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Essays on the Canadian Constitution of 1982
What has been the federal governments role in education
Federal role in education today
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The federal government of Canada does play an important role in higher education policy, but it is a role that has evolved through the constant dancing of federal-provincial relations to the frequently discordant tune of Canada’s constitutional debate (Jones 2004). The Canadian federal system with responsibility for high education is like no other in the developed industrialised world. In effect the federal government is constitutionally deprived for social welfare, health and education. On the other hand it is the federal responsibility for concerns of national interest, equality of treatment and opportunity, economic development, and Indians and lands reserved for Indians. A very unique paradox which has led to several clashes between the feds and the provinces. However, while the provinces from time to time seek to fulfill their constitutional obligations, both levels of governments in some cases have overlapped, and tensions erupts. As is usually the case the high court on some occasions have ruled on matters that can't be resolved politically (Jones 2004). As it relates to higher education and other related matters the federal government moves through the powerful instrument mechanism, called the ‘federal spending power’ to intervene with tremendous weight of federal taxes in precisely the same areas that …show more content…
The direct impact on educaton as it relates evaluation and assessment of educational programs, performance, efficiency, effectiveness, accountability, cooperation, student satisfication, and competitiveness ae implemented at the provincial level. The execption the feds involvment are in those areas over which the provinces have absolutely no control; such as war, demography and the economy. Yet, several of the programs are operated through provincial control systems (Junor and Usher
seen these horrific four years. --------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Benoit. Horizon Canada 7. Centre for the study of teaching Canada [2] Canadians and Conflicts. Edmonton Public School Board.
Stevenson, Garth. "Federalism and Intergovernmental Relations." Canadian Politics in the 21st Century. Ed. Michael S. Whittington and Glen Williams. Scarborough, Ont.: Nelson Thomson Learning, 2000. 85-1
Newman, Garfield et al. Canada A Nation Unfolding. Toronto: Mc Graw – Hill Ryerson Limited, 2000.
... A successful strategy in the accommodation of national minorities within a liberal democracy could be founded upon mutual trust, recognition and sound financial arrangements. However, a certain degree of tension between central and regional institutions may remain as a constant threat in this complex relationship since they entertain opposing aims. The federal governments determination to protect its territorial integrity, and its will to foster a single national identity among its citizens clashes with Quebec’s wish to be recognized as a separate nation and decide upon its political destiny and to foster its distinct identity (Guibernau pg.72). Moreover, if the ROC and the federal government can come to an agreement on terms that satisfy the majority and an identity that encompasses the heart of a country; Canada will continue to exist with or without Quebec.
The Indian Residential schools and the assimilating of First Nations people are more than a dark spot in Canada’s history. It was a time of racist leaders, bigoted white men who saw no point in working towards a lasting relationship with ingenious people. Recognition of these past mistakes, denunciation, and prevention steps must be taking intensively. They must be held to the same standard that we hold our current government to today. Without that standard, there is no moving forward. There is no bright future for Canada if we allow these injustices to be swept aside, leaving room for similar mistakes to be made again. We must apply our standards whatever century it was, is, or will be to rebuild trust between peoples, to never allow the abuse to be repeated, and to become the great nation we dream ourselves to be,
In the year of 1867 the nation we know as Canada came into being. The Confederation in this year only came about after things had been overcome. Many political and economic pressures were exerted on the colonies and a federal union of the colonies seemed to be the most practical method of dealing with these pressures and conflicts. While Confederation was a solution to many of the problems, it was not a popular one for all the colonies involved. In the Maritime colonies views differed widely on the topic. Some were doubtful, some were pleased, others were annoyed and many were hopeful for a prosperous future.1
This report called for control by First Nations of education in the system with procurements for possible complete independence over education and toward that end, it called for First Nations representation on local school boards serving First Nation understudies. The Federal government did not implement policies that would have empowered First Nation communities to produce and gain the knowledge needed to accept full control of their education frameworks and it was prepared to delegate fractional control over education to First Nations communities. The implementation of the policy of Indian Control of Education has not been without its challenges. Among the key criticisms has been that Indian control has often meant little more that First Nations administration of federal education programs and policies. Pre-1980 policies showed a few several classic characteristics of a colonial relationship. They forced a non-First-Nation orientation of education, debased First Nation dialects, histories, culture, and indicated results that were assimilative in nature. Post-1980 approaches advanced First Nations control of instruction in the connection of a model of mix of First Nations understudies inside existing common conveyance system of educational administrations and projects. First
Frist, federalism is the division of power between the provinces and the federal government (Cutler 2010, 3). As well, Federal systems tend to be made up of multiple parts, which do not necessarily work together (Brock 2008, 3). There has been an increase on the study of federalism in recent years, which has created a more in-depth look at how federalism impacts the government. (Farfard Rocher 2009, 294). There are two aspects of federalism and both of them put limitations on the influence of the prime minister. The first is called political asymmetry; this encompasses the various attitudes of the different provinces such as the culture, economic, social and political conditions and how it shapes the relationship between the provincial and federal governments (Brock 2008, 4). This can create a problem for the federal government because it means that they may ha...
