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Criques of plato education ideas
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Plato's ideas
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“If then virtue is a quality of the soul and is admitted to be profitable, it must be wisdom or prudence since none of the things of the soul are either profitable or hurtful in themselves, but they are all made profitable or hurtful by the addition of wisdom or of folly; and therefore and therefore, if virtue is profitable, virtue must be a sort of wisdom or prudence?” (Socrates, Plato’s Meno) Throughout the complex and confusing book Plato’s Meno, one at the end of the narrative is left a bit dumbfounded. Questions are left in the air, and it is as if Plato hasn’t answered the question he so desperately was set out to solve. Within the story, Socrates and Meno have a series of arguments discussing virtue. However, the problem the reader …show more content…
Virtue can be taught, and Virtue can be taught by God instilled men and woman of God. Because virtue is truth, someone who holds truth is able to teach it. The author of all truth goodness and beauty sources from God. God holds the divine authority of who holds truth within their heart. Everyone is given a conscience. At the core of everyone, there is a basic set of morals laid upon everyone’s hearts. Anything that is more revolutionary comes from scripture. Even if someone isn’t preaching or a Christian, if they’re telling truths revealed in scripture, it is still a truth. Many times this occurs because at our core we know there are virtuous traits within our world. An excellent example of this is Plato. Plato in his writings never came out and confessed himself a Christian, but he desired of truth. His pursuit of virtue was instilled in him. Outside of the bounds of truth, virtue cannot be taught because it would no longer be …show more content…
In Plato’s Meno, Socrates quotes the poet Theognis, and says: “Eat and drink and sit with the mighty, and make yourself agreeable to them; for from the good you will learn what is good, but if you mix with the bad you will lose the intelligence which you already have.” This section shows that virtue can be obtained by people of good influence. Essentially, the ways of someone and how they act can “rub off” on others. Reading information from books and gaining book knowledge is definitely beneficial, but sometimes it can be better learned through real life experiences. Because virtue is knowledge, it must be learned like all subjects. Socrates gives a scenario of a boy named Cleophantus who was a well-known horseman. His master taught him fantastic things, such as standing upright on horseback and javelin skills. It is like learning a sport or an activity. Someone who is knowledgeable and equipped in the subject is capable of teaching truth. Also meaning someone is able to teach virtue. Someone is capable of learning and teaching virtue if they are equipped to do so. Yet virtue can also be understood, if not better, when in a real life experience. Actions sometimes train our minds better than just common head knowledge. This can really be applied to anything, not just specifically
Foremost, the word virtue itself means needing to do good and avoid evil in its two
However, you could learn moral goodness, but, that it is a result of habit. The only way to improve is with time, practice, and encouragement. Also if somebody is not virtuous or does not have good morals, they just need a better teacher or need to practice it more.
Even today, Noble falsehood is a popular topic. On one hand, people are keen to talk how politicians use those well-intentional lies to achieve some incredible things. On the other hand, people accuse those politicians of divesting people’s right of choice making and intentionally hiding the truth. It seems that people have an alternative feeling towards falsehood. Thus, this essay is aim to discuss why and how in some cases falsehood is such a useful thing in politics, whereas in the others it is a contradiction in Plato’s political project.
Right after Socrates comments how they can both look for virtue, Meno gives him these questions: “How will you look for it, Socrates, when you do not know at all what it is? How will you aim to search for something you do not know at all? If you should meet with it, how will you know that this is the thing you did not know (80d)?” This is Meno’s paradox which explains the discovery of knowledge is impossible and if you do not know what you are learning, and that you cannot discover it either. Meno states in his first premise that you either know what knowledge is or you don’t, and whether you do know it or not, you cannot discover what that piece of knowledge is. This,
When discussing specific knowledge, it is often hard to pin down an exact definition of what it is you are discussing. Often a concept or word will get thrown around so often that it will begin to be taken for granted and when pressed, a person may struggle to pin down specifically what it is they mean. Realizing this, Socrates often went out and attempted to fix these kinds of problems and find out what people actually knew, compared to what they just thought they knew. In the dialogues Euthyphro and Meno, Socrates attempts to pin down definitions for piety and virtue, respectively. In doing so, we are shown that the thinkers in question struggle to define these terms, and attempt to do so in vague terms that may vary heavily under different circumstances. What Socrates is attempting to find is one definitive definition of piety and virtue, what is called his One Form Requirement. Rather than defining something by classifying different parts that make it up, Socrates maintains the belief that piety and virtue both can be simplified into one specific form that describes exactly what makes all F actions F.
In The Republic Plato argues that some women have the ability to become philosopher-Guardians. This idea during that time wasn’t viewed as a normal idea to spring upon, therefor Plato argues this statement through questionings and contradictions to justify this radical idea. He does so by summing up his ideas and thoughts through his theory of virtue.
