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The representation of women in society
The role of women in patriarchal society
The role of women in patriarchal society
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Modern literature has the power to open up our mind to the ideas and values and show us a different view of the world we live in. It has the ability to give us a better understanding of social and cultural differences, which in turn can develop a reader 's feelings towards their own world and the ideas associated with women within the rigid application of class hierarchies. Through the comparison of The Bride Price and Snow Flower and the Secret Fan, the audience is able to gain insight into how the individuality of women can be influenced within patriarchal societies of different cultures. Both texts demonstrate an understanding of the changing worth of women in male dominated societies and the mutability of their social standings within their
Throughout her childhood, Lily had always longed for her parents’ affection, but being a daughter she is aware that she is considered a burden. Lily has always seen herself as someone in need of training and attention to make her worthy of the life for which she is intended. Within Snow Flower she discovers the possibility for her desires to be met; to be loved and to be acceptable within the standards of their male-dominated society. Lily says of Snow Flower, “… I wondered how I could make her love me the way I longed to be loved” (See, 57). Young Lily with the innocent desire to be loved is a window showing us her insecurity and vulnerability to the society. Lily looks up to Snow Flower as if she were perfect, as someone who she aspires to be like. It has been conveyed several times within the novel especially during Lily’s daughter days how she sees Snow Flower as someone superior to herself. Throughout the course of the book we come to understand that Lily fears rejection more than she feels compassion for the needs of Snow Flower. Lily’s friendship with Snow Flower has had a major effect on her priorities within life. Snow Flower’s unfortunate marriage to the butcher and slaving under her mother-in-law was what drove Lily’s train of thought. Lily’s relationship with Snow Flower has
Like Snow Flower and the Secret Fan, Nigerian traditions and customs were also fixed upon patriarchy within the society. In the early 20th century of Nigeria, it was a society that was very family centred but also heavily influenced by western ideas and values. Ever since she was young, Aku-nna has always been determined to marry a wealthy man who could afford an expensive bride price so she could pay back to her father. Aku-nna lives in a society where women are not equal to men and she accepts that as that way of thinking was considered “normal”. Men were seen to have supreme authority over their household and that "if you lose your father, you have lost everything. Your mother is only a woman; she cannot do anything for you”(Emecheta, 28). Women aren 't able to be independent in a society that believes that their father is their everything. This essentially brings us to see how the patriarchal ideas and values affect Aku-nna 's sense of self as she is swallowed by societies ideas of an acceptable woman. As a result of this we can see how the subjugation and oppression of women in society can undoubtedly change their identity and way of
During the Victorian Era, society had idealized expectations that all members of their culture were supposedly striving to accomplish. These conditions were partially a result of the development of middle class practices during the “industrial revolution… [which moved] men outside the home… [into] the harsh business and industrial world, [while] women were left in the relatively unvarying and sheltered environments of their homes” (Brannon 161). This division of genders created the ‘Doctrine of Two Spheres’ where men were active in the public Sphere of Influence, and women were limited to the domestic private Sphere of Influence. Both genders endured considerable pressure to conform to the idealized status of becoming either a masculine ‘English Gentleman’ or a feminine ‘True Woman’. The characteristics required women to be “passive, dependent, pure, refined, and delicate; [while] men were active, independent, coarse …strong [and intelligent]” (Brannon 162). Many children's novels utilized these gendere...
In today’s society, gender issues are often discussed as a hot topic. In literature, feminist views are used to criticise “societal norms” in books and stories. Two popular pieces by authors Kolbenschlag and Hurston paint two very different views on women. One common assumption in the use of a feminist critical perspective is that gender issues are central. Kolbenschlag who wrote the literary criticism “Cinderella, the Legend” would most likely disagree with this statement, she feels that women bare greater burdens in society and are more largely affected by social norms.
A Victorian woman was bred up with the honored ideals of someday being “wives, daughters, and guardians of the home” (Parkinson). A model young woman was designed as a bargaining tool; her person, characteristics, skills, and, for those who were fortunate, dowry were key chips to be laid in a game of houses which defined the noblest aspirations of Victorian society. The very “spheres of influence” written about by so many authors of the time, both male and female, dictated that “what the woman is to be within her fates, as the centre of order, the balm of distress, and the mirror of beauty: that she is also to be without her fates, where order is more difficult, distress more imminent, loveliness more rare” (Ruskin). However, being bred for marriage produces a number of problems; hundre...
