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Women's role in beowulf
Anglo Saxon Early Culture
Women's role in beowulf
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Beowulf embodies the unification of many Anglo-Saxon values expressed throughout his heroic tale. Contrived by the mighty Northern Anglo-Saxons, Beowulf is the manifestation of their beliefs. This literary art helps the reader identify and analyze Beowulf’s ideals in a way that aids in the determination of the values of the Anglo-Saxon society. Examination of this poem familiarizes oneself about a society devoted to religion, the roles of women and war-lust beings. They idolized the warrior code - an abundance of ‘warrior like’ traits that portrayed one as noble; a fundamental aspect of life for the Anglo-Saxons.
Beowulf assists in the understanding of Anglo-Saxon religious values. The poem often alludes to God, as well as the worlds of
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Despite their minimal role within the poem, women routinely act as voices of reason; in fact, women within Beowulf depict roles that only they can commit to, in order to contribute markedly towards society. One of these such women is the gracious queen Wealhtheow; exhibiting the role of establishing somewhat of a hierarchy within the mead-hall. The order you would drink from the mead cup would depict your social status. Beowulf’s rank is reflected by this as following his trouncing of Grendel as the queen gives, “The cup to him [Beowulf] and he was entreated kindly to honor the feast.” Beowulf was initially the last to receive the honour of the mead cup, however his status rose immediately after slaying Grendel- making him second only to the king. The other major feminine Anglo-Saxon ethos that enhances this poem is delineated by the devilish Mother of Grendel. Portrayal of how the civilization perceived the female warrior was outlined by the fiend. Upon her first encounter with the “heroes” of Dane, they were conflicted regarding the threat as “The force of a woman, her onset in a fight, is less feared by men,” signifying how, despite their intellectual brilliance, women were frowned upon as combatants within the society. Consequently, women were encouraged to take the role of a mother or a voice of reason as these are some of the feminine characteristics the …show more content…
The warrior code limns the ideal Anglo-Saxon, as those who follows the code are destined to be immortal; their legend known to all and forever remembered. The warrior code consists of possessing the traits of bravery, honor, loyalty, respect, a mighty warrior and the belief that their ambition in life is to be remembered. Beowulf is the prime example of upholding the warrior code. Despite his initial arrogance, he proves to bestow great respect upon others; his ability in battle unmatched. Dishonoring this code can warrant a disastrous consequence for the perpetrators. A key example of this can be shown as the staunch warrior Wiglaf is praised for displaying bravery and loyalty towards Beowulf while aiding him against the fearsome dragon. Apart from being kin to Beowulf, a motive that Wiglaf has is the fact that he also desires becoming a legend; a prime instance of the warrior code. The men who deserted Beowulf during his time of need were heavily rebuked and shamed upon. Possessing the traits of an excellent person was well respected in Anglo-Saxon society, however owning traits of an excellent warrior set you
In the epic poem of Beowulf, written by an unknown monk in about 725 AD, the Anglo-Saxon virtue of comitatus is displayed as a slowly dying aspect of life. Comitatus is the basic idea that everyone protects the king at all costs even if it means a warrior giving up his own life, and if a king is killed, the warriors must avenge the death of the king or they can no longer serve as warriors for the next king. This value of comitatus is displayed mostly through the three battles that Beowulf encounters during the epic poem. An analysis of the three battles is important because Beowulf’s choice of weapons, behavior of the Thanes, and preparation for and attitude toward battle all emphasize the death of the Anglo-Saxon virtue of comitatus.
As an epic tale of heroes and monsters, Beowulf gives its readers much excitement and adventure, but Beowulf's importance is more than just literary. It offers many insights into the beliefs and customs of seventh-century Anglo-Saxon culture. Among these insights is the Anglo-Saxon view of women and their role in society. Good Anglo-Saxon women are peaceful and unassertive, greeting guests and serving drinks to the warriors and other men in the meadhall. Wealhtheow, the queen of the Danes, represents a typical subservient Anglo-Saxon woman. As a foil to Wealhtheow, Grendel's mother is a strong and combative monster whom Beowulf must kill. By analyzing these two characters in Beowulf, we can understand the treatment and mistreatment of women in Anglo-Saxon society. The author of Beowulf generally supports the traditional Anglo-Saxon views of women by praising Wealhtheow, condemning Grendel's mother, and showing the need to suppress feminine forces like Wyrd; however, he does offer some criticism of these views by creating sympathy for Grendel's mother, allowing Wealhtheow to assert herself in the interest of her husband and children, and revealing masculine fear of feminine power.
