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Importance of community policing in law enforcement
Importance of community policing in law enforcement
Importance of community policing in law enforcement
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Opening the bar door he glanced in. Neighborhood toughs like to shoot pool and drink beer. In this particular spot a revolutionary aspect existed amongst the usual tone. A constant push was needed to keep these guys in line, Biff mused. Presumably, understated links between bar staff and law enforcement checked any active participation in crime. This type didn't join the yob firebrands he’d seen dashing through the streets at sundown. No, as community matters headed towards a confrontational boil – left versus conservatives – most alcoholic druggies remained aloof in their own awful world. By and large, they refused to act overtly on the chance of offending the local police or right-wing element. They watched quizzically as the students and labor members rioted. They dodged scrutiny by loafing in the bar and stayed away from that. It remained for others to made sense of dissent. Nonetheless, through occasional provocation against authority, the underworld leadership did acquire respect among their more strident street counterparts. One way or the other, it was a strange, dicey trek for those estranged from the salaried workforce. As cab drivers and waitresses they became subject to situational impediments that restricted serious money-making. Mired in debt, they learned to practice deception about the actual intake and outflow. Arguments over less than twenty dollars were routinely heard. Svoboda found this poverty easier to take if one didn't make a fuss about it. A pittance was gathered and nothing salted away. It was all marginal. You rarely got ahead. Continuing pressure from the other down-and-outers required push-back. So it was that street smarts were under constant development. The lowly had their systems, their tipping po...
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...he heavy dude spoke.
“They’re saying you like to do a little grass,” he said through the cover of his fingers.
“Yeah, if it ain't half bad,” the shooter responded after a glance. “Trouble is you end up with those government-overthrow types. I'm at my worst pretending to be Marxist. It doesn't lead anywhere interesting. You’re almost always high and start to get things wrong because you’ve lost the ability to handle a lot of fragmented detail.”
The stranger's eyes grew fiercely alive. It needn't be pushed any farther to arrive at the conclusion that he wanted some. If truth be told, though, he wasn't bearing up. Apparently he wasn't used to action in the local fast lane. He downed the rest of his beer as he stood there, presumably overtaken by thought processes skewed towards the less dramatic. For the shooter, the inclination was to foreclose on this, evidently.
As time went by, J.T. and Venkatesh met less and less and in the year 1998, most of the Robert Taylor buildings would be demolished. As their encounters were coming to an end, J.T. offers Venkatesh names of gang members in Newark and in New York, to enable Venkatesh to pursue his research elsewhere since his dissertation had long ago been finished which was written on the ways that people living in poverty made a living to get them by day-to-day.
Setting: That was Then…This is Now, had multiple settings but it was mainly placed in either Charlie the bartenders Bar, or in Bryon’s house in Tusla, Oklahoma. In Charlie’s Bar, there is a set of pool tables, lounge chairs and booths, and a long bar. It’s centered near an alley and has a big neon “Charlie’s Bar” outside of the building. Bryon and Mark usually go there to relax for a while, get a couple free cokes from Charlie, and hustle people into playing pool. Though Bryon and Mark are still underage to be in the bar, Charlie keeps a safe guard watching over the two, just in case one or two police come in for a drink. Bryon has a growing I.O.U fund for Charlie since he’s been getting about two cokes every time they go to the bar, but Charlie lets it slide because they two are good friends. The other main setting of the story is Bryon’s house. It is a two-story house, which resides Bryon’s mother, brother, and Mark. Mark lives there because Bryon’s mother had adopted Mark. Bryon’s house is located in the low-income area, where the ruffians live. Though there are a lot of gang-related people there, Mark and Bryon are good friends with everyone, and nothing bad usually happens in there presence.
