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Latest theory on language development in early childhood
Latest theory on language development in early childhood
Nature vs nurture child language acquisition
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The way children learn a second language faster have intrigued reseachers to conduct studies to learn the reasons behind their ability to learn. is it a biological advantage? or it have psychological and social factors. Reseachers have proposed reasons to why children acquire the language faster through studies on immigrants who had to learn the language faster due to a immigrating to a country with different language. Some researcher didn't agree to these studies they believe that adults learn languages better than children.
How The Brain Learns a New Language:
Immigrant children who learn a second language fast have generated a lot of attention from researchers who wondered about their quick ability to learn (Roitman - “Your Mind on Language").
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In order to learn the new language faster the child needs the tools and skills to help him learn it. That is learning the skills to acquire the first language, makes it easier for them to master the second language.
Another factor is that children in the beginning of their learning don't need to learn grammar or difficult vocabulary or worry about the complexity of sentences. They only need to acquire simple vocabulary to communicate with others.
What helps children learn a new language is They don't fear making errors or saying the wrong word because they haven't got any negative attitudes to learning a new language, which helps them make mistakes and learn from them.
Can Learning Several Languages Makes The Child Lose His First
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To master both languages they need to learn all new information and skills in the primary language first. Focusing on another language other than the primary language will give the impression that his primary language is not worth learning and the second language is more valuable, so the child will have difficulties becoming proficient in his first language. What researchers found in a study on children between 5 and 11 years old, that children who have lost their primary language (subtractive bilinguals) do not score as well as other children who maintain or expand their primary language as they acquire the second language (additive Bilinguals). (A. Clark, Beverly. "First- and Second-Language Acquisition in Early
There’s a long-standing argument that most people resort to when discussing whether or not children are better suited to acquire a language over adults. The “critical period hypothesis” argues, “that children are superior to adults in learning second languages because their brains are more flexible.” (McLaughlin 2) This argument is true to some extent, however, experimental research has found that adolescents and adults are able to acquire languages better based on their controlled environment. Children, on the other hand, are better able to grasp a better understanding of the pronunciation of languages compared to adults. (McLaughlin
If they lose their home language, they lose important family connections, tradition, heritage, which could lead to self-esteem and social emotional problems in their youth. For all these reasons, supporting and encouraging dual language learning in young children makes sense and is crucial to their long-term success (Magruder, et al. 2013).... ... middle of paper ... ... Early Childhood Education Journal, 38(6), 421-429.
Many parents concerned about negative effects on child development. However, second language does not have any negative effects such as child’s speech delay or language confusion. Let’s look at r...
This was through the process of "language immersion" -- surrounding your child with their first language all day and all night. The human brain is wired for quick problem-solving and general learning from ages 0 to 12, especially from 0 to 5. This is why children are able to pick up on patterns so quickly. It is pretty astounding that a baby can intuitively learn a language within 2 years without training!
When a baby is born, he/she comes into this world eager to learn. Always taking in information and absorbing it like a new computer. Every experience he/she encounters could possibly stick in that baby’s mind. However, some of the things that a child hears or perceives can either benefit or corrupt their learning. Teaching a child a second language has the same concept as putting in new software in a computer. Many advantages come with a safe and powerful computer and the same would come with knowing a second language. If a child was not taught a second language in their early years, that child might be at a disadvantage in their future, and as that child grows up not knowing a second language could potentially hold him/her back with grades and obtaining a job. Knowing a second language can benefit from those things and can also help with keeping strong ties with their family, culture, community, and even music.
Also bilinguals do less than monolinguals in ‘VOCABULARY TESTS’ and also picture choosing and naming different objects in it. LANGUAGE FLUENCY is also affected for bilinguals because they become confused and double minded before choosing appropriate words for particular object in particular situations. If a child is seeking school language (academics required language) which is totally different from home language then this type of child “experiences increased difficulty in coping with both academically and socially”. “BILINGUALS are weak at perceiving the verbal and non-verbal tasks that require controlled attention and selectivity in conceptual categories”. Also, the cognitive problems such as memory-span development is reduced and speaking age time period also becomes late due to confused speaking problems of bilingualism.
