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Organizational development theories pdf
Characteristics of organizational development
Organizational development theories pdf
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Building a harmonious culture in the workplace is directly related to the process of value-driven human systems. The practice of Organizational Development is an evolving process that highlights the future development of the organization. The past four modules have provided the knowledge and the expertise regarding Pacifine and the four frames found in Reframing Organizations by Bolman and Deal which include: structural, human resources, political, and symbolic. Every company or department is pressed to find the best way to manage, perform, and achieve success. Even though Pacifine is a fictions company that our class uses to work through exercises and to help us understand the four frames Organizational Development.
The first module introduced us to the current issues and problems Pacifine was facing by exploring their past and present organizational charts. According to Bolman and Deal in Reframing Organizations, the Structural Frame’s premise is outlined as: (1) Organizations exist to achieve established goals and objectives, (2) Organizations increase efficiency and enhance performance through specialization and appropriate division of labor, (3) Organizations work best when rationality prevails over personal agendas and extraneous pressures, (4) Effective structures fit an organization’s current circumstances, and (5) Troubles arise and performance suffers from structural deficits.
According to the text, an organizations structure is the “sanctioned expectations and exchanges” among internal players like executives, managers, and employees and external constituents such as customers, competitors, and regulating agencies. Two issues arise when considering structural design: (1) How to allocate work and (2) How to coordinate...
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...es advantages, but also comes with certain weaknesses. The structural frame ignores outsiders, the human resource frame can over emphasize growth and collaboration, the political frame breeds mistrust, and the symbolic frame could be viewed as a bandage to cover real problems.
The criteria on deciding which frame to use include assessing: 1) Are commitment and motivation essential to success? 2) Are ambiguity and uncertainty high? 3) Are conflict and scarce resources significant? and 4) Are you working from the bottom up? We also have to keep in perspective that it is not all about choosing the correct frame, but using all of them to get a full picture. Using a wide lens to take a look at picture using all frames is what promotes leadership. Single frame leaders will fail, but good leaders will take multiple looks at the situation to find the best frame to apply.
The Organisation structure of a company addresses the fact that every organisation has specific units that are responsible for different roles and actions in the organisation and that no department within the organisation stands alone, they are intertwined. The organisational chart or structure should be designed to divide up the work load, responsibilities and roles to be done
Our four-frame analysis (Figure 3 above) reveals that TM, like any other modern large corporation, places heavy emphasis on the structural frame. Other frame elements are also present, for example, career development and training programmes are evidence of HR frame use, as well as deployment of a re-branding exercise and other symbolic rituals to provide symbolic frame elements. We may also make inferences that the political frame is also in play from agenda-setting, ambiguity and uncertainty caused by the rationalization and reorganization leading to scarcity of resources and internal conflict, and signing of a collective agreement to denote bargaining and negotiation.
The structural frame considers that right roles and relationship for people working in an organization to be one of the main keys to success. According to Bolman and Deal (2008), organizations are characterized by goals and objectives, well defined structure and division of labor, various forms of coordination and control, rational conduct and policies. These features help to make an organization more efficient and improve its performance. When an organization faces problems, they are resolved through analysis and restructuring.
Mr. Torbett, in the case about the Home Builders Institute (HBI), I noticed some key problems related to the Structural, Human Resources, Political and Symbolic frames. I will go through each of these problems in order to identify which frame it relates to, what the problem is, why it was caused, a recommendation for fixing the problem and any possible ramifications. This will provide some potential future step as you progress in your journey at HBI.
In any organization, effective management is difficult to achieve and maintain. Analyzing organizations from multiple perspectives allows people to better understand the system and potential issues involved and to identify solutions. Bolman and Deal utilize a four-frame approach focusing on the structural frame, human resource frame, political frame, and symbolic frame.1
Meyer , J. W. , and Rowan , B. “ Institutionalized Organizations: Formal Structure as Myth
Nonetheless, perception by both parties require framing; it will keep myself and the organization focused with a common goal and a well-structured plan to get there. Incorporating
In order for one to evaluate and identify with the diverse business structures, he/she must be aware of the meaning and standards that makes that structure. Various businesses functions in different ways as the world is full of technology and new structures, company cultures and new ways in which companies are run. In order to fully grasp the concepts of Organizational structure and culture in the movies, I will use the Movie Up in the Air and The Devil Wear Prada movies to analyze a business scenario from them.