In Plato’s Meno, Socrates purposefully uses ignorance and irony to insufficiently define excellence for Meno. Initially, Meno argues a particular definition, which is a universally inconsistent proof, is sufficient to define excellence. However, Socrates asserts that the definition of excellence must be consistent and applicable to all individuals, by comparing individuals in a society to bees in a colony. Socrates demonstrates the failure of a particular proof to define all constituents of a group. In order to exemplify the errors of inconsistent and universally inapplicable definition, Socrates uses a universally inconsistent proof to erroneously assert a figure is not a shape. Socrates purposefully applies an inconsistent proof to define all figures because Meno, as a student, must be critical of a teacher’s argument. In order to stimulate Meno’s development, Socrates erroneously uses a consistent proof to determine excellence is different than knowledge. Unable to define excellence, Socrates deliberately attributes excellence to the divine. Plato employs Socratic irony to inspire a new definition of excellence and determines the errors in particular proofs. In order to emphasize contradictions and stress the areas necessary for logical review, Socratic ignorance fails to determine a universal conclusion from a consistent proof. Ultimately, Meno’s review of Socrates’ argument must determine that both knowledge and excellence are defined by a consistent proof. As a result, both excellence and knowledge are either divine awards or attainable by humans.
However, you could learn moral goodness, but, that it is a result of habit. The only way to improve is with time, practice, and encouragement. Also if somebody is not virtuous or does not have good morals, they just need a better teacher or need to practice it more.
I totally agree that Socrates found it important to research about life’s morality and not just think the same way others do. That is a way of proving the knowledge of men. Ones sitting quiet in the corner usually have more knowledge than others that talk so much about what they know. Many men with a high position in life do not always have the most knowledge.
Human Nature and Moral Theory in Plato’s Republic. In Chapter 2 of Republic, Glaucon uses the Myth of the Lydian Shepherd to portray a pessimistic view of human nature. Plato, the author of Republic, uses his brother Glaucon to tell the Myth of the Lydian Shepherd. We are led to believe that Plato takes the myth and its implications on human nature very seriously by using a personal character.
It is possible to divide man into three basic types; the man of reason or logic who seeks wisdom; the spirited man who seeks success and honor, and the man of desire who seeks gain and appetite. Although each man is dominated by one component of the soul, the three elements are in constant conversation. Upon being asked each person would say that his or her class lives the best and the philosophers feel they must discuss which of these classes’ lives best. Each believe their greatest pleasure in life to be the paramount, however Socrates argues that only the man of reason could have experienced the happiness of knowledge because he alone of the three possesses it. He explains that the pleasures of the other types of men are not true pleasures as they are “the pleasures of necessity, since he would have no use for them if necessity were not laid upon him” Of these three classes, the man of reason (the lover of wisdom) possesses knowledge of the Forms, in turn, Justice. Therefore the man of justice and reason is correct in his judging himself to be the happiest, solidifying his argument that the lover of wisdom has the greatest pleasure and in turn the just man leads a happier life than the unjust man. Plato also suggests that of the three type of man the man of reason would be the most kingly i.e. the most suitable to rule. He envisions an ideal society where those who have knowledge of the Forms have
Socrates states that living is a function of the soul; meaning that only a soul can live or a soul lives better than anything else (1) (Page 42). Anything with a function performs it well by means of its own peculiar virtue and badly by means of its vice or lack of virtue (2) (Page 41).This means that something that has a specific function would do it well because of a certain feature or attribute that it obtains. For example, a chainsaw performs its function of cutting by the virtue of its set of sharp blades and badly by its lack of its set of sharp blades or vice of dull blades. Therefore a soul would live by its virtue. So then it must be asked what is the soul’s virtue? The soul has multiple functions not just living. Since only a soul can take care of things,rule, deliberate, and the like, then another function of a soul is to take care of things,rule, deliberate, and the like (3) (Page 41). Only something with a soul could nurture things such as animals and children, rule over a country state or city, and deliberate what is right and what is wrong and come to a decision based off of the deliberation. The soul performs its function of taking care of things, ruling, deliberating and the like well by means of justice (4) (Page 42).Socrates defines justice as having a control and balance that creates harmony within a soul (Pages 53-54). To perform a
In the Meno, Plato addresses the question of virtue, what it is, how to obtain and if virtue can be taught. Meno came to conclusion after a long discussion with Socrates that it is impossible to know what virtue is. The Meno’x paradox states, “if one knows what virtue is, he does not need to search for it. However, if one does not know what virtue is, how can he search for it? He may not know he has it even when he gets it.”
In Allan Bloom’s translation of The Republic of Plato, Glaucon claims that those who practice justice do it not because they want to, but because they feel as if they are obligated to appear just.
Plato widely a respected philosopher and is arguably one of the greatest philosophers of all time. I knew nothing about him or what he stood for before taking this course and I found his theory on human nature very exciting. “Plato’s most fundamental contribution to philosophy was the distinction he drew between the changing physical objects we perceive with our senses and the under changing ideals we can know with our minds.” What Plato means is when we see something that we think is good or bad that there is good strong reasoning behind why we think the way we do. I find this very intriguing because, this it pertains to how I feel about everyday things and big Icons. For example, when hanging out at a friend’s house that is considerably richer