The creation of the Residential Schools is now looked upon to be a regretful part of Canada’s past. The objective: to assimilate and to isolate First Nations and Aboriginal children so that they could be educated and integrated into Canadian society. However, under the image of morality, present day society views this assimilation as a deliberate form of cultural genocide. From the first school built in 1830 to the last one closed in 1996, Residential Schools were mandatory for First Nations or Aboriginal children and it was illegal for such children to attend any other educational institution. If there was any disobedience on the part of the parents, there would be monetary fines or in the worst case scenario, trouble with Indian Affairs.
Canada was once a colony of Britain and was under the form of monarchy. As a country, Canada’s ability was shown during First World War. As Canada is growing stronger and stronger, we slowly are developing our own identity, why should Canada give up on everything we established and still stays in the tie with British. By maintaining the ties with U.K, Canada will not gain any benefits, instead we might cause unnecessary troubles for other countries.
Both Hart and Anaquod were subjected to the cultural assimilation and social isolation that was part of the Canadian government’s policy to “kill the Indian in the child.” Where the goal to transform Indigenous children into productive members of society shifted to abuse and the church and government covering up the secrets of abuse is sitting on a blurred line. On June 11, 2008, the current Prime Minister of Canada, Stephen Harper, made a statement of apology to former students of Indian Residential Schools, on behalf of the Government of Canada for the previous government’s actions. “The government of Canada now recognizes that it was wrong to forcibly remove children from their homes and we apologize for having done this,” Harper said. “We now recognize that it was wrong to separate children from rich and vibrant cultures and traditions, that it created a void in many lives and communities and we apologize for having done this.” Harper noted that many former students have died and are unable to hear the government’s
O DODSON, Edward. “Canada: an idea that must survive”. Online at: http://www.uni.ca/livreouvert/dodson_e.html , consulted on February 9, 2004.
Although federalism is an ideal mechanism for a multinational country such as Canada, two constitutional matters come into conflict over the status of Quebec in Canada. First, Quebec has asymmetrical powers that give the province the jurisdiction to “preserve and promote its identity in economic and social circumstances” (Choudhry, 2007). In other words, it is within Quebec’s jurisdiction to take measures that protect the francophone society of the province including the language used in the public sector and education as well as having significant control over the immigration policy in the province (Choudhry, 2007). However, the asymmetrical powers of Quebec could be regarded as a form of discrimination towards other provinces as no other province has such special arrangements (Choudhry, 2007). Second, although the constitution does not explicitly state it, Quebec is indirectly recognized as a distinct society as certain parts of the constitution make clear the distinctiveness of Quebec.
As Bakvis writes, “the transformation of Canada’s university system… came about largely through the effort of the federal government alone,” (Bakvis 205). There are a few key abnormalities to this statement, one being pertinent to the CA 1867. When one looks at the constitution, under sections 91 and 92, anyone remotely well-versed in Canadian politics would know that those two sections outline w...
• W. S. Livingston: “Federalism is a function not of constitutions but of societies” o Political systems perceived as superstructures devoid of autonomy and lacking independent coercive and moulding power vis-a-vis their environment • Thesis: Canadian federalism is not a function of societies, but of constitutions, more specifically the governments that work the constitution • Establishment of the federal system in 1867 led to competitive political and bureaucratic elites at two separate levels of government, federal and provincial, who possess jurisdictional, financial, administrative, and political resources for their own interests • Preservation of jurisdictional competence and territorial integrity is necessary for the survival of