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Organization culture influences human behavior
Cultural differences in international business
Limitations of hofstede's cultural dimensions
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One East Asian country and North African country are compared using Hofstede’s six dimensions of cultures to find similar results in four of six behaviors but an extreme difference in how each society keeps a link with the past while maintaining the present and future. The cultural difference between South Korea and Morocco are most obvious in the dimension of Long Term Orientation, and each approach business in the most opposite way. Analyzing the comparison of these two countries gives a further look into their particular culture and the impact it has on business choices. Understanding how culture is an important aspect of an entity leads to successful business and leaders. A country’s Uncertainty Avoidance dimension, or the way a society …show more content…
South Korea scores 39 on Hofstede’s scale therefore is more feminine, valuing in equality between sexes, and focus on quality of life by working to live. Countries who score low on this scale prefer free time and flexibility in the workplace and care more about wellbeing over status. As a manager they would strive for equality and solidarity and with this mindset would resolve conflict through compromise. An effective manager would be one that is supporting and involves others in their decision making process. Morocco scored a 53 in this dimension therefore was marked as inconclusive due to its …show more content…
South Korea scores a 100 being one of the most pragmatic societies which is the exact opposite of Morocco who scores a 14, being very normative (Hofstede, n.d.). South Korea is less concerned about quarterly profit than they are with steady growth of the market for generations to come. They live their lives guided by virtue and good examples to lead their decisions that impact a long span of time. That is the exact opposite of Moroccan culture where the absolute truth is the most important and tradition is highly valued. The main focus is on achieving quick results that impact now. In Morocco it is a multicultural society made up of many different parts that have deeply rooted traditions, values, and beliefs that make it hard to do business with (Gray, 2002). An example of how this dimensional difference could impact these two countries is by understanding a ritualistic greeting done by the Moroccans. When greetings take place between family and acquaintances Moroccans have an extensive way to say their hellos and no business venture could slow or stop this ritual. It would be important for a Korean businessman who is on the opposite end of the spectrum to have patience during this time in order to show respect for the tradition that Moroccans
Geert Hofstede, Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations Across Nations. Second Edition, Thousand Oaks CA: Sage Publications, 2001
The authors identify that there are three main factors that effect how people act, think, and make decisions. The first is religion, in some countries faith plays an important role in all areas of life in the culture of the country and can influence many of their customs and behavior. The second factor is that of fact. In many countries their greatest desire is to find the best deal and the best product or services. The final factor is feeling, if a culture is based on feelings the people will conduct business accordingly. For example it would be essential to make a personal connection with this type of individual.
The Army’s Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) Culture Center defines culture as a “dynamic social system,” containing the values, beliefs, behaviors, and norms of a specific group, organization, society or other collective that is learned, shared, and internalized by members of that society (Watson, 2010). Culture forms the basis of how people interpret, understand, and respond to everything around them. There are many definitions of culture used by the United States military. The overarching commonality is that culture is a shared understanding and belief system made by members of a particular society or group within a society (HQDA, 2014). Culture affects almost every action and decision a person will make.
“Countries where people feel more threatened with uncertainty are more likely to be afraid of change and countries where people are less threatened with uncertainty are more accepting of a departure from the norm.” (Adler, Rosenfeld, Proctor, &Winder, 2012, p.100). I grew up in Korea until grade 11 and came to Canada. Even though I spent seven years in Canada, I am still strongly influenced by norms in Korean society. I realized that I came from one of the countries that feel more threatened with uncertainty and not comfortable with not fitting the norms in the society. In Korean society, females who are 24 years old usually finish their four-years of degree and look for the job. Moreover, majority people expect to finish degree in four years. When my parents kept reminding me the norm in Korean society, I felt discouraged because I did not want to be behind the rest of same age people in Korea. I realized that I felt helpless not because my parents were not supportive with my decision, but because of the uncomfortable feeling that comes from not fitting the norm. I should have understood my perception that closely related to Korean society and the difference of culture between Korea and
For Long-Term Orientation, both countries have lower scores which exhibit the cultural characteristics of honoring traditions of the past and norms of the present, striving for quick results in the workplace. Finally, with regards to Indulgence, the USA scores higher than Saudi Arabia with a greater tendency to have weaker control over impulses and slightly lower levels of restraint. These characteristics represent the factors that drive each unique country’s culture, and the juxtaposition of the scores provides an insight into how these cultures vary across the different dimensions.
