Birth Rate, Death Rate And Dequation Rate

Topic: Definition of terms

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1. Birth rate, death rate and fertility rate

Birth rate is the overall number of births occurring per every 1,000 people in a year. It is often a times referred to as crude birth rate and is gives an impression of the ratio of total births to the total population in a certain region over a one year period. It is calculated by through ways such as; getting live births statistics from a universal system of births registration, statistics of deaths, and population size from census, marriages and also estimation by means of specialized techniques- estimation techniques. Death rate on the other hand is the number of deaths per a 1,000 subset of a population- also called fatality rate or mortality rate or crude mortality rate; when it gives a general overview of the deaths across the whole population without narrowing down to causes the same or the age brackets or life stages of the victims. Crude death and birth rates are used to calculate the size of populations. Lastly, fertility rate is the total number of children that a woman may give birth to over her lifetime. This however is premised upon the assumption that the woman survives through to end of her reproductive life and that she bears the children in tandem with the schedule of age-specific rates of fertility.

2. Growth rate, infant mortality rate

Growth rate is the rate at which the population changes over a period of time- either increasing or decreasing. It is normally the net difference between crude birth rates, crude death rates and rate of immigration. In essence, it gives the ratio by which the number of persons in a population rises or drops over a certain duration of time against the total number p...

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...lity to produce without surpassing the growth potential or the growth level of the resources. There is usually no definite approach to calculating this as different resources will have unique abilities to produce or abilities replace the worth of their depleted value. For instance, in the context of wildlife, sustainable yield would be calculated at the level where the wildlife would be able to reproduce amongst themselves such that their consumption by human beings does not render them extinct. Sustainability on the other hand is the hand is taking measures that are aimed at protecting the natural environment. This notion emphasizes more on preserving the capability of the environment to support human life indefinitely. It is advocates for restrained exploitation of the natural resources so as not to deplete- use them sparingly for the sake of future generations.