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Gender inequality in the workforce
Ending sexism in the workplace
Gender inequality in the workforce
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Week 8
Acker’s study of Gendered organisations and intersectionality concerns the understanding of inequalities within gender processes in organisations. This remarkable piece of literature addresses the importance of the “gender gap” and the invisible assumptions in the lives of organisations of men and women. Acker focuses on understanding the processes of gendered inequalities and why the prevalence of the identified “gap” between men and women’s segregation of jobs, hierarchy positions and the wage gap survive in such powerful feminist movements. In many organisations gender segregation and wage gaps is identified as issue for debate. The issue is evident when males are grouped in higher roles and paid out much more whilst women would
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Acker (2012)’ s phrase of “Manage it like a man” tends to place constant pressures and altered gender identities in those jobs men are supposedly better in. Although many would be surprised that those positions of “masculinity” women are seen to be growing and succeeding in. A scene in the movie “Dead pool”, a violent struggle the main persona quotes “This is so confusing … is it sexist to hit you or is it more sexist to not hit you? This made me question that the gender gap may be evident in corporate organisations but it can also be deemed as a societal norm. Meaning there could possibly always be that gendered segregation and division in many diverse organisations despite the role/ position they play in. Interactions on the job (Acker,2012) often produce and reproduce gendered substructures between those of different levels in the organisation hierarchy, mainly where issues arise. Women are often belittled in interactions with colleagues, particularly groups that are male dominated, sexuality issues that are exploitive, harassing or just joking around are simply all clear examples of gender differences within interactions. Gender analysis has been mentioned as incomplete as it ignores the whole process of …show more content…
Main issue mentioned was the occurrence of discrimination and exclusion. As being a traumatized society these workers still receive the discrimination exclusion of work entitlements postcolonial period. With the implementation of the structural adjustment program in 1991 leading to retrenchment and casualization of workers under their system has resulted in jobs that weren’t secure. Till today this exploitation still exists in the culture of badli workers. The main issue is that these badli workers weren’t experiencing such economic inequality but simply the lack of access to social, political and civil entitlements. This meant that what was provided for majority of the society was simply lacking for the Badli workers, these are concerning issues of fairness and social justice. These workers need their fair share of equality when it comes to generating these entitlements however due to exploitation the badli system is corrupt and will take a while for an instant change to occur. The author’s conducted a research of 6984 workers that were employed in the jute mills, half were permanent and the other half were classified as badli. Gathering observations and discussions of these badli workers, the author was able to encapsulate their perceptions of being in the state of inequality. Results had established that each badli worker was
In the article “Sex Segregation at Work: Persistence and Change” by Anastasia Prokos explores ideas around the challenges and reasons of sex segregation in the work place. She argues that even though the United States has made several steps in the right direction throughout our history, there is still “… women and men in the contemporary United States continue to be concentrated in different occupations, jobs, and industries” (Prokos 564). She is presenting this as a social problem that leads to stereotypes, discrimination, and unequal pay.
...that so much of the discourse is centered on women within fictional workplace sitcoms like The Mary Tyler Moore Show, Murphy Brown, 30 Rock, and Parks and Recreation, I will examine how gender stratification in the fictional realm is a reflection of the real life gender stratification that continues today. I will examine case studies by reputable scholars that reflect gender preference of the people in positions of power at work as well as the reasons why. I will also review scholarly journals that discuss the expectations of gender roles, and how women are shamed or stigmatized for succeeding at tasks that are generally assumed to me masculine. This section will offer an explanation as to why successful, career oriented; females in positions of power are still preferred to stay within traditional gender roles, whether it is in real life or reflected on television.
“Feminism is both an intellectual commitment and a political movement that seeks justice for women and the end of sexism in all forms” (Baptiste). Just as in the past, feminism continues to act as a controversial issue among men and women. In the 1960’s, women finally addressed workplace inequity and created woman organizations to achieve equality. In the early 1960’s, the Equal Pay Act and the Civil Rights Act set a milestone for women’s progression towards work equality. Though women have made great leaps towards true equality, women still face many challenges and continue to be categorized as the subservient gender.
This research paper will take a symbolic interactionist perspective to contrast the different leadership prejudices of men and women in the workplace. The age-old debate of inequality for women in executive position will now be examined through online periodicals that show gender stereotypes in the workforce, different strategies men and women use to break the glass ceiling of the workplace, a focus on the interactions and reactions of a male Chief Executive Officer (CEO) versus a female CEO, leadership prejudices among women and women, and various studies regarding leadership of men and women. Because of stereotyping, very little focus is on men within the workplace. However, research shows that male workers face stereotyping as well as women. Therefore, a concentration on this matter will be focused within this paper. The paper concludes that both men and women face stereotypes that hinder, to some extent, their balance of work and family lives. Contrary to some stereotypes, women are proven to have just as powerful executive leadership qualities as men (Hackbarth, 2012).