Organizational structure is one of the three key organizational assets that could contribute to the effectiveness of operations of any organization (Zheng, Yan and Mclean 2009) It is joined together by different flows of information, decision processes, hierarchy of authority, specialization and working materials. (Enz 2009; Mintzberg 1980) Furthermore, it also determines the operating workflow, control of information, decision-making in the organization and the line authority (Mintzberg 1980). The facets of the organizational structure, the relationships that exist within it, and how the business processes (Bititci et al 2011) are controlled, determine the managerial style that should be utilized in addition to the strategies the organization could implement. Going further, a company’s organizational design and the parts that constitute it are seen as a contributing factor to superior performance, which ultimately provide an organization with competitive advantage over its competitors. (Enz 2009; Zheng, Yang, and Mclean 2009)
Organizational Change "The effectiveness of organizational change is greatest when a firm’s strategy is consistent with environmental conditions and there is internal consistency." (D A Nadler, 2003:204) The only thing that is constant in this world is change and this is widely acknowledged by many in the world, may it be a corporation or a social forum or a governmental body. What comes in this world has to experience change in the light of environmental elements and pressures and influences, internal or external. The study of organizational behavior gives that environmental factors are the political, legal, economic, demographic, technological, social and societal. While these are the external environmental factors that are and cannot be counted among the controllable factors for an organization, they do in fact influence organizational structure, policies and strategies. In turn, the internal environment of the organization, that is very much controlled by the management of the organization and comprises of the top to bottom managerial levels, the staff, the employees, the board of directors, the owners etc. this internal environment, is to a great extent the result of external environmental factors, the change of which results in the direct impact on the internal environment of the organization. As such in lieu of external environmental factors; change agents with in the organization tend to accept the change in their external factors and tries to bring about a compatible change within the internal environment of the organization. The effectiveness of the change that is being brought about with in the organization as a result of the changing external environmental forces is best when, as described by Nadler, the internal facto...
Organizations must operate within structures that allow them to perform at their best within their given environments. According to theorists T. Burns and G.M Stalker (1961), organizations require structures that will allow them to adapt and react to changes in the environment (Mechanistic vs Organic Structures, 2009). Toyota Company’s corporate structure is spelt out as one where the management team and employees conduct operations and make decisions through a system of checks and balances.
The Barings’ case is a perfect example of the consequences that incongruence, or lack of alignment between strategy and the four organizational building blocks (critical tasks and work flows, formal organizational arrangements, people and culture) can have on a company’s performance.
Organizational structure is the way that an organization arranges people and jobs so that work can be performed and goals can be achieved. Good organizational design helps communications, productivity, and innovation. Many organization structures have been created based on organizational strategy, size, technology, and environment. Robbins and Judge (2011, p. 504) listed three common structures: simple, bureaucracy, and matrix. In this post the author will describe the matrix structure, and discuss its advantages and disadvantages.
It was found that the organizational culture to influence the workers' commitment and identification with the group and organization, as well as their sense of involvement with their work tasks (Ruigrok, 1999). The issue of change and culture, and there is solid documentation that overlook the organizational culture and obstructing efforts to change the organizational performance. Study of past failures in development efforts points to the role of organizational culture as a crucial would consider the change (Souza, Bouza et.
Organizational structure within an organization is a critical component of the day to day operations of a business. An organization benefits from organizational structure as a result of all it encompasses. It is used to define how tasks are divided, grouped and coordinated. Six elements should be addressed during the design of the organization’s structure: work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, spans of control, centralization and decentralization. These components are a direct reflection of the organization’s culture, power and politics.