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The society in which classical myths took place, the Greco-Roman society was a very patriarchal one. By taking a careful gander at female characters in Greco-Roman mythology one can see that the roles women played differ greatly from the roles they play today. The light that is cast upon females in classical myths shows us the views that society had about women at the time. In classical mythology women almost always play a certain type of character, that is to say the usual type of role that was always traditionally played by women in the past, the role of the domestic housewife who is in need of a man’s protection, women in myth also tended to have some unpleasant character traits such as vanity, a tendency to be deceitful, and a volatile personality. If one compares the type of roles that ladies played in the myths with the ones they play in today’s society the differences become glaringly obvious whilst the similarities seem to dwindle down. Clearly, and certainly fortunately, society’s views on women today have greatly changed. A good example of the typical type of role a woman would play in classical mythology is the myth of Pandora. Pandora was the first woman to be created; Hephaestus created her on Zeus’s orders. Pandora was only created as a part of Zeus’s plan to punish Prometheus for stealing the secret of fire from Olympus and showing it to the humans. Pandora was given all of the “seductive gifts” by the Olympians upon her creation . Athena gave her the ability to weave and create needlework. Aphrodite gave her beauty and lust. Hermes gave Pandora a shameful way of thinking and a deceitful nature; he gave her a predisposition towards lies and crafty words. Pandora was then dressed and adorned beautifully, along with h... ... middle of paper ... ...herself as a man and has misogynistic tendencies. Fortunately, the role of women in society today has changed very much from the roles that they played in classical mythology. Women are now seen as being able to play any role they desire, whether it is the role of a housewife or the role of a workingwoman with a successful career. It is no surprise that achieving the roles that women play today took such a long time when for so long even in mythology women’s roles in society were constantly pushed in the direction of domestics and when for so long women were portrayed as less then pleasant creatures. The fact that these sorts of roles were pushed on women in the Greco-Roman society was proof enough that it was a patriarchal society. It is astoundingly wonderful that the roles that women play in modern society have evolved so much since the times of classical myths.
Women in ancient Greek times did not have equal or political rights. Athena and Antigone, who were both very heroic women went above and beyond the stereotypical woman. In society today, women are still not looked as an equivalent to men. Athena and Antigone share the Greek heroic traits of honor, perseverance, and of living in a higher class. In Sophocles’ Greek tragedy, Antigone, and Homer’s epic, The Odyssey, the female characters, Antigone and Athena are not solely traditional female characters, instead, they embody the heroic characteristics, honor, perseverance, and high social standing.
Yet, despite the fact that no two women in this epic are alike, each—through her vices or virtues—helps to delineate the role of the ideal woman. Below, we will show the importance of Circe, Calypso, Nausicaa, Clytaemestra, and Penelope in terms of the movement of the narrative and in defining social roles for the Ancient Greeks. Before we delve into the traits of individual characters, it is important to understand certain assumptions about women that prevailed in the Homeric Age. By modern standards, the Ancient Greeks would be considered a rabidly misogynistic culture. Indeed, the notoriously sour Boetian playwright Hesiod-- who wrote about fifty years before Homer-- proclaimed "Zeus who thunders on high made women to be evil to mortal men, with a nature to do evil (Theogony 600).
The women in The Odyssey are a fair representation of women in ancient Greek culture. In his work, Homer brings forth women of different prestige. First there are the goddesses, then Penelope, and lastly the servant girls. Each of the three factions forms an important part of The Odyssey and helps us look into what women were like in ancient Greece. The role that the housemaids play in The Odyssey is that of servitude.
...ow Greek civilization was founded by women; they were the ones who gave birth to the heroes. Similarly, The Odyssey is a story created by women. The plot revolves around the actions of women. Athena orchestrates all the events. The seductresses, such as Circe, the sirens, and Calypso, attempt to stop Odysseus from reaching home. The helpmeets, such as Nausicaa, Arete, and Athena, aid Odysseus in his homecoming. The wise and virtuous Penelope is the object of Odysseus’ quest. Unlike Helen who forsakes her husband, Penelope remains faithful. Unlike Clytemnestra who assassinates her husband, Penelope patiently waits for Odysseus. She becomes a model of female patience and of female intelligence. Her craftiness is the only one which can match up to Odysseus’. The Odyssey presents a wide array of women and demonstrates the influence that women have in the life of a hero.
In conclusion, no matter how big or small, positive or negative, contributions are made by the hero’s leading lady regarding their quest. Perseus’s leading lady Andromeda contributes both positively and negatively to Perseus’s quest. Hera, the leading lady in Hercules’s story makes a negative contribution to Hercules quest affecting him greatly. Finally Theseus’s leading lady Ariadne make both positive and negative contributions regarding Theseus’s quest. All three of these stories also prove how small women’s’ roles are in Greek mythology and how little they are valued in Greek society. Overall, leading ladies in Greek mythology contribute immensely to the hero’s quests.