For the purpose of understanding and combating inequality in organizations, Joan Acker has produced an analysis towards a concern with the way gender intersects with other categories of identity such as race and class. In this paper, I introduce and analyze Acker’s theory of “inequality regimes” and how it produces organizing patterns of oppression and inequality in work organizations. First, I will define what are “inequality regimes” according to Acker and how the term relates to the concept of intersectionality. Secondly, the paper will adhere to the outstanding degree of inequalities and the level of severity they establish in a work setting. Lastly, I will include an interpretation of how inequality regimes can be challenged and why they
Critics of feminist studies of men often argue that the politics to change values and behaviour need to come from men themselves, because feminist women’s long efforts against gender discrimination, misogyny, sexual harassment, rape, battering, and male violence have often created backlash and stubborn resistance from men (Lorber, 2012, 274). If men do not fight for what they want they will not see change, it will not be handed to them as many things have already been. Although, the question presumes, why would men want to change something that they feel is just fine? This is where controversy takes place. A change must occur in order for things to be equal. Men do not always have to be the breadwinners; On the other hand, areas that seemed to indicate potential gender equality – fatherhood and men doing “women’s work” – have ironically restored gender inequality. This refers to the racialized glass escalator. Where men who do women’s work have reliable preferences in the working environment, such that even in occupations where men are numerical in minorities they are likely to enjoy higher wages and faster promotions (Lorber, 2012, p.264) In addition, men get daddy bonuses when they become fathers while women workers suffer a motherhood penalty in reduced wages (Lorber, 2012, 274). Limitations such as these reinforce gender
Parcheta, N., Kaifi, B., & Khanfar, N. (2013). Gender Inequality in the Workforce: A Human Resource Management Quandary. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly, 4(3), 240-248.
Femininity dimension are the roles and behaviors according to gender (Hall, 2014). There are some masculine and feminine cultures that behave differently. Masculine cultures represent “achievement, heroism, assertiveness and material rewards for success”. (National Culture) In comparison the feminine culture represents “cooperation, modesty, caring for the weak and quality of life”. (National Culture) I am unfortunately seeing many similarities between most European business units and the U.S. when it comes to this dimension because there are many males in management and VP positions. I don’t see or interact with many females in upper management or beyond. I’ve found that in our industry of medical software and hardware, the field is currently predominately male. There are many software engineers and field service engineers (working on equipment) helping the company grow the software and service our equipment in the
Women face an unofficial barrier called the glass ceiling, which limits how high a women can advance in a profession. “Women holding the titles of chairman, CEO, COO (chief operating officer), and executive vice president remain at about 7 percent of the population of executives in the United States” (Hoobler, Wayne, & Lemmon, 2009). Women seem to have more of a family-work conflict then men, so bosses don’t seem to have as much desire, to promote females compared to men (Hoobler, Wayne, & Lemmon 939-940). Men still view women as having a social role, examples are cooking, childcare, and household chores. Men feel threatened, and scared when females are able to handle both work and their personal life. Excuses are created by men, where they believe females should focus on one role, because they won’t be able to accomplish family roles and work roles efficiently. Women can help themselves with this issue of family-work conflict, by, improving communication with their employers. Women can communicate to their employer, by explaining and clarifying their expectations on how much workload they can
Sexism is a major factor in the workforce.Today male and female have a hard time breaking into the opposite gender dominated fields. This has happened because of the media, it has showed us that male have certain “right” jobs, as well as female. Female still dominate traditional female professions like cosmetology jobs are 92.9 percent women working them(Wolfe). If a man were to get into cosmetology they would most likely be judged for having that job, because we stereotype that they can't have a feminine job. Women have a harder time getting into high level positions. “Women make up only 21 of the S&P’s 500 CEOs,” (Berman). This has happened because the media has set in place stereotypes that it is wrong for women to have high level positions. It is getting better, in 2013 women chief financial officers increased 35 percent at large U.S. companies from 2012 (Frier and Hymowitz). The job market for men and women is still unfair but it is starting to get equal.
Joan Acker. “Hierarchies, Jobs, Bodies: A Theory of Gendered Organizations.” Gender and Society, v. 4 (1990), pp. 139-158.
Since men and women work closely in the workplace today, there are many complaints addressing the differences in the genders. Simma Lieberman addresses these differences in her article, “Better Communication Between Men and Women in the Workplace: Some Useful Tips”. Men tend to think that women take things too seriously, are slow in getting down to business, and try to be “one of the boys”. A complaint that women give about men is that they are being labeled names such as: “girls”, “honey”, and “darlin”. Other complaints are that men make women into objects, making decisions about work with other men and not including the women, and using expressions that only use sports, violence or sexual connotations s...
Discourses of Work-Life Balance: Negotiating ‘Genderblind’ Term in Organizations/ Smithson, Janet, Stokoe, Elizabeth H./ Gender, Work & Organization Vol. 12, Issue 2, p-147- 168, March 2005
Gender stratification is the cuts across all aspects of social life and social classes. It refers to the inequality distribution of wealth, power and privilege between men and women at the basis of their sex. The world has been divided and organized by gender, which are the behavioural differences between men and women that are culturally learnt (Appelbaum & Chambliss, 1997:218). The society is in fact historically shaped by males and the issue regarding the fact has been publicly reverberating through society for decades and now is still a debatably hot topic. Men and women have different roles and these sex roles, defined to be the set of behaviour’s and characteristics that are standard for each gender in a society (Singleton, 1987) are deemed to be proper in the eyes of the society. They are as a matter of fact proper but as time move on, the mind-set of women changes as well, women also want to move on. However the institutional stratification by the society has become more insidious that the stereotypical roles have created a huge barrier between men and women. These barriers has affected women in many aspects such as minimizing their access on a more superior position in workforce organization, limits their ownership of property and discriminates them from receiving better attention and care.
It can be concluded that women are treated in terms of stereotyped impressions of being the lowest class and greater evidence can be found that there are large disparities between the women and the men 's class. It can be seen that women are more likely to play casual roles as they are most likely to take seasonal and part time work so that they can work according to their needs. They are hampered from progressing upward into the organizations as they face problems like lack of health insurance, sexual harassments, lower wage rates, gender biases and attitudes of negative behavior. However, this wouldn’t have hampered the participation of the women in the work force and they continue to increase their efforts which is highly evident in the occupational and job ratios of females in the industry.