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The significance of Christianity in beowulf
The significance of Christianity in beowulf
Major themes in beowulf
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The epic poem of Beowulf and the tale of the great warrior has been one of the most revered texts of old Anglo-Saxon literature, and has maintained a self-sustaining relevance in today’s society as a result of the vast amounts of translations and reworks of the tale into movies, art, and literature. The epic poem dates back to the ninth century and was first translated off of an old frayed manuscript, leaving some portions of the epic to be left up to the reader of the absent text. The epic story was thought to originate from an oral background as traditional folk tale, yet this has been questioned for debate. On thing that is certain is the fact that Beowulf , is full of thematic elements of the decisions of good vs. evil , the intrinsic excitement of masculinity, and the morbid reminder of mortality, all of which have been analyzed among great scholars and writers throughout decades. The conflict of good vs. evil is one of the most exciting ideas that are brought about by the unknown author of this text, during these moments we see a lot of Beowulf as the good, as he takes on numerous adversaries, who are classified as the evil. These evil characters include Grendel, Grendel’s mother, and the dragon to name the ones with most relevance and biggest roles. In the time period that these type of stories were told, Beowulf included these were problems of good versus evil were very surreal to many citizens living under a king and army which they depended on. As stated by Herbert G. Wright in his review entitled “ Good and Evil; Light and Darkness; Joy and Sorrow in Beowulf” that “ these contrasting opposites are a part of our everyday life, so it is not surprising to find these two groups appearing in the text of this period” (Wrigh... ... middle of paper ... ...ust be special, be a staple of an important era of culture. Beowulf is a true testament, of art that has stood the test of time, and lots of it. To add to the intriguing piece of literature by itself it’s almost sad to know that the credit for the phenomenal epic poem cannot be given to any one author, especially since the story has had many involvements with western culture from movies to playwrights. Through the thorough examination by both scholars and critics alike, the portrayals of good vs. evil, masculinity, and mortality have caused many areas of further research into the mind of Beowulf in this 6th century Scandinavian culture. Furthermore we learn the true characteristics and actions a man must do to die with honor from those around him. Maybe not so much the brutal massacres and demons and monsters, but the loyalty and the wisdom is a good place to start.
While the classic battle between good and evil forces is a major theme of the medieval epic Beowulf, one may question whether these good and evil forces are as black and white as they appear. Scholars such as Herbert G. Wright claim that “the dragon, like the giant Grendel, is an enemy of mankind, and the audience of Beowulf can have entertained no sympathy for either the one or the other” (Wright, 4). However, other scholars such as Andy Orchard disagree with this claim, and believe that there is “something deeply human about the ‘monsters’” (Orchard, 29). While Grendel, Grendel’s mother, and the dragon are indeed portrayed as evil and violent foes, there are parts within Beowulf that can also lead a reader to believe that the “monsters” may not be so monstrous after all. In fact, the author of Beowulf represents the “monsters” within the poem with a degree of moral ambivalence. This ambivalence ultimately evokes traces of sympathy in the reader for the plight of these “monster” figures, and blurs the fine line between good and evil within the poem.
The epic poem, Beowulf, coming from the years of 600 to 700 AD has been translated in many different styles. In these excerpts by Burton Raffel and Lucien Dean Pearson, provides a clear understanding of this epic poem. Reading the two different translations, Raffel tends to provide the reader with a better understanding of the evil nature of Grendel and the heroic characteristics of Beowulf.
Over the course of the poem, Beowulf transitions from a heroic warrior to a noble king. The last lines of the epic, "kindest to kinfolk yet keenest for fame" undoubtedly refers to the transitions of roles the main character undergoes, as well as the differing values and responsibilities accompanying each role. Time and again in the poem the major themes of what makes a good king and what makes a good hero are presented. As both a warrior and a king, Beowulf must reconcile the opposing values and duties of each position in society. This essay seeks to show that the final line of the epic relates to the whole poem in terms of the tension between the roles of hero and king.