In this literature review I identify the benefits and the challenges of rearing bilingual children from an early age, the roles that parents and teachers may take in supporting children’s bilingualism, and specific strategies that have proven to be useful in supporting bilingual children.
That way the kid can get rich and complex language exposure as well as sophisticated content and information, rather than limited exposure to the language. Some families decide that each parent is going to speak a language to the child, and the child is going to be able to process the information. According to Dr. Hoff, “There is no certainly no research to suggest that children need to have languages lined up with speaker or they get confused.” Kids who have been exposed to a certain language when they were little they will have a stronger sense of language down the way. Children who are learning two languages will have a smaller vocabulary and they will mix the two languages, but there is no confusion between the languages.
The development of the brain of a bilingual individual is better than a monolingual individual. Few years ago, researchers from the University of Washington (as cited in Klass, 2011, para 4.) found that the brains of bilingual infants (from families where two languages were spoken) are able to discriminate the different of the phonetic sound of the languages they usually heard when they grew up than monolingual infants in where their brains were adapted to only identify their mother tongue only. Dr. Patricia Kuhl, one of the members of this research team thus believe that bilingual education can shape infants’ brains and keep them ready for future challenges. Concurrently, a renowned psychologist, Dr. Ellen...
Language has pioneered many interracial relationships and historical milestones. Language is a necessity for basic communication and cultural diversity. Being multilingual is a skill proven influential to a successful future. Due to rapid globalization, countries all over the world are stressing the importance of learning a second, or even third, language. With the exception of time and lack of resources, adults have very few widely applicable disadvantages to learning multiple languages. However, language learning as a child presents more complications. Some of those include not having enough funding at the elementary school level to introduce a program for secondary language, academic overload for the youth, stress for both the parent and student parties, and the mixing of languages. Not all of these complications are true in any or all situations, however, and the absence of them provides multitudes of opportunity for future career and academic success. Ultimately, it is the responsibility of the parents or the education legislation to decide whether they encourage the learning of a secondary language at the young age necessary for retention. “The general consensus is that it takes between five to seven years for an individual to achieve advanced fluency,” therefore the younger a child begins to learn, the more likely they are to benefit to the maximum potential (Robertson). Keeping the language learning in high school or beginning the process earlier is a greatly controversial discussion that is important to address because of the topic’s already lengthy suspension.
Dependent on country and culture, languages differ in pronunciation and dialects, grammar and meaning. Increasing rates of children come from immigrant backgrounds, being either bilingual or multilingual, which studies show has both social and cognitive benefits. Maintaining a child’s colloquial language is important in preserving their cultural, social and community identities. Furthermore, it facilitates collaboration and understanding between multicultural families and communities. Regardless of what language a child is to first learn, the systems for acquisition are the same.
Research also confirms that children learn best in their mother tongue as a prelude to and complement of bilingual and multilingual education. Whether children successfully retain their mother tongue while acquiring additional languages, depends on several interacting factors.
When we know a new language, just we can start to see connections we couldn’t see before because each and every language approaches the world in a slight different way. As a result, we have the opportunity to understand the world from the respective of another culture and gain a greater appreciation of human society in all its diversity. Therefore, the importance of second language learning is gain reinforced. We became not just equipped to communicate across the cultures but empowered and to understand others’ point of view also.
As time goes by and as the global community develops, the world grows more and more international, making second or third language acquisition become necessary to the majority. With the growing importance of multiple language ability, more and more parents think of bilingual or multilingual education, which means acquisitions of two or more languages, for their kids. In fact, we do have many reasons showing why multilingual education is important and beneficial, such as aspects of interpersonal relationship, employment, brain health, and so on.
First group is personal benefits. Learning foreign language, people develop their brain`s capabilities, in particular your memory. The researchers from University College London has shown that learning other languages altered grey matter – the area of the brain which processes information – in the same way exercise builds muscles.() Moreover, people who are learning foreign languages develop self-confidence. Multilingual people tend to attract people because of their skills. You can overcome your fears and doubts, become more intelligent, meet new interesting people and travel to places you would have never dared to visit before.