Strain theory suggests that crime is a result of people’s goals and the means available to achieve them. Nino Brown’s ultimate goal is to obtain the American Dream which means having a lot of money. It is implied in his criminal behavior that he does not view the legitimate means as a way of achieving that goal. As a man who is undereducated and Black, the normal means of achieving the American Dream are pail in comparison to the illegal means. In fact, he sees the illegal means as more effective; this is the Anomie. The Anomie theory holds that socially defined goals are mandated, but the means to achieve them are stratified by class and society. The Cash Money Brothers program The Carter is built on a culture of poverty that has developed abnormally as a result of crack cocaine, and crime becomes the answer as a result of a breakdown in family, school, and employment. The Social Disorganization theory, in New Jack City, would mean that the criminal behavior demonstrated by the Cash Money Brothers is direct result of a serious degradation in the quality of capable guardians, the school system, and the absence of legitimate jobs stemming from Raegonomics. Therefore, the drive for material wealth dominates and undermines social and community values, thereby, providing room for criminal behavior to become more appealing and effective
“My crimey here think the way to go is more drugs. But I know better. I think making money is okay, but not making it just by dealing. You gotta go legit, at least for a minute. You gotta go state fresh, all the way live, if you wanna do anything worthwhile out here. Everybody thinks they can make crazy dollars, but they confused. It aint like that. I’ve seen co-caine bust many a head – they get fucked up and be clocking out after they find out they cannot find the key to understanding that mystery skied. But you know what? But-but0but you know what? They don’t have a clue. Word.” (Williams, 1989)
As more and more immigrants began to spread throughout the US, more and more gangs of people began to emerge. Gangs were usually made up of people of a common ethnicity, whether it be Irish, Italian, or Hispanic. These gangs were usually victims of anti-immigrant policies and looked for strength in numbers. As gangs became more and more sophisticated they realized they could make profits from the power they were accumulating. One of the most recognizable examples is the bootlegging of alcohol during the Prohibition. When federal officials attempted to enforce legislation such as the Volstead Act, there was a surge of illegal sales and profits. In 1927, Al Capone and his gang racked up over $60 million from bootlegged alcohol. With all of this money came tons of violence, people were getting murdered in broad daylight just so others could have a sum of all of this wealth. Soon Mob families would own clubs or casinos to increase their wealth. The attendees weren’t only made up of rich mob bosses, the alcohol, dancing, and gambling attracted many ordinary
...r of a family who grew up in a town where crime, racism, and violence flourished. The social problems that were present in Southie, Boston all could have been minimized if only the parents had led their children down the right path. Parents could have warned their children of the horrors associated with any associations to the drug trade, discouraged them from discrimination against people of different races, and reporting the violence that occurred in their neighborhood instead of remaining silent in the hopes of upholding some kind of Southie loyalty code/ “Southie code of silence” (MacDonald 8). Instead parents did not teach their children about the dangers of the drug trade; they encouraged racial discrimination, and remained quiet in the face of violence. All of those things contributed to the poor living conditions and bad reputation of South “Southie” Boston.
“’Is my mother a communist?’ Staring. Straight ahead. ‘They were always asking her things, before I came here.’ … ‘Did the Fuhrer take her away?’
The article discusses the need for these early Chicago saloons as a neighborhood commune for those men who labor long hours only to come home to poverty and despair of a desolate household. Melendy focuses on the mental, physiological, and moral nature of these workingmen. He points out that this saloon culture allows it’s patrons to develop these traits by interacting with their peers—others facing the same despair. These establishments are described as the “workingman’s school. He is both scholar and teacher” (Melendy pg. 78). Patrons gather at the bar, around tables and in the next room amongst games of pool, cards, and darts to discuss political and social problems, sporting news, and other neighborhood gossip. Here men, native and immigrant, exchange opinions and views of patriotism, brotherhood, and lessons in civil government. Melendy describes this atmosphere as cosmopolitan, and articulates that these businesses advertise this issue in their names. For example one of the downtown saloons was entitled “Everybody’s Exchange.” The saloon’s customers experienced a buffet of nationalities upon which was not so for those of poverty in previous decades. Saloons also served as disguises of corruption as Melendy illustrates by declaring “...