Beowulf was more than a man. He was a king, a hero, a friend, a warrior. A legend who would not give into defeat and malice. Admired and looked upon by many. A belligerent bold man who lived to see smiles on his friends and fear in his foes faces. Seeing him in battle was an extraordinary sight, the way he moved with such agility, the smirk on his face after decapitating monsters. Beowulf fought for more than glorious gold. He fought to prove that the mighty Beowulf can overcome any task, any challenge, foe or obstacle in his path, for he was more than a man or ring-giver.
As a result of the missions of good and evil forces is completely divergent to one another, there is continuously a battle stuck between the two. This equilibrium of good and evil rise and fall over time is never stable. The effects of good and evil are felt transversely all the sections of the world. The classic Beowulf makes an effort to illustrate both sides of these cultures of good and evil. It also conveys the eternal battle between the two. “Grendel, a monster who lives at the bottom of a nearby mere, is provoked by the singing and celebrating of Hrothgar's followers” (http://csis.pace.edu/grendel/projf981e/story.html). Beowulf, prince of the Geats, hears about “Hrothgar's troubles, gathers fourteen of the bravest Geat warriors, and sets sail from his home in southern Sweden” (http://csis.pace.edu/grendel/projf981e/story.html). In Beowulf, the author uses light and darkness to accentuate good and evil in the world.
Beowulf, the main character, exemplifies the traits of, what is believed to be, the perfect hero. Beowulf’s warrior style of heroism is depicted throughout his youth and age, describing three triumphant clashes with monstrous creatures. The wisdom and reliability required as king are later represented through the aging of Beowulf. The two different forms of heroism correspond to different models of virtue, and much of the moral reflection in the story centers on the differentiating these two models, and showing the transfer Beowulf makes. The traits that are most evident throughout the poem are the strength and courage Beowulf consistently displays in order to defend the defenseless. He also perfectly embodies the manners and values as dictated by the Germanic heroic code, such as loyalty, courtesy, and pride. Beowulf matures through the teachings of Hrothgar, who becomes a mentor and father-like figure to the young warrior. Though Beowulf possesses an abundance of leadership qualities from beginning, the advice received from Hro...
Beowulf, one of the oldest long poems, is an Old English epic written by an unknown poet. The poet was trying to capture the heroic language and style of ancient Germanic poetry. He was a Christian and presented that throughout the poem, which the reader can tell reflects Christian tradition. Beowulf can be considered a very simple epic in many people’s view point. The whole plot is mostly focused on a courageous and mighty warrior that battles against demons and evil things lurking amongst the townspeople. This writing views Beowulf’s three great fights against evil, which will help to show the themes being analyzed. There are many themes present, but three that stood out amongst the rest include: good vs evil, courage and violence. Beowulf showcases all three of these motifs in an intriguing way. The good versus evil, courage and violence help to show Beowulf’s heroicness throughout this poem, and each affects his character in a different way.
Beowulf embodies the unification of many Anglo-Saxon values expressed throughout his heroic tale. Contrived by the mighty Northern Anglo-Saxons, Beowulf is the manifestation of their beliefs. This literary art helps the reader identify and analyze Beowulf’s ideals in a way that aids in the determination of the values of the Anglo-Saxon society. Examination of this poem familiarizes oneself about a society devoted to religion, the roles of women and war-lust beings. They idolized the warrior code - an abundance of ‘warrior like’ traits that portrayed one as noble; a fundamental aspect of life for the Anglo-Saxons.
