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The role of religion in the Aztec life
Aztec religion research paper
Aztec religion research paper
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Tlazolteotl is the name given to the Aztec goddess of filth. She is a patroness of adulterers. She is a mother earth goddess associated with the moon. Mother of Centeotl – a maize god. She is considered the protector of the midwives, fortune tellers, and doctor women. However, other sources say that she is simply the Goddess of Witches. The depictions of her are identical to the stereotypical European depiction of witches with pointed hats and broomsticks. She exists in four different guises: four sisters that represent the different stages of life. As a young woman (Xocutzin) she is a temptress and care free. In her second, she is a destructive goddess of uncertainty. In the middle age (Tlaco) she is a powerful goddess able to consume human sin. Her final form – a terrifying hag (Tiacapan) preys upon innocent youths, and is a force of destruction. …show more content…
That being said she embodies those exact characteristics of debauchery, vice, sin, and debauchery. But with every evil there is good. She is also a goddess of purification and it is her duty to forgive those who have sinned. In Aztec law the punishment for adultery was death. However, if the offender confessed his sins to this goddess then that law could not be followed through. The only catch to this was that each person was only allowed one confession in their lifetime. According to Aztec belief, it was she who inspires the unlawful sins of love and who also forgives for the sexual misdeeds in question. She is said to be responsible for sexually transmitted infections and this was thought to be afflicted to people if they indulged in forbidden love. On a physical and moral level, this was considered incredibly unclean; however, it could be cured through a rite of purification via a steam bath or by calling upon the goddess
Infidelity was punishable with death; according to one source “even suspicion merited death”. In the court case, the witness Don Manuel Delfin admits to hearing Mrs. Bravo calling Mrs. Cadena a “whore”. This is not only a disgraceful word to her honour, but also implies that Mrs. Cadena can be seen as a threat. As a proud woman of high class, any threat to Mrs. Bravo’s husband is a threat to her as well. This (in some ways) merits her violent reaction as it spurs from overwhelming jealousy.
Witcombe further speculates that these statuettes may have served as a representation of the Mother Goddess, also referred to as Earth Mother and that the deity may have been represented in the form of a leader or matriarch.
The statue was important to not only the Aztecs but to the Spanish as well for Catholics seen she as being related to Mary, the mother of Jesus. The Coatlicue is seen as wearing a serpent skirt given the name of her meaning of the serpent skirt. Serpents meant childbirth and blood to the Aztecs which is why it is important that she wears a serpent skirt as it represents the childbirth of Huitzilopotchi and the blood from the decapitation of her head from the two serpents. In the Aztec culture, man trained to for battle while woman were the child bearers. Those who died during childbirth were believed to have become goddesses which relates to the Aztec myth. The Coatlicue’s face has been carved in many monuments to keep in touch with the earth since she was the goddess of earth and fire. The Aztecs were the largest army in Mesoamerica and took in many prisoners of war. They believed in ritual sacrifice so that their god would not desert them and their world would not come to an end. Thought to have been through four different worlds already, they believed to have lived in the final world that the gods sacrificed themselves for. The prisoners captured by the Aztec were mostly
The Medusa is a Gorgon that is fierce and potent, a personification of female fury. The Medusa has been adopted by feminists as an internal Gorgon that can incite fear in those that do not embody it (Culpepper, p. 22). The Medusa contains life-saving information for women that is sometimes needed in order to survive (Culpepper, p. 23). Culpepper then goes on to write about her own experience of “Experiencing [Her] Gorgon Self” when she was attacked in her home. Instead of allowing the attack to occur, the Gorgon within her took over with rage and fury to shove the man back outside (p. 23). After the attack, Culpepper knew that something else had embodied her during this moment. As she looks in the mirror, she knows what she sees: the Medusa! Had the Gorgon not been ingrained within her soul, Culpepper’s fury would not have been nearly as
Witchcraft is a term which sprouts many different meanings. As stated above, it is attributed to witches. But what is a witch? Probably an evil haggish-like women who has signed a pact with the devil if we think of it in the English sense. So witchcraft must be evil doings; putting curses on people to make their life miserable, using wicked spells to transform humans to frogs etc. But does this hold true to everyone's idea of what witchcraft is.People's believes on the subject of witchcraft might differ between different cultures.