The women in Beowulf are barely discussed and seem to exist solely for the use of the men. They are weak and portray none of the legendary qualities that the men display. Wealhtheow, the Queen of Danes and Hrothgar's wife, is the only female character in the epic that talks. In a speech to her husband, we are able to see that she is a strong woman, who is able to speak her mind. She tells the king that it is good that he adopted Beowulf, but reminds him that he already has two sons. However, her speech is made while she carries the drinking goblet to all of the men in the room, "Wealhtheow came in,/ Hrothgar's queen, observing the courtesies./ Adorned in her gold, she graciously handed the cup first to Hrothgar, their homeland's guardian,/ urging him to drink deep and enjoy it because he was dear to them" (612-618). When she is given the opportunity to talk, she only praises the men and plays a role defined by their society.
In Beowulf, there are two main categories of women. The first category is women who are bound by arranged marriages. This was often used in an attempt to create peace -- although this approach often failed, it is no fault of the women. Beowulf's own parents had an arranged marriage, although it was not an attempt to make peace. Other women mentioned in Beowulf include Hildeburh and Freawaru. Hildeburh of the Danes was sent to marry Finn, the king of the Jutes and Frisians. Finn's men killed Hildeburh's brother, Hnaef, despite the newfound peace gained by the marriage. Her tale ends in tragedy even though she was supposed to bring and end to the feud between the two countrie...
In the movie Beowulf, the women are depicted differently than in the poem. The women in Anglo Saxon culture had more power than demonstrated in the movie. For example, the servant in the Mead Hall is clearly objectified. She is wearing a tight dress with her breasts showing, wanting to gain attention from the men. While she is washing the table, she is bending over so her breasts are exposed. All the men are surrounding her and staring. The main reason for the servant being at the Mead Hall is so the workingmen can look at her. The men are only interested in the servant in a sexual way. An example of this is when a working man states, “…No wonder my loins are burning.” He wants his sexual desires to be completed by the servant. He is treating the woman as a toy to use for his pleasures. Similar to the oppressed servant, the other women in the movie Beowulf are also depicted in a more sexual way than in the epic. Two such women, Wealctheow and Grendel, respond to their oppression differently. Wealctheow resists oppression from Hrothgar; Grendel’s mother uses her objectification and sexuality to gain power and control.
“Beowulf” begins the British literature. As a classic heroic epic, it outlines the tribal history of the Jutes, providing a great insight into the Anglo-Saxons’ epoch. In the poem “Beowulf,” we meet the most heroic man in the time of the Anglo-Saxons; a man with all the extraordinary characteristics necessitated to being a true hero. Beowulf was his name. He slaughters the monster Grendel, a descendent of Cain, Grendel’s mother and a dragon. By including the mere first eighteen lines of the section The Coming of Grendel in the poem “Beowulf,” the anonymous author successfully reflects the various customs of the Anglo-Saxons, the magnanimity of King Hrothgar and the values of the Anglo-Saxons. It is perhaps the most suitable opening for a work of admirable heroism; revealing grandiose, powerful and gloriousness of the Anglo-Saxons’ period.
To the Anglo-Saxon’s, women did not serve as incredibly prominent figures. In a society where war was consistent in everyday life, the ability to fight, being powerful, and ultimately being warriors were treasured. Men were physically stronger and therefore were immediately given the roles of warriors and had higher expectations. Anglo-Saxon women were not considered warriors and especially not expected to fight. Women were then given “less significant” roles in society. Although women were exempt from the higher prized roles, they still managed to attain a certain propriety. The epic Beowulf has three women who play roles that vary yet, are symbolic for the culture. These women are Hildeburh, Wealtheow, and Grendel’s mother and they represent three varying roles that Anglo-Saxon women play: the peacemaker, the hostess, and the monster. (Mention last lady, Aethelflaed, somewhere in the intro)
The poem Beowulf depicts a world of loyalty, of great uncertainty and insecurity, and of transitory life.
