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Effects of monetary and fiscal policy
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Running The British Economy
Introduction
============
A study of economics in terms of whole systems especially with
reference to general levels of output and income and to the
interrelations among sectors of the economy is called macroeconomics.
Macroeconomics is concerned with the behavior of the economy as a
whole—with booms and recessions, the economy’s total output of goods
and services and the growth of output, the rates of inflation and
unemployment, the balance of payments, and exchange rates.
Macroeconomics deals with the increase in output and employment over
long period of time—that is economic growth—and with the short-run
fluctuations that constitutes the business cycle. Macroeconomics
focuses on the economic behavior and policies that effect consumption
and investment, trade balance, the determinants of changes in wages
and prices, monetary and fiscal policies, the money stock, the federal
budget, interest rates, and national debt. In brief, macroeconomics
deals with the major economic issues and problems of the day.
In this software of running the British economy we will observe
different outcomes in the British Economy by changing these four
variables. They are
1. Government Expenditure
2. Tax Rate
3. Value Added Tax (VAT)
4. Monetary Cash Flow
Through this assignment I have given a chance to run the British
Economy for five years. In order to understand this assignment we
first have to understand what these above four variables are?
Explanation
Government Expenditure
======================
It covers what so ever government spends in purchasing goods and
services in order to perform their factions properly. This includes
spending on such items such as defense e...
... middle of paper ...
...es, which are 6.79. And by this all economy get a boast. People
started getting better off and government got success keeping the
interest of investor in economy. Balance to payment went down to 5,
which is not bad.
Bibliography
Books
1. Diulio, Eugene A. Theory and Problems of Macroeconomic Theory.
London. McGraw-Hill Publishing Company. 1974.
2. Fischer, Stanley. Dornubusch, Rudiger. Macroeconomics. USA.
McGraw-Hill Publishing Company. 1990.
3. Glahe, Fred R. Macroeconomics Theory and Practice. USA. Harcourt
Brace Jovanovich Inc. 1992.
Websites
1. http://star2.vub.ac.be/~dvermeir/mirrors/ingrimayne.saintjoe.edu/econ/ISLM/ISLM.html
Accesses on: 15/12/2004
2. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~scro0519/macro.pdf
Accessed on: 15/12/2004
3. http://www.wabash.edu/dept/economics/Faculty%20Work/ISLM.pdf
Accessed on: 16/12/2004
The purpose of this investigation is to analyze to what extent did Margret Thatcher, the prime minister of the United Kingdom, impact Britain's economy from 1997-1990. This analysis will look at themes revolving around her impact on the trade unions, tax rates, her impact on unemployment in the UK and her role in the Lawson Boom in the 1980s. However, how other neighboring countries besides the US were affected when Margaret Thatcher came to power will not be investigated. In order to research these themes, news articles in BBC will be used to help find how Margret Thatcher changed Britain and its economy. In Addition, books such as the "No Such Thing as Society" and other online journals will be used. This investigation will include an evaluation of the origin, purpose, value and limitations of the sources used for research.
Throughout Eveline Adomait and Richard Maranta’s Dinner Party Economics there is continuous discussion surrounding the problems that economies face around the world and the various methods that can be used to alter the state of the current economic conditions. Changes in consumer spending patterns can become a problem for the economy as a whole, potentially resulting in over-inflation or recession. Implementing discretionary policies such as monetary policy through changing interest rates, and fiscal policy through taxation and government spending, makes it possible to fix these economic problems.
Macropoland, a natural gas and oil importer, has a natural rate of unemployment of about 4.5% and a long run average rate of inflation of about 2%. However, there are two specific time periods where these rates fell below their potential. During the period between 1973-1974, the country had an inflation rate of about 15%, with an unemployment rate of nearly 13%. And now, they are experiencing an unemployment rate of 9% and an inflation rate of 0.4%. As their new economic advisor, it is my job to explain these two time periods.
Derek Aldcroft` s article, `The Entrepreneur and the British economy, 1870-1914 published in 1964 spearheaded the broad indictment of the British entrepreneur...(2).......
The disparities between the two views of the economy lead to very different policies that have produced contradictory results. The Keynesian theory presents the rational of structuralism as the basis of economic decisions and provides support for government involvement to maintain high levels of employment. The argument runs that people make decisions based on their environments and when investment falls due to structural change, the economy suffers from a recession. The government must act against this movement and increase the level of employment by fiscal injections and training of the labour force. In fact, the government should itself increase hiring in crown corporations. In contrast the Neoliberal theory attributes the self-interest of individuals as the determinant of the level of employment.
King (1990, page x) argues that the dissolution of empire has been critical to the growth of world cities. How far does this apply to London? Modern patterns of development and growth have been shaped and influenced by the historical context of colonialism. Within this context relationships between capitalist and pre-capitalist states or colonies helped forge a world economy, which would later lead to processes of globalisation and the current economic world order. Expansion in the world economy has been exacerbated by the freer flow of labour, goods, services and capital, which are features of the post-war, post-colonial world.
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O'Sullivan, A., & Sheffrin, S. (2005). Economics. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
McEachern, W. A. (2012). Macroeconomics: A contemporary introduction (10th ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning.
The economy tend to move from boom to recession, it is difficult for government to maintain and achieve macroeconomics objectives. At this time, there are “conflicts between government macroeconomic objectives”, which is this extended essay main theme. This essay will look at the government macroeconomic objectives, the conflicts between macroeconomics objectives, the best policy or mixture of policies to minimize the conflicts between macroeconomics objectives and recommendations, which are classified as main objectives and additional objectives.