However, religion is a rather minor reason for her rightful punishment. The feelings and morals of the time dictate right and wrong. Presently we have values and views quite different than those of Hesters period, but the wrongness of her act of adultery remain universal. Even to this day, with views much lax of those Puritans in question, her wrong remains quite acute.
In the Malleus Maleficarum, Sprenger and Kramer’s basic argument about the origins of witchcraft is that witchcraft is found chiefly in women due to several reasons that focus on characteristics of women. Sprenger and Kramer argue that witchcraft in women is more probable because women were very naïve and impressionable, carnal lust is never satisfied in women, and they are of lower intelligence and weaker memories than men.
The Goddess, whether Gentle Lady-Mother or thundering and Powerful Seductress has never really been broadly attached specifically to an animal form as much as the God was."
Roman Women and Their Mythology Throughout the ages, myths, legends and fairytales have been used to teach people basic moral and educational lessons. For example, mothers and fathers use the childhood story of "Goldilocks and the Three Bears" to teach their children that stealing and snooping is wrong. In the end, Goldilocks was either eaten or she ran away, depending on your bloodthirsty nature. By using this comparison between myths and reality the Romans were able to "control" their women, and to discourage them from vain, romantic and adulterous actions. Women themselves had a very low place in Roman society, and could be bought and sold like cattle or slaves.
The society in which classical myths took place, the Greco-Roman society was a very patriarchal one. By taking a careful gander at female characters in Greco-Roman mythology one can see that the roles women played differ greatly from the roles they play today. The light that is cast upon females in classical myths shows us the views that society had about women at the time. In classical mythology women almost always play a certain type of character, that is to say the usual type of role that was always traditionally played by women in the past, the role of the domestic housewife who is in need of a man’s protection, women in myth also tended to have some unpleasant character traits such as vanity, a tendency to be deceitful, and a volatile personality. If one compares the type of roles that ladies played in the myths with the ones they play in today’s society the differences become glaringly obvious whilst the similarities seem to dwindle down. Clearly, and certainly fortunately, society’s views on women today have greatly changed.
At the same time, women were repressed in their sexual feelings and were subject to their husband’s demands. If an unmarried woman had sexual relations, she would be dishonored, thrown into exile or even killed. Horrible experiments sought often to find ways of getting rid of any pleasure women would experience during intercourse.
As she is mostly naked except for a loin cloth, she appears like a war captive would: bare and humiliated. Similarly, this relief’s location is at the base of a structure, so individuals walk right over her as if they are stepping on a war captive, like many works of art depict captives. Her body is in broken down pieces with bones protruding out of certain limbs, and the tongue sticks out as a convention for death. On her joints are fanged masks, suggesting the she is trouble and evil. Furthermore, snakes tie her up, which act as a parallel to how war captives are bound in many images.
And thus wash them for him. She also had a city that she was the patron goddess of.
She lambasted society for its perpetual close-mindedness in a time when righteousness was considered to be an attribute, and she helped to generate more enlightened attitudes among both the women and men of her time. In The Storm, the character of Calixta is unable to fulfill society's standards of virtue, despite her perceived purity by her lover Alcee. When Alcee professes, "If she was not an immaculate dove in those days, she was still inviolate" (p. 34), he is basically saying that just because a woman is not chaste, does not mean she is not pure of heart. After all, it was Calixta's marriage which had stripped her of her chastity status.
Joan of Arc was a heroine,who played an important part in France’s war against the english,during the Hundred Years War. Joan of Arc,at the age of thirteen,said that she heard messages from god to save France. These“messages”led Joan to do many of the acts that made her famous,such as the voices telling Joan to help France defeat its enemies. The “Voices”is one of the things that has caused controversy over whether or not Joan of Arc was a witch,during her time alive. Even though Joan of Arc was a great help to France,she was still mistreated by the very people she tried to help.