Biomolecules Essay

BIOMOLECULES:

Biomolecules are tiny part that takes place naturally in living organisms. Biomolecules consist of large particles. It also include small molecules like primary and secondary metabolites and natural goods. Biomolecules consists primarily of carbon and hydrogen with nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, and phosphorus. Biomolecules are very huge molecules of many atoms, that are covalently bound together.

Explanation

All forms of life are composed only of biomolecules. For example, humans have skin and hair. The main part of hair is keratin , an agglomeration of proteins which are themselves polymersbuilt from amino acids.

Characteristics of Biomolecules:

Organic compounds and they have particular shapes and proportions. Chemical properties are determined by functional group and mostly asymmetric. They are composed of small building blocks and have planar structure.

IMPORTANT BIOMOLECULES OF LIFE:

CARBOHYDRATES:

Carbohydrates defined as polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones,or as substances that yield compounds on hydrolysis.Many carbohydrates have the empirical formula (CH2O)n where n is 3 or larger.this is also known as hydrates of carbon.

CLASSIFICATION OF CARBOHYDRATES:

Carbohydrates can be classified into three types according to their no. of sugars

MONOSACCHARIDES:

Monosaccharides are simple sugars that cannot be hydrolyzed into smaller units.The simplest monosaccharides are glyceraldehydes anh acetone. Both of these sugars are trioses because they contain three carbon atom.

Dihydroxy acetone

Fructose, ribulose, etc are examples of monosaccharides.

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... Interface between the bases in which strands are bound to each other. The two strands of DNA are bound to each other by hydrogen bonds. The nucleotides on one strand base pairs with other. The secondary structure of the DNA is mainly the base pairing of the two polynucleotide strands.

TERTIARY STRUCTURE:

Complete chain is folded into three dimension structure is called tertiary structure. It ranges differ in four structural forms: Left or right handedness. level of the turn of the helix. Number of base pairs per turn. The multiplicity in size between major and the minor groove.

QUATERNARY STRUCTURE:

Quaternary structure is the complex level of organization of the nucleic acids. This organization refers to the exchanges of the nucleic acids with the other molecules.