Why were women treated as minorities compared to men even when they had played major roles in Greek Mythology? Women have always played a very important role in Greek Society, either they were portrayed as a victim, heroine, or villain. Some women that were portrayed as these roles were Antitope, Leda, Athena, Antigone, Clytemnestra, and Medea. Antitope and Leda were portrayed as victims. Athena and Antigone were portrayed as a heroine. Clytemnestra and Medea were portrayed as villains.
The Iliad uncovers the truth behind what Greeks believed to be the role of women in society. The Greek goddesses and the mortal women represent two sides that women had in society. The Greek goddesses held power over the war, whereas, the mortal women are there as prizes or timé. Aphrodite is the prime example of a goddess who held a lot of power, mainly by using manipulation, in the Trojan War. Helen represents the quintessential idea of a woman representing timé. These two portrayals of women in Greek society depict how people recognized women’s role in society, with Aphrodite representing a woman with power as a manipulative goddess and Helen representing a woman who was merely timé, a prize to be obtained.
Much is known of men in ancient civilizations, from the famous philosophers and mathematicians of Greece to the patriarchs and subsequent kings of the nation of Israel. It would seem, however, that history has forgotten the women of these times. What of the famous female thinkers of Ancient Greece, the distinguished stateswomen of Rome? What power did they hold? What was their position in societies of the distant past? A glimpse into the roles and influence of women in antiquity can be discovered in such ancient masterpieces as the Iliad, the Odyssey, and the Hebrew Bible.
For this informative report I will attempt to point out the roles women and how they are viewed in ancient Greece. I will then show how these views are present in Homer’s "The Odyssey." How are women, goddess or mortal, conveyed in "The Odyssey?"
Greek women in society had to endure many hardships. At least that’s what we can noticed through literature when they rarely discussed women in this time period. For example in the Odyssey, Penelope’s one and only role in the epic poem was to support Odysseus and remain loyal to him. She is at home and struggles to keep her family intact while Odysseus is away trying to return to his native land. The cultural role of women is being depicted as being supportive of man and nothing more. However, what women roles were in ancient Greece did long ago was by far more impressive than what men did. Unfortunately though,...
Athena’s role in The Odyssey focuses on several key components in Greek society that they considered to be normal for women at the time. Her portrayal in the epic distinguishes her from other women, however she still is subservient to men. Athena does not have the power to fully disclose her true form to a mere mortal. Instead she disguises herself in several male figures in the form of friends of Odysseus or idolized male figures while talking to Telemachus. This perception helps carry along the point of men’s importance and how their word and knowledge was superior than a woman’s. By not being allowed to reveal herself in her true form shows men’s power over her, even as a goddess. She also reveals how important Greek society thought of familial ties. Her relation and reason for helping Odysseus isn’t based only on her own personal benefit but to aide one of her relatives, Odysseus. Her otherworldly presence also connects her to how important the Greeks thought of their religion. By...
Women were often subjects of intense focus in ancient literary works. In Sarah Pomeroy’s introduction of her text Goddesses, Whores, Wives, and Slaves, she writes, “Women pervade nearly every genre of classical literature, yet often the bias of the author distorts the information” (x). It is evident in literature that the social roles of women were more restricted than the roles of men. And since the majority of early literature was written by men, misogyny tends to taint much of it. The female characters are usually given negative traits of deception, temptation, selfishness, and seduction. Women were controlled, contained, and exploited. In early literature, women are seen as objects of possession, forces deadly to men, cunning, passive, shameful, and often less honorable than men. Literature reflects the societal beliefs and attitudes of an era and the consistency of these beliefs and attitudes toward women and the roles women play has endured through the centuries in literature. Women begin at a disadvantage according to these societal definitions. In a world run by competing men, women were viewed as property—prizes of contests, booty of battle and the more power men had over these possessions the more prestigious the man. When reading ancient literature one finds that women are often not only prizes, but they were responsible for luring or seducing men into damnation by using their feminine traits.
The Greeks regarded the Iliad as a source of ancient wisdom about how human beings should live. The varied female characters in Iliad clearly reflects the influence of the story on the Greek society, and the society’s perspective towards women as well.
Goddesses such as Aphrodite, Athena, and Hera, are considered beautiful maidens, then there are others, such as Medusa, Echidna, and The Gorgons, who were portrayed as hideous, envious, monsters out for blood. A common theme around women in mythology is that they were either maidens who served under man, or they were the monsters who rebelled against them, repulsive and murderous, who usually met with an untimely death. But why were women portrayed so irascible? Well, women in Greek Society had little rights, in fact, they weren’t allowed to vote or even own land. Their role was to stay at home and take care of children, and that was their only duty in life. Most women in Greek Mythology were portrayed as
“Greek women had few rights and were confined to the home” (Wilkie and Hurt 6). Women in Greek literature could not do the things men could do. For example they could not vote and according to Wilkie and Hurt, women did not share in free exploration like men (6). Although women were bound to the home in ancient Greek literature, were not considered to be citizens, and were seen as a sex figure, their role is important because they were the caregivers of the men and children.