1. DEFINITION The word scenario appears in the dictionaries with two main meanings. The first, as reported by the Cambridge Dictionary, is “a written plan of the characters and events in a play or film” so it assumes the sense of plan. For instance, in the context of movie, a scenario is, more precisely, the part of the screenwriting process which precedes the screenplay, so it is a synoptical collage of events or series of actions. In this acceptation, scenarios are used in project and product planning to represent hypothetical sequences of happenings constructed to take into account the causal interrelations. The second definition, which is more recent, is “a description of possible actions or events in the future” (Cambridge University Press, s.d.). Nowadays, this meaning of possible event is the most used in literature: diverse shades of it can be found in almost every field, from computing to finance and business strategy. For instance, in finance scenario analysis is the process to estimate changes in a portfolio’s value based on the occurrence of different situations – the scenarios – in the future such as the change of the interest rate, to elaborate a wiser financial strategy and manage risk. 2. HISTORY The English word scenario …show more content…
In case of indeterminacy and incomplete information about the possible choices, their consequences or even the triggers and correlations among events, the decision-maker is forced to make up as many missing data as possible to guide his choice. That process is the scenario analysis; it explores the scope of the possible, not only the probable, under certain basic assumptions. Scenarios are thus the description of a variety of long-range alternatives leading to different outcomes and all the possible paths that can bring to an
In examining the military history, one can easily find out that the main role of military leaders in the field is to decrease confusion and to guide units to achieve the desired end state. In accomplishing these tasks, Situational Understanding and Visualization have become necessary steps especially in today’s complex environment. This importance legitimates the question about their relationship between these two steps and the challenges facing leaders to achieve situational understanding and visualization. Commander’s visualization depends on Situational understanding. Leader’s success in these two phases remains conditioned by overcoming some challenges related to his bias, time and the efficiency of his staff.
Department of health (2007) say that there are 3 types of risk assessment:the unstructured clinical approach, the actuarial approach and the structured clinical approach (DOH 2007). Many Mental health Professionals over the past years have used the unstructured clinical approach to risk assess. This is based on your experience and judgement to assess the risk. However this way has been criticized for not being structured and this then leads to inconsistency and to be unreliable (Turner and Tummy 2008). This approach would not be useful for the case with Julie as she is not known to services and every person is different as you may not have seen her symptoms before if you base the risk assessment on experience.
Both passages concern the same topic, the Okefenokee Swamp. Yet, through the use of various techniques, the depictions of the swamp are entirely different. While Passage 1 relies on simplicity and admiration to publicize the swamp, Passage 2 uses explicitness and disgust to emphasize the discomfort the swamp brings to visitors.
Thematic analysis is espoused to be the foundational approach to qualitative analysis and methods (Saunders et al., 2016 as stated in Braun and Clarke, 2006: 78) and it is a useful method used to identify and analyse the order and patterns of qualitative data (Attride-Stirling, 2001). Qualitative research method depicts the correlation that exists between data and events, creating the pictorial representation of what one thinks a given data says (Saunders et al., 2016). They also opined that, qualitative data analysis is cogent, interactive and iterative. Also, Joana and Jill (2011) and Saunders et al (2016) postulate that, qualitative research brings meanings from words and images as opposed to numbers. However, despite its robustness and rigour of its application, it is skewed more to the interpretivist ideologies since researchers draw conclusion from participants and the hypothesis being forecasted (Joana and Jill, 2011; Saunders et al., 2016).
The Midwest: land of TV news anchors, housewives, and dreary, never-ending fields. In her memoir “The Horizontal World”, Debra Marquart uses interesting rhetorical techniques to detail this vast, distinctly uninteresting plain. By using unusual figurative language, outside examples to solidify her points, and a geometric extended metaphor, she paints a picture of perhaps the most boring place on Earth.
“I Stand Here Ironing” by Tillie Olsen, is a story about a mother's struggle to balance the demands of raising children and having to work to make ends meet during the Great Depression. The story’s primary focus is on the relationship between the narrator, a mother, and her first child, Emily. Throughout the story, the narrator reflects on the decisions and mistakes she made while raising Emily. The narrator was detached from Emily almost completely during her younger years, but she desires an emotional connection to her, like she has with her other children. She also wants Emily to have a better life than she had.
When a case study is conducted, the researcher conducts an in-depth observation on a particular individual for an extended period of time. While observing the individual, the researcher records their observations which are then translated into case materials that are used to demonstrate a possible problem (American Psychological Association, 2009). Also, as mentioned before, case studies are solely focused on observations of a particular individual. However, even though the word individual is usually used to refer to a person, in this case, it can also be used to refer to a business, school, or neighborhood (Cozby & Bates, 2012).
Head to head hits are still a prevalent issue in the Nfl. Should head to head hits lead to an ejection from the game? If a player in college football commits an intentional helmet to helmet hit, the penalty is an ejection. If college football can input this penalty, couldn’t the NFL? We see that former football players who suffered many concussions over their playing careers, have long lasting effects. Some current players feel as though that they can’t control where their hits land and injuries are just a part of the game. Some fans feel as though all these penalties are taking the fun away the game. Former NFL players are an example of what helmet to helmet hits can do.
Social problem is a broad topic, there is “No conclusive idea of what constitutes a social problem.” To define a social problem, there are generally three different ideas to define a social problem, “Something that impacts a large group; Something that the people in a society collective agree it is problematic; Something that violates a moral code.” (Logan) Healthcare has been on the spot light, because of The American Health Care Act. I’d like to present health care in United States as a social problem, because it qualify the three ideas to define social problem. First of all, it impacts a large group in the society, because of its cost. According to CDC, “28.2 million people who are under age of sixty five are insured” (CDC). Second, people in a society collective
There are many things that can happen when one wants to go out shopping. Some of those things can sometimes influence the way that shopping experience goes. In this short essay, situational influences are defined and described with clear examples. Furthermore, the psychological influences that one may have are also discussed. Lastly, it is important for one to understand how these types of influences work through a personal example.
In order to understand both, the aspects and complexities regarding Situational Theory of Publics, one must first understand the theory in itself. Situational Theory considers a public as a, “section of the community having a particular interest or connection” (Oxford, 2016). This theory locates and identifies publics by a given genre, the genre being that particular interest or connection. Each public is a group or audience of people with the potential to recognize an organization and its current situation or goal(s). Additionally, Situational Theory helps to identify trends within various publics which allow for strategic communications practitioners to make predictions more accurately.
Hence, situation analysis is a key and basic function to marketing plan, which provide comprehensive and accurate information to the plan. In addition, through a detailed situation analysis, managers can find some key performance issues which are unnoticed in day-to-day operations. According to those issues, managers can make plan to address those weaknesses for organizations surviving and long-term achievement of their goals.
Woods & Davies (2007) states that technologists and scientists have always been involved in efforts to predict what is likely go wrong when dealing with a specific project (p.25). Potential problem analysis is a systematic approach to predict problem and contingency planning for preventing the occurrence of the problem and/or minimize its effect. This systematic approach was developed following the extensive research by Kepner and Tregoe in 1965 towards improving problem solving and decision
Strategic Planning is looking at where you are now, knowing where you want to be in the future and planning the steps to get you there.
Oppenheim (2006) defines Strategic Planning as the methodical process by which an organization anticipates and plans for its future by undertaking an examination of the organization and its environment by those who have a stake in its future success.