When a child is growing up he is frequently asked what he is going to do for money when he gets older. The more this question is asked to them, the more they feel like they have to have money to be happy in life. After many tries of trying to make a stable life at a low paying job, a criminal life maybe more appealing to them at they may start living life under the gun. As stated by William Wilson in When Work Disappears, “Neighborhoods plagued by high levels of joblessness are more likely to experience low levels of social organization, they go hand in hand.” In Chicago for instance, in 1990 there was only one in three in the twelve ghetto communities that had held a job in a typical workweek of the year. When there are high rates of joblessness bigger problems surface such as violent crime, gang violence, and drug trafficking. (Wilson P356-362)
Fred Wright, Lauren's instructor for EN 132 (Life, Language, Literature), comments, "English 132 is an introduction to English studies, in which students learn about various areas in the discipline from linguistics to the study of popular culture. For the literature and literary criticism section of the course, students read a canonical work of literature and what scholars have said about the work over the years. This year, students read One Flew over the Cuckoo's Nest, by Ken Kesey, a classic of American literature which dates from the 1960s counterculture. Popularized in a film version starring Jack Nicholson, which the class also watched in order to discuss film studies and adaptation, the novel became notable for its sympathetic portrayal of the mentally ill. For an essay about the novel, students were asked to choose a critical approach (such as feminist, formalist, psychological, and so forth) and interpret the novel using that approach, while also considering how their interpretation fit into the ongoing scholarly dialogue about the work. Lauren chose the challenge of applying a Marxist approach to One Flew over the Cuckoo's Nest. Not only did she learn about critical approaches and how to apply one to a text, she wrote an excellent essay, which will help other readers understand the text better. In fact, if John Clark Pratt or another editor ever want to update the 1996 Viking Critical Library edition of the novel, then he or she might want to include Lauren's essay in the next edition!"
In his research Jay Macleod, compares two groups of teenage boys, the Hallway Hangers and the Brothers. Both groups of teenagers live in a low income neighborhood in Clarendon Heights, but they are complete opposites of each other. The Hallway Hangers, composed of eight teenagers spend most of their time in the late afternoon or early evening hanging out in doorway number 13 until very late at night. The Brothers are a group of seven teenagers that have no aspirations to just hang out and cause problems, the Brothers enjoy active pastimes such as playing basketball. The Hallway Hangers all smoke, drink, and use drugs. Stereotyped as “hoodlums,” “punks,” or “burnouts” by outsiders, the Hallway Hangers are actually a varied group, and much can be learned from considering each member (Macleod p. 162). The Brothers attend high school on a regular basis and none of them participate in high-risk behaviors, such as smoke, drink, or do drugs.
Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World demonstrates key principles of Marxist literary theory by creating a world where mass happiness is the tool used by positions of power known as the Alphas to control the masses known as the Epsilons at the cost of the people's freedom to choose. The social castes of Brave New World, Alphas, Betas, Gammas, Deltas, and Epsilons, draw parallels to the castes applied in Marxist literary theory, the Aristocracy, the Bourgeoisie and the Proletariat.
Bittner (1967) describes skid row as “the natural habitat of people who lack the capacities and commitments to live ‘normal’ lives on a sustained basis (Bittner, 1967, pg 705).” Skid row is the area where those who have nothing less to lose come together. Police officers assigned to skid row are usually assigned for long periods of time so they get to know the population they serve. The police officer assigned to skid row allows particular crimes to continue to protect those on skid row from each other and more severe crimes. It is because the police officer assigned to skid row allows disorder to continue, but continue contained, that reduces the chances of serious crime against the general public and the inhabitants of skid row (Bittner,
“The reign of tears is over. The slums will soon be a memory. We will turn our prisons into factories and our jails into storehouses and corncribs. Men will walk upright now, women will smile and children will laugh. Hell will be forever for rent.” Reverend Billy Sunday said this during a speech at the beginning of Prohibition. As more time went on, Americans realized this was far from true and that things had, in fact, gotten worse. (Organized Crime and Prohibition) Due to Prohibition, organized crime received a major
99-100; Girling et al. 1998, pp. 316 17; Martineau 2006; Pearson 1983). Recent essays on African youth (e.g., Cole 2004, Mains 2007, Walsh 2003, Weiss 2002) illustrate how such attitudes preclude understanding of "late modern" youth entrapment: the condition of having no work (or respected work), being unable to marry according to community expectation, and wallowing in unstructured time while surrounded by images of glittering consumer emporia. These conditions, not criminal in tent, explain why so many young people hold polite society ransom to a "riotous return of the repressed" (Comaroff & Comaroff 2000, pp. 306-9). Criminalizing processes are a familiar theme in literature on the United States, whose "war on drugs" has exposed pervasive racism. Rather than attempting to understand the crack "epidemic" of the 1980s in the context of economic restructuring and associated collapse of government services, the public and the authorities preferred to blame Black crack users and incarcerate them at rates 100 times higher than the more affluent (mostly White) users of