Introduction
Project Management is defined as an organized approach which aims to bear client anticipations, in order to accomplish the requested advanced business value (Wysocki, 2014). Since the 1950’s methods and procedures were applied in a uniform way to every project from the smallest to the largest (Špundak, 2014). Their success is certain in some industries (Badewi, 2016) (Kozak - Holland, 2010). A rapid growth of complex new technologies and innovations is indisputable (Saynisch, 2010a). Important changes propose new aspects for project management (Saynisch, 2010b). Traditional project management practices that have been used years now, known as PM 1.0 are challenged and new project management practices PM 2.0 come in the surface.
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The traditional project management tools like Earned Value Management, PRINCE 2, Lifecycle Management, PMBOK, are designed for linear projects, stable in a known environment (Dalcher, 2014).
Modern Project Management – Second order Project Management Methodology
Modern project management applies first order tools to the dynamic and constantly changing environment of a project, but in addition deploys a wide range of additional techniques and methods – when needed – and even “breaking” the first order rules on purpose (Dalcher, 2014). According to (Kerzner, 2015) PM 2.0 came from those project managers involved in software development projects. PM 2.0 can be defined by the formula:
PM 2.0 = PM 1.0 + distributed collaboration
Agile Project Management and Lean management are famous modern management methods. According to (Mah, 2008), Agile Project Management is applied in more than 80% of global firms and large public-sector
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In traditional project management, project managers were given little authority to make decisions, as almost of them were made from the project sponsors, it was a relationship mostly of command and control (Blaskovics, 2014). Whereas in modern project management, the project manager is seen as a leader, not as a taskmaster, as instead of setting strict instructions for the team to follow the project manager enhance the team (Haas, 2007). According to (Whitworth & Biddle, 2007) modern project management is characterized from the collaborative development between all team members and the customer to deliver the required from the client result. The major advantage in modern project management to the traditional project management is the continuous feedback and improvement. The project management teams learning from previous cycle improves their methods into the next rather than discussing lessons learned in the end of the project (Salameh,
Agile project management is an iterative approach to the planning and monitoring of project processes. Agile projects are conducted in smaller tranches called iterations with each of these iterations closely reviewed and critiqued by the project team (employees, representatives of the clients etc.). The knowledge gained from this process is then used to ascertain the next steps of the
Gray, C., Larson, E. (2008). Project Management: The managerial Process. New York, NY: The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc.
A project is a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique product or service. They are goal oriented, have a definite start and finish time, must be done within cost, schedule and quality parameters. Projects involve the coordinated undertaking of interrelated activities (Project Management: Achieving Competitive Advantage). According to Tom Peters, “Projects, rather than repetitive tasks, are now the basis for most value-added in business”. Based on this, it is clear that projects are of utmost importance to businesses in both the service and the manufacturing industries.
This study aims to find the relationship between leadership performance style and project success and to research that whether the project success is influenced by leadership style. According to Belout and Gauvreau (2004), “Nowadays, project management has become a key activity in most modern organizations. Projects usually have a wide variety of objectives, involve numerous internal and external actors, and are conducted in various activity sectors”. Many researchers have agreed that project leadership is one of the most crucial elements of a project’s success. There are many views on leadership and according to Dulewicz and Higgs (2005), leadership has been studied more than any other aspect of human behavior. Higgs (2003) identified six
Project Management Institute (PMI) (2013). Project Management Professional (PMP) Handbook. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.pmi.org/certification/~/media/pdf/certifications/pdc_pmphandbook.ashx. [Last Accessed 20 April 2014].
Project management has become a crucial part of any company in this twenty-first century. It not only helps the company expand and grow, but also helps target smaller segments of the operations at a time and upgrade or update it to increase productivity of that segment (Kerzner, 2013). Managing projects is a challenge every project manager faces. Finding different ways of improving a project’s management is very important. Thus, utilizing lean and Six Sigma processes can help minimize project cost and maximize productivity.
Agile movement gives alternatives to the normal way of project management. The Agile way is usually used in software development to assist businesses to react to the unpredictability.
In the globalized economy, Successful project managers are in much demand across many industries. Organizations strongly need experienced project managers to lead their staff to accomplish their business goals and deliver successful projects. In an increasingly complex environment, project managers need to turn into many roles and have all kinds of responsibilities at each level of management within an organization. Good project managers are not born. They need to be trained. They develop their skills through study, practise and experience. They become better project managers after they finish a successful project each time. They learn new techniques and apply them on their projects. They learn their lessons from failed projects and then improve to be better project managers in the future.
Project managers have to improve their skills every day to deal with the organizational change and especially the world’s Megatrends. However, it can be a challenge for a project manager to comprehend what skills they should be improved, what sections of project management knowledge that should be tried to perceive, and how to measure and enhance their performance.
Magnitude of work including the deliverable and/or goals that has to be accomplished. On the other hand, project management is a practice of applying knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to the project activities to achieve the project requirements effectively and efficiently (Heagney, 2012; Project Management Institute , 2008). A project manager is one who practises this project management. The project management, while accomplishing the project, undergoes five phases, namely Initialising
With the ever rapid changing requests needed to be developed in a short period of time demanded by business today, the traditional development methodologies such as waterfall method is no longer being an option for project managers (Livermore, 2008). Hence, agile methodology is proposed to overcome this issue. In this essay, we will be discussing on the difference between agile and traditional method, the hitches faced in agile, the things to consider when adopting agile, the project management methodologies, how tools are chosen for agile development, how testing are performed in agile environment, how developers adopt this methodology and the transitions needed to move into agile methodology.
“Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to organisational and project activities to achieve the aims of an organisation through projects” (PMI, 2003).
When planning a new project, how the project will be managed is one of the most important factors. The importance of a managers will determine the success of the project. The success of the project will be determined by how well it is managed. Project management is referred to as the discipline that entails the processes of carefully planning, organizing, controlling, and motivating the organization resources so as to foster and facilitate the achievement of specific established and desired goals and meet the specific criteria of success required in the organization (Larson, 2014). Over the course of this paper I will be discussing and analyzing the importance of project management.
Nowadays due to competition, economic pressure and mostly rapid technology changes, better ways to manage projects are being researched. Many projects are still managed ineffectively but a new trend called strategic project management is on the rise within the discipline of project management. The general idea about strategic project management is that project management teams must learn how to satisfy the business aspect of their project and support their company’s business strategy and sustainability while considering the time, budget and operational goals. Even though this approach is gaining popularity it has not become explicit in project implementation. The main aim of this paper is to provide a full definition and implementation of the project strategy concept.
Project management involves all activities that encompass scheduling, planning, and controlling projects. A successful project manager ensure that an organization’s resources are being used both efficiently and effectively. Most projects need to be uniquely developed require a sense of customization and the ability to adapt to any posed challenges. The scope of effective project management includes defining what the project is and what is being expected to be accomplished. Projects are imposed to fulfill a certain need and project managers must have the ability to create the proper definition. Goals and the means used to attain those goals have to be clearly stated. Project Managers must also have the ability to plan