Organisational culture is one of the most valuable assets of an organization. Many studies states that the culture is one of the key elements that benefits the performance and affects the success of the company (Kerr & Slocum 2005). This can be measured by income of the company, and market share. Also, an appropriate culture within the society can bring advantages to the company which helps to perform with the de...
In international management, culture is acquired knowledge that peoples use to interpret experiences and generate social behavior. This knowledge forms values, creates attitudes and influences behavior. Because different cultures exist in the world an understanding of the impact of culture on behavior is critical in the international management. There are many way of examining culture differences and their impact on international management. Culture can affect technology transfer, managerial attitude, managerial ideology and even business-government relations. Cultural affects a host of business-related activities, even the including the common handshake. For example, in the United States, the standard greeting is a smile, often accompanied by a nod, wave and it may sometimes include verbal greeting. In business situations, a firm handshake is used. Feeble handshakes are viewed as negatively as weakness. Men usually wait for women to offer their hand before shaking. As in the Czech Republic, shake hands, firmly but briefly, with everyone (including children) when introduced. It is also customary to shake hands once again upon departure. Men should wait to see if women extend their hands in inter-gender meetings. Also, avoid keeping the left hand in one's pocket while shaking hands with the right. In the Czech Republic, politics and other complicated ...
The differences in other cultures vary from beliefs to ways of life, or norms, of the different societies. The importance of understanding and sensitivity to other countries’ differences is crucial to a business’ success. “Lack of familiarity with the business practices, social customs, and etiquette of a country can weaken a co...
The Hofstede model of national culture differences, based on research carried out in the early seventies, is the first major study to receive worldwide attention. This influential model of cultural traits identifies five dimensions of culture that help to explain how and why people from various cultures behave as they do. According to Hofstede (1997) culture is Ù[ collective programming of the mind? This referring to a set of assumptions, beliefs, values and practices that a group of people has condoned as a result of the history of their engagements with one another and their environment over time. In this study, culture refers to a set of core values and behavioural patterns people have due to socialisation to a certain culture. The author̼ theoretical framework will be applied to compare differing management practices in China and the West. The five measurements of culture identified by the author are:
The article talks about a female executive who had visited a conservative Muslim country. She had trouble interacting with male business partners as they come from cultures where women do not often engage in high-level trades. The men refused to shake her hand, which made her, feel disrespected and confused. The author suggests that female businesspeople from liberal countries such as those in the West need to learn that every country has its norm pertaining the roles of men and women. Age is also important in cross-cultural businesses where older people are considered wise. Body language and communication style are also different depending on the culture where in some place direct speaking may be regarded as disrespectful or even rude while in others steady eye contact is considered as a means to build trust. The female business person also has to recognize the signals that she is sending to her corporate partners. She should be wary of offending her business partners of all sexes as the female may judge their fellow women more harshly than how a man would. The woman also has to determine if the signals that she is receiving are cultural norms or sexism. Therefore, the important factors in intercultural businesses are learning the culture of the other person in advance to know how to
Miroshnik, V. (2002). Culture and international management: a review' The Journal of Management Development 21(7): 521-544
In this interview Ben Bagley asks Theresa Han about the difference between Korean and American culture. Theresa is a teenager who recently moved to the United States so she has an excellent perspective for understanding the differences and similarities between these countries.
Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s Consequences : Comparing Values, Behaviours, Institutions & Organizations across Nations (2nd ed.). USA, Sage.
South Korea’s capital is Seoul. The current leader President Park Geun-hye, who is the first female president in Korea’s history, was elected in 2013. South Korea has a presidential republic government system. Combined with centralized economic planning and government regulation, its mixed economic system gave this developed country a high standard of living (“Introduction” 2014).
With the rapid growth in globalization there are a number of firms who have taken their businesses abroad. Their challenge, cross cultural management and communication. An effective communication strategy begins first with understanding who the sender of the message is and who the receiver of the message is. Many companies have realized this and offer training in the different cultures to help better facilitate communication between leaders (Cross-Cultural Communication, mindtools.com). Without this basic understand between sender and receiver it can be very difficult for companies of multicultural to even begin to communicate. The second important understanding is that leaders must demand a cultural tolerance of acceptable behavior between cultures to facilitate effective communication (Cross-Cultural Communication, mindtools.com).