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Study of mental and behavior process
Factors influence decision making
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Casey goes to an amusement park with her classmates from psychology and is put in a maze. They blindfold her and spin her until she loses all sense of direction, then they take off the blindfold and she has to try and make her way out of the giant wall maze. There are many factors that Casey will use that will either assist or impede her efforts to exit the maze. Some of factors are top-down processing, functional fixedness, means-end analysis, confirmational bias and bottom-up processing. Top-down processing is when our brain uses information we already know and that has been brought to us by at least one of our sensory systems. This is a factor that can assist Casey in finding her way out of the maze. Due to the fact that she has knowledge and expectations of what the maze is like, this will allows her If this maze happens to be like any other ordinary maze that Casey has been to, then this factor can help her find her way out. This is possible because she already has an idea of how to get out of the maze based off the previous mazes she has been on. However, if this isn’t like the other mazes that she has been to, this may negatively impact her strategy of escaping the maze, thus making it more difficult for her. Means-end analysis is another one of the factors that can be useful to finding her way out of the maze. Means-end analysis can be described as foreseeing the end goal or the or end result and working backwards and creating a strategy to achieve it. In this case the end goal if for Casey to exit the maze. With that in mind, she can think of a strategy to find the best way out, using the previous factors, top-down processing and functional fixedness. She will use the knowledge that she already has and the knowledge she just learned to come up with a plan to escape the
to it because his fate did not lead him there. Billy applied the fact that he had to accept
A Behaviorist believes that all behavior is the result of activated stimuli based off of an individual’s environment. Therefore, his counselor would analyze and observe the various stimuli affecting Jake’s life and see if they were similar to the factors known
The twenty Gladers that survived came face-to-face with the Creators who appeared thin, pale, and joyless adults who look over the Glade behind a piece of glass. One of them congratulated the successful Gladers who found a way out of the Maze. Alongside one of the Creators was a young boy named Gally who was once a Glader. Gally pulled out a knife and decided to throw a knife at Thomas. Chuck jumped right in front of Thomas causing the knife to plunge right through his body. This enraged Thomas so much that he beat Gally to the ground almost killing him. Police officers came, swarming the Creators and then handcuffing them along with Gally. The officers placed the Gladers on a bus to drive them home. During the trip, Thomas was told that the Creators put people into the Maze for something called the Maze trials. The people who were able to escape the Maze were the most intelligent ones. These people were used to save everyone from The Flare. Thomas learned on the bus ride that the world has been ravaged by unknown solar flares and a disease called The Flare. He also found out that the Creators used the Gladers to find people that were intelligent enough to find a way to defeat The Flare and save humanity. And Thomas was one of
Using the four mechanisms to analyze my bedroom, it shows that they are able link individuals to the environments they live in. Sometimes it may not be accurate because we pretend that we have certain kinds of personality. For example, someone putting up a Yale poster to pretend that he is a Yale student and smart. However, the four mechanisms are still a useful tool to link individuals to the environments they live
Ciccarelli, S. K., & White, J. N. (2012). Psychology (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hey you, Yeah… YOU! Would you want to live in a society where you live in a box for your entire life, and mean absolutely nothing to the just about anyone? For science right? NOPE! Obviously, Societies fall as a result of a corrupt government, Failing Social Structure, and Sickness. It is due to these factors that many great societies such as Greece, Rome, and the society depicted in the book Maze Runner fall.
Film is a form of storytelling, and all stories are, in essence recycled, contemporary films must modernize a story of the past to make it accessible to modern audiences. This is the case with the film, Pan’s Labyrinth. The myth of “Theseus and the Minotaur” has been rewritten and modernized in the 2006 film, Pan’s Labyrinth. The myth “Theseus and the Minotaur” and the morals that exist within it, present a context in which it will be possible to interpret and analyze the film Pan’s Labyrinth as a modern day rewriting of the myth.
Mischel, Walter, and Yuichi Shoda. 1998. "Reconciling Processing Dynamics." The Annual Review of Psychology 49: 229-58.