In this course, literature is read closely with the purpose of comprehending the scope and nature of gender and how various characters deal with the effects of gendering. Many of the characters in our readings undergo emotional, social, psychological, and intellectual effects of gendering. Race, class, culture, and sexuality also play a role in molding the ramifications of gendering. In Helen Hunt Jackson 's "Prince 's Little Sweetheart" and Susan Glaspell 's "A Jury of Her Peers", both short stories depicted clear examples of gendering. The theme of marriage that pervades in both stories helps advance our understanding of gendering by revealing that a woman did not always, or possibly even often, live happily ever after. Both authors depict
Lily is the narrator of Snowflower and the Secret Fan, therefore we see the entire novel through her filter. Lily grows tremendously throughout the novel, as a young girl we see Lily as a shy schoolgirl who longs for her mother’s affection. As a female,
In Achebe’s novel, Things Fall Apart, the Ibo culture revolves around structured gender roles, from the crops that the men and women grow, to the characterization of crimes,which creates tension between the sexes and will ultimately lead to detrimental consequences. Things Fall Apart represents the hardships and struggles between females and males. For example, Ekwefi, the wife of Okonkwo, she is often beat for the things she has genuinely forgotten about . Also, we have Enzima, Okonkwo's favorite daughter, but since she is a female, she must be treated like a women. Although females are considered the weaker gender, they possess many qualities that make them worthy, such as bearing children. Achebe explained the importance of both genders and how they contribute to the society.
Women were expected to be nurturing, proper, and obedient. When men wanted their wives and daughters to stay home, the women had no choice but to cooperate, “The growing separation between the workplace and the home sharpened distinctions between the social roles of men and women” (Brinkley 240). As the separation between the home and the workplace began to grow, the shift in gender roles became more evident in society. Additionally, a new culture for women emerged from this shift in society, “Within their own separate sphere, middle-class women began to develop a distinctive female culture. A ‘lady’s’ literature began to emerge” (Brinkley 240). This newfound female culture gave women a sense of connection to other women with lifestyles. In some ways, this shift in gender roles was not completely harmful to women. However, women were still considered to be inferior to
Even through some of the greatest literature women are exposed are flat characters. Meaning that they never have too much personality or they don’t possess any purpose to the story. Feminist Critic believes that “literature is merely one of the many expressions of the patriarchal society with a vested interest in keeping women subordinate to men.” (Feminist Criticism 1132) Through literature people find out the many ways women are taught to live in different countries and throughout time, it often seems to be the same routine for women no matter the country or time period. In literature women are shown as housewives...
...er learned from Lily how to cook, wash clothes, and how to clean the house. These girls learned from each other without realizing it, and had created even more of a special bond with one another than they thought. After both of the girls had gotten married and had children, the two girls did not see each other as much. Because of nu shu they were able to keep and touch and learn what was going on in their lives. “You who always knew my heart now fly above the clouds in the warmth of the sun. I hope one day we will soar together” (321). Lily wrote these words on her final entry on her fan after Snow Flower’s death. Through all of the lies Snow Flower told Lily, she still loved her and the bond they had together for eternity. Together as laotongs, the girls overcame obstacles, learned from each other, and created an eternal both between women throughout this novel.
