Stam’s (2010) view of theory as a systematic representation of critical problems. Systematic observations are developing explanations of problems, describing different strategies, and providing outcomes. A theory is an observation and unified hypotheses, a cycle of statements, or a pictorial model, and specific methods in yielding results of said process. Theories are used as a construct in researcher work to explain a phenomenon. Practitioners utilized theory based on observation and frame the problem in an actual practice environment. According to Stam (2007), a theory is a systematic arrangement of knowledge useful for problem solving, in clarifying these different observable truths. The usefulness of theories used by practitioners is
different from philosophy in research as in Question 1, where the theory previously discussed. The philosophy view of science is asking whether truth can be discovered, or creating a framework that allows suitable results in some sphere of the phenomenon and tools in solving problems in providing guidance limited to that field (Cacioppo, Semin & Berntson, 2004). There are two areas critical for examination about theory and application of instrumentalism and realism. Realism considered approach as statements of the phenomenon in real life settings (Stam, 2007); further asserted (Sharma, 2013) that observations parted from theory by deductive-nomological framework emerged in the environment by the behaviorist, interpreting the theory. Cacioppo et al., (2004) exposed scientific realism being narrow; realism purpose creates real ideas about reality. While, instrumentalism viewed theory as an instrument in doing things, and seeking the truth (Flether, 1996). Instrumentalist opposed theoretical components by insisting theories are tools for describing, ordering, and predicting claims about phenomena (Skinner, 1950). In credence, realism and instrumentalist views are not mutually exclusive in referent to a topic. Realism is comparing outcomes, whereas, instrumentalist allows practitioners to explained why the theory converts to an instrument for that end; Cacioppo, suggested combing these philosophical views as repeated method (Cacioppo et al., 2004).
Ziegler, S.M. (2005). Theory-driven nursing practice. (2nd Ed.). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, Inc.
First of all, through this assignment, I have learned that a theory is an interrelated set of concepts and propositions, organized into deductive systems that explain relationships among different aspects. It is an overall explanation of the person in environment configuration, and helps explain why a problem is occurring. It will also provide a social worker with a set of ideas that will help the social worker get a better understanding of the problem. In addition, there are many different theories, and perspectives that are used in the social work field to empower people and to promote a positive society for all. This particular case is associated with bio-psychosocial approach
Explanatory theories specify relations between two or more concepts that explain why and how much each theory is related to another, while being tested through correlational research. Watson, 2010 presented an example of explanatory middle range theory in the theory of human caring/caring science. In Watson’s theory the nurse and patient relationship is highlighted as a holistic care experience, from nurse to patient, as well as patient to nurse.
Mitchell, M. L. & Jolley, J. M. (2004). Advantages of using theory to generate ideas. Retrieved from http://psy1.clarion.edu/mm/StudyRDE/Web_Appendixes/Theory _Appendix/Using_Theory.htm
There are many definitions to theory. According to Akers (2009) “theories are tentative answers to the commonly asked questions about events and behavior” (Akers, (2009, p. 1). Theory is a set of interconnect statements that explain how two or more things are related in two casual fashions, based upon a confirmed hypotheses and established multiple times by disconnected groups of researchers.
Theoretical framework provides scientific justification a rationale for doing a research and investigating a research problem. theoretical framework provides the structure that guides a study. The theoretical framework helps reduce biases and helps the reader understand the researcher’s perspective and context. (Webster, J., & Watson, R. T., 2002).
Walker, L.O., & Avant, K.C. (2005). Strategies for theory construction in nursing. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Walker, L. O., & Avant, K. C. (1995). Strategies for theory construction in nursing (3rd ed.). Norwalk, CT:
five main theory groups. The theory groups are psychodynamic, biological, cognitive, behavioral, and systems. Each theory group has many contributing theorists, all with different views, beliefs, research methods, and life experiences. All theories are valuable in the field of psychology, however some theories may prove to be more helpful than others, in specific careers. There are some theoretical approaches that I will utilize while working with school-aged children and others that I will discard.
However, Grounded Theory is identified as ?a qualitative research design in which inquirer generates a general explanation (a theory) of a process, an action, or an interaction shaped by the views of a large number of
Validity is essentially the degree to which a conception is founded and parallels accurately to the real world. Validity is the tool that measures what the particular research was anticipated to measure (Schmitt & Brown, 2012). There are several different types of validity but the ones that will be discussed in this paper are concurrent and predictive. Concurrent validity is taking an already validated point and testing it with another measurement tool. This means that there was already a hypothesis proven right or wrong and now the researcher will be testing this same hypothesis but will being using another type of tool to see if the result...
A theory can be defined as systematically developed assumptions, principles, and rules devised to analyze, predict or otherwise explain the nature or behavior of a specified set of phenomena. People have always s...
Walker, L. O. & Avant, K. C. (2011). Strategies for theory construction in nursing. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.
However, Grounded Theory can be identified as ‘a qualitative research design in which inquirer generates a general explanation (a theory) of a process, an action, or an interaction shaped by the views of a large
Theories are models that explain how the world works. They are often used as tools for analysis. Theories emerge at particular times and places offering contextual explanations for their emergence and the dominant forces (Denemark 1997:45).