In the epic poem of Beowulf, the characters and setting of the time center around the archetypes of Anglo-Saxon literature dating back to its origins in 700 A.D. This mythological masterpiece has withstood the test of time and has proven to be a timeless piece of work in the literary canon time and time again over generations of savage culture. In Seamus Heaney and Roy Liuzza’s modern translations, the poem upholds traditional Germanic paternalistic code of kingship, which reflects the masculinity of our warrior, king and God-like figure that is the protagonist Beowulf. As we begin to dig deeper into the text, we begin to see how all of Beowulf’s attributes make him worthy of being a loyal ruler and fulfilling the duties and expectations thrust
Cruelty and chaos against man is a universal theme in works of literature everywhere. The epic, Beowulf, is perhaps best known for being the oldest poem in the English language. The still unknown author of this work tells a story of a pure and benevolent hero who faces, and overcomes, the savage outside forces to protect not only his people, but the people of another nation. The main outer obstacles are the demon Grendel, the final dragon, and the conquering nations. Each outside abuser is cruel in their own ways, but no less ruthless. The outside threats faced by Beowulf and his society are barbaric.
Beowulf is the conventional title of an Old English epic poem consisting of 3182 alliterative long lines, set in Scandinavia, commonly cited as one of the most important works of Anglo-Saxon literature due to the fact that it is the oldest surviving epic poem of Old English and also the earliest vernacular English literature. Tragedy and epic have been much discussed as separate genres, but critics have not hesitated to designate certain characters and events in epics as tragic. For the most part, they have assumed or asserted an identity between epic and dramatic tragedy. Even in The Odyssey, Penelope and Telemachus suffer enough to rouse their deep passions and to force them like the tragic sufferer to consider their own predicaments in the world they live in. C.L. Wrenn wrote on Beowulf, “A Germanic hero is a tragic hero, who shows his highest greatness not alone in winning glory by victory, but rather by finding his supremely noble qualities especially in the moment of death in battle” (Wrenn 91). Beowulfs hubris, the representation of wealth as a profiling characteristic for the villages, and Beowulf’s ability to find his might in his moment of “death,” all show the very nature of the poem which defines it as not only an epic poem, but also a tragic one.
Throughout the lines of “Beowulf”, the theme of heroism is perceived as righteous, noble, and admirable, and all of these qualities can be seen within the physical society and characters within the poem. The great
Beowulf can easily be considered the magnum opus of Anglo-Saxon literature. Often times considered the “mother poem” of England, Beowulf is on par with Greece’s Iliad and Odyssey. Within its pages, the titular character embarks on captivating quests and adventures, leaving the reader with a quick snapshot of Anglo-Saxon life and culture. Set in the dreary land of sixth-century Scandinavia, the poem displays important Anglo-Saxon ideals such as male dominance and revenge. Written by an unidentified seventh-century Christian monk, the epic story of Beowulf is brilliantly infused with both Christian and pagan mythoi.
(2625-2630) the poet reflects further on how the responsibilities of a king, who must act for the good of the people and not just for his own glory, differ from those of the heroic warrior. In light of these meditations, Beowulf’s moral status becomes somewhat ambiguous at the epic poem’s end. Though he is deservedly celebrated as a great hero and leader, his last courageous fight is also somewhat rash. The poem suggests that, by sacrificing himself, Beowulf unnecessarily leaves his people without a king, exposing them to danger from other tribes. To understand Beowulf’s death strictly as a personal failure, however, is to neglect the overwhelming emphasis given to fate in this last portion of the poem. The conflict with the dragon has an aura of inevitability about it. Rather than a conscious choice, the battle can also be interpreted as a matter in which Beowulf has very little choice or free will at all. Additionally, it is hard to blame him for acting according to the dictates of his warrior
Throughout human life, everyone makes many decisions, can be learn and help shapes personalities. The values of a human hold to be important in his life govern the choices he makes. Beowulf is a great example of this true that he is considered to be a great warrior, portrayed by his strength, courage and bravery. Beowulf faces three difficult conflicts with Grendel, Grendel’s mother, and the dragon that can contribute to a great warrior to an honorable hero, that conflicts change the perception of Beowulf as a person. This personality is a true personality of an ideal leader, because he is willing to make his followers what they need, with the great risk of sacrificing his own spirit.