It is with these actions that Snow Flower presents her inevitable ability of not following given instructions. Furthermore, from being free of others ruling, Snow Flower is able to keep a level head of the emotions, which dictate her character. These emotions include “trust” and “love”, and, they help her stay “persevering, straightforward [and] outward-looking” (4, 5). The exertion of her traits, are best in the viewing of how she deals with Lily. When Lily questions her of lying throughout their companionship, Snow Flower responds by saying that ‘[she tells her] the truth” (230). Snow Flower manages to show her preserving nature of hoping everything will get better. Although, this is not the case, when Lily humiliates her. Enacting a response to her claim, Snow Flower states that “[she cannot] just [wait for Lily’s choosing of comfort]” and that “[she feels] like a bird flying alone [who cannot find it’s] mate” (231). Thus, destroying the friendship officially, in both of their minds. Adding to this heavy hearted loss of companionship, Snow Flower dies at the end of the novel. In her last days of living, she tells Lily that “[she is] sorry for everything [and hopes that she understands that she still loves her]” (236). Her apology, incases her emotions once again, and, her personality of preserving, even in the face of death. Also in her last moments of life, Snow Flower asks Lily to be “[the] aunt to [her] children” (240) . Praying, that Lily will be able to watch over them, so, they do not ruin any of their relationships like they did. In other words, Snow Flower also exhibits her personality of outward-looking= moving towards the correct direction of life. Even if it takes a new generation to accomplish
The biological differences that set apart the male and female gender throughout any culture remain eminent. Men are perceived as the stronger and dominant gender; women play the role of the weaker. In each culture the expectation of the manner in which men and women behave are influenced by the ideals and customs of that culture. In most predominant cultures, the man undertakes the role as a leader, and the woman devotes her life to the husband. Throughout history, traditions and literature provide a template to the identities of various cultures. Sleeping Beauty’s classic tale of a beautiful princess takes a central precept that previous patriarchal archetypes dominated during the 17th Century. The archetypal perceptions of women resulted from conscious and unconscious literature influenced by male-dominated perspectives and social standards.
Throughout history and even today, women have been portrayed in literature and in society as being inferior to men, putting limitations on women that stunt their ability to achieve their full potential. However, the characters Irene Adler and Mary Russel, from Arthur Conan Doyle’s “A Scandal in Bohemia” and Laurie R. King’s The Beekeeper’s Apprentice respectively, represent strong, independent women that are recognized by Holmes as equals and challenge the misconception that women are subordinate to men.
Throughout history and literature women have been second to men. In many of the books we have looked at in the duration of high school years even the most powerful and influential women are often seen under men. The women’s actions and thoughts are often looked down on by others despite the men having often performed worse actions than the they have. This drives across the idea of imbalance among the sexes and pushes the idea of women being inferior to men into the reader’s mind whether or not it is picked up. This theme comes up throughout each book either being more relevant throughout the entire storyline or simply in a brief moment. Each way it comes across it shows this idea of imbalance. Primarily through a feminist lense in Madame Bovary, The Unbearable Lightness of Being, and The Stranger women are shown to be inferior to men through individual relationships and societies’ views on them.
Katherine Mansfield belongs to a group of female authors that have used their financial resources and social standing to critique the patriarchal status quo. Like Virginia Woolf, Mansfield was socioeconomically privileged enough to write influential texts that have been deemed as ‘proto-feminist’ before the initial feminist movements. The progressive era in which Mansfield writes proves to be especially problematic because, “[w]hile the Modernist tradition typically undermined middle-class values, women … did not have the recognized rights necessary to fully embrace the liberation from the[se] values” (Martin 69). Her short stories emphasized particular facets of female oppression, ranging from gendered social inequality to economic classism, and it is apparent that “[p]oor or rich, single or married, Mansfield’s women characters are all victims of their society” (Aihong 101). Mansfield’s short stories, “The Garden Party” and “Miss Brill”, represent the feminist struggle to identify traditional patriarchy as an inherent caste system in modernity. This notion is exemplified through the social bonds women create, the naïve innocence associated with the upper classes, and the purposeful dehumanization of women through oppressive patriarchal methods. By examining the female characters in “The Garden Party” and “Miss Brill”, it is evident that their relationships with other characters and themselves notify the reader of their encultured classist preconceptions, which is beneficial to analyze before discussing the sources of oppression.
t any other way. "'Oh, I couldn't have it nohow- I couldn't- I couldn't, Mis' Dunbar. Seemed as if it would kill me to think of it. I couldn't have her likin' anybody else, an' gittin' married... I didn't have nobody in the world but Abby. I couldn't have it so- I couldn't- I couldn't.'"(Freeman, Two Friends) The way friendship comes into play in “Two Friends” also comes heavily into play in “Snow Flower and the Secret Fan” as well. With the Laotong relationship that Lily and Snow Flower have, their friendship means the world to the both of them. Even after not talking for years upon years due to Lily’s stubbornness and mistakes, their friendship was still strong and connected at the end. "Though I was not as good as you, I believe that heavenly