Many of the characters in Beowulf are, like in most epics, defined by their status. But, in addition to status, the Anglo-Saxon culture also adds an element of honor. To the Anglo-Saxons, a character’s importance, as well as their wealth and status, where measured not only in monetary terms, but it was also measured in terms of honor, fame, and accomplishments. Hrothgar, king of the Danes, is one example of the Anglo-Saxon measurement of importance in Beowulf. In Canto 1 the story teller describes his wealth and importance, not as mounds of gold or jewels, but instead as his ability to “[lead] the Danes to such glory.” and as his tendency to “In battle, [leave] the common pasture untouched, and taking no lives.” Through this display of compassion for the commoner who doesn’t fight in battles, Hrothgar proves the full extent of his honor and therefore the extent of his wealth and status. Beowulf, the hero-prince, also proves his true wealth and status through his deeds as defender of the Danes.. As he fights and defeats Grendel, Beowulf Earns Fame and wealth from his companions, and from the Danes, but more importantly, he earns honor raising him to the level of an archetypal hero. Grendel, on the other hand, is the total opposite of Beowulf. He has no wealth, no honor, and he in infamous as an evil killer. This lack of wealth and honor defines Grendel as a symbol of evil and corruption. In addition to using Honor and wealth to define a character’s character, the story-teller(s) have incorporated alternating Biblical and Paganistic motifs in the epic-poem.
Beowulf is an epic tale written over twelve hundred years ago. In the poem, several different female characters are introduced, and each woman possesses detailed and unique characteristics. The women in Beowulf are portrayed as strong individuals, each of whom has a specific role within the poem. Some women are cast as the cup-bearers and gracious hostesses of the mead halls, such as Wealhtheow and Hygd, while others, Grendel's mother, fulfill the role of a monstrous uninvited guest. The woman's role of the time period, author's attitude, and societal expectations for women are evidenced throughout the poem.
One of the first literary work studied by our class was “Beowulf,” the longest and greatest surviving Anglo-Saxon poem. The poem is packed full of Christian and Pagan elements that are constantly fighting for the dominant position. In order to understand these thematic elements portrayed throughout “Beowulf,” we must first discover
The middle English poem Beowulf also defines the important ways in which the feminist heroine is part of an ancient poetic tradition in the depiction of empowered women in patriarchal society. For instance, the plot of the story revolves around Beowulf’s indoctrination into the court of King Hrothgar, since he has been chosen to destroy to the monster Grendel. However, an unusual break with patriarchal tradition finds Wealhtheow, the wife of King Hrothgar, passing the mead cup to Beowulf as part of this indoctrination. In this ceremony, the tradition of the king passing the mead cup has been disavowed due to the power of the Wealhtheow in the royal court: “Wealhtheow came in,/ Hrothgar’s queen, observing the courtesies./ Adorned in gold, she
Honour, generosity and trust may seem to be the key words in the code. The protagonists reiterate in actions and words a belief in the importance of generosity of spirit and self awareness that make man a responsible member of the society. Beowulf secures the future of his thanes, in case of his death, not leaving them up to their own fate. He proves that in the warrior society, human relationships must be based on mutual respect and trust rather than subordination of one man to another. A warrior vowing loyalty to his lord becomes a voluntary companion more than his servant, taking pride defending him and fighting in battles. In return, he receives affectionate care and rich rewards - e.g. seen in Hrothgar’s attitude to Beowulf’s achievements.
Prompt 3: What does Beowulf tell us about the Anglo Saxon culture? Use the text to support your answer. Throughout the poem, Beowulf reveals several characteristics about the Anglo-Saxon culture through the heroic code. The heroic code is an accumulation of values throughout the Anglo-Saxon time period that represents both Pagan and Christian views.
Gender expectations have been withheld throughout time, and also throughout culture. In different genres of literature, the reader sees these gender expectations displayed through the characters with examples and nonexamples of the expectation. The anonymous Anglo-Saxon era author of Beowulf provides an excellent example of the culture. Hero comes in and saves the village numerous times from three different villains in the poem. Beowulf ultimately comes to his end on his last battle against a dragon. Beowulf is seen as the medieval male expectation. William Shakespeare’s play Macbeth was to be performed for King James I. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth strive for power regardless of moral values. The rise, and eventual fall, of Macbeth was fueled