In Jorge Luis Borges' "Garden of Forking Paths", we find the protagonist as a Chinese English professor Yu Tsun who is a spy for the German army, obviously chased by his enemy, Richard Madden who is an Irishman at the service of the English army. At first glance, Yu Tsun may seem to be a "loyal" member of the German army but he manifests a characteristic throughout the story as being the oppressed member of the army. It seems that Yu Tsun shows a "desperate desire of the oppressed to be accepted by its oppressors." Yu Tsun doesn't care about Germany which imposed upon him the objection of being a spy. He even refers to the chief as a sick and hateful man and that he only needs to prove to him that a "yellow man" could save his armies. It's ironic because it clearly shows that Yu Tsun is oppressed because of his race (Yellow=Chinese) and yet he still serves the one oppressing him and even seeks its approval. He seems to be struggling in a Labyrinth of oppression, forever lost within its walls. This is just one of the Labyrinths that Yu Tsun is engaged/ trapped in. The story speaks about a certain Labyrinth, that which is related to Tsui Pen, a book which is composed of different chapters that seem to be diverging from a single path which also creates its own diverging paths. This particular part in the story challenges/ questions the common notion of time as being a linear process and instead raises a possibility of history branching out in an endless number of diverse directions at each spot in time; every space-time node as the midpoint of a system of branching or forking paths, an ever-recurring moment/place of selection with profound effects on and links to everything else. The book represents a Labyrinth of time "where all possible outcomes occur; each one is the point of departure for other forkings which sometimes converge" ( 22). Also, before going inside Albert's house, Yu Tsun got lost in the garden, which seemed like a maze. This is the result of his pondering over his ancestor's Labyrinth; Getting caught in this maze allowed the reader to reflect over a different perspective about real life. This maze represented the numerous paths that a person can travel and all of the outcomes from these paths. Thus, I can infer that the imagination is one of the representations of the Labyrinth.
The novel The Maze Runner by James Dashner begins with a teenage boy waking up in an elevator who has no memory of the past, only that his name is Thomas. When the doors of the elevator open up he is pulled into a humongous square surrounding, called the Glade, by a group of teenage boys. The boys in the Glade refer to themselves as the ‘Gladers’. Thomas learns that the Gladers have lived in there for two years and that the Glade is located in the center of a maze which contains a labyrinth of high walls that move during the night and deadly creatures called grievers. The Glade is led by two boys, Alby and Newt; they both maintain order in the Glade by enforcing strict rules and jobs that keep the Gladers busy. A day after Thomas’ arrival an unknown girl arrives in the Glade. This shocks everyone because the Gladers only receive a new person every month, never within the same week. This also shocks everyone because she was the only girl in a maze full of boys. The girl also gives a message that everything is going to change and that she is the last one ever. Right after her message she immediately falls into a coma. The arrival of the girl causes many things to go chaotic including the sun seizing to rise, the Gladers stop receiving supplies from the creators of the maze, and the doors of the Glade that protect the Gladers from the grievers at night stop closing. When the girl, Teresa wakes up she informs Thomas that they both knew each other in the past and that the maze was a code. Thomas and the people who run around the maze to map out the labyrinth, the runners, look through the archives of the maps and find out the code. Then the leader of the runners, Minho, figures out that the cliff they thought was just a cliff was actua...
sense, have to use) techniques that come from psychological theories. They key here is to
Richard Gregory came up with the top-down process theory in 1970. His theory states that perception is a hypothesis and you make your best guess on what you’re seeing/ perceiving. He also makes the point that when we perceive things we use prior know facts, information, experiences, or memories to infer them. (Gregory, 1966) The top-down process is like reading. If you are trying to understand the whole page, you would need to read the beginning, middle, and end, instead of trying to understand based on two or three sentences. Gregory also argues that we lose around 90% of visual information before it reaches the brain to be processed. (Gregory, 1966). This would explain visual illusions. In 1935, John Ridley
Regarding punishment in the two-factor theory, this Pavlovian conditioning must bring about fear within the subject. When the punished response is made the subject will experience fear, however, should the subject experience any response other than the punishment res...
Thorndike’s time in college and career did not pass without noticeable contribution or recognition. Galef (1998) wrote, “Thorndike's methods are so widely used in the behavioral sciences today that it is difficult to imagine that they once needed a champion” (p. 1129). During Thorndike’s time in Harvard, he developed theories from observing behaviors exhibited by animals. Thorndike found the animals used in his puzzle box tests demonstrated less insight than repeating accidental events in realizing ways to exit. This trial and error learning written in Thorndike’s dissertatio...
...ividuals understand how their minds process auditory and visual information and potential biases that contributes to certain kinds of behaviors. As individuals become increasingly aware of their biases, they begin to question and examine them through rational decision making process in order to alter or improve their behaviors by making better decisions.