in every organization as a result of incompatible needs, goals, and objectives of two people while aligning to the overall business requirements. Though disagreement is linked with negative impact, the approach has healthy considerations (Leung, 2008). For instance, some conflicts create an avenue for the exchange of ideas and creativity to meet the set organizational purposes. However, damaging disagreement in organizations results in employee dissatisfaction, turnover, and poor services and reduced productivity. The paper establishes different types of interpersonal conflict and key resolution strategies used to address the problem. Human resource managers need to have the capacity to identify different levels of conflicts and the best methods to negate them.
During my thirty-six years in the work force, I have worked for many different businesses, performed a plethora of different job duties, and I have been introduced to a wide variety of different management styles from the management teams that I have worked for. Each management style was varied but the end result was the same at the end of the day, to get the job done. Through these different management styles I have been introduced to, I have developed my sense of a good personal management style. During this paper, I will look at some of the great managers and not so great managers that have helped me to develop my management style.
According to McShane and Von Glinow, conflict is “a process in which one party perceives that his or her interests are being opposed or negatively affected by another party” (328). The Conflict Process Model begins with the different sources of conflict; these sources lead one or more parties to perceive that a conflict exists. These perceptions interact with emotions and manifest themselves in the behavior towards other parties. The arrows in the figure illustrate the series of conflict episodes that cycle into conflict escalation (McShane and Von Glinow 331-332).