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“Round and Round the Water Cycle” by Barbara A. Bradley is a great read about teaching the water cycle to K-2 elementary school students. She talked about how the water cycle is important to teach student at a young age because it helps them have a more sophisticated understanding later on in their school. In Bradley’s article, she lays out a ten-day unit on the water cycle, including pictures, diagrams, resources, and Ms. Bey’s (the teacher who conducted the lesson) findings when doing the lesson with her students. Ms. Bey went through the four components of the water cycle in those ten days. She had her students keep a science journal and write about their findings when they discussed evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection. Throughout the lesson that was taught, the students where asked questions, asked their own questions, and recorded everything in their journals. The students were also introduced to new vocabulary and learned what the new vocabulary meant through books and science experiments …show more content…
that they conducted with the teacher. At the end of the lesson the students learned and understood the water cycle through books, experiments, songs, and questions that were asked throughout the unit. This lesson had student feel like and look more like scientists by “making predictions and conducting investigations and recording and discussing observations” (Bradley, p.48). I think the lesson in Bradley’s article would be considered a guided inquiry.
The reason I believe this is because the students are given questions throughout the entirely of the unit discussed in the article, and are in turn supposed to figure out the answer. For example, when the students were learning about evaporation the students did an investigation outside on a sunny day and were asked the question, “What do you think will happen to your puddle?” (Bradley, p.44). The students predicted what was to happen and then discussed with the teacher the correct answer after they saw what happened to their puddle. The students did not know what was going to happen to the puddle, they were asked the one question the teacher posed and then talked about it with the teacher. But, before doing each experiment for evaporation, condensation, and precipitation; the students discussed the definition of the words and read a book about what they were doing that
day. This lesson could be easily change from guided inquiry into open inquiry. For the lesson on evaporation, precipitation, and condensation; instead of the teacher giving the definitions, the students could make up their own vocabulary for the three words. After making up their own definitions, then the class as a whole should come up with a definition. Then, for each experiment like the evaporation experiment, the teacher could give the students equipment to create their own experiments to learn more about what the word means. They should also make up their own questions to go along with the experiment they choose. The teacher would go around and ask the students how they plan on seeing evaporation, condensation, or precipitation in their experiments. This would allow the students to lead more of the lesson and questions instead of the teacher providing the questions for them.
There are numerous stages that take place simultaneously in the hydrologic cycle and this includes evaporation. This is when the water alters from a liquid state into a gas. The damp air from the water rises into the atmosphere and when it cools, the vapor condenses and shapes into clouds. But those billows are not the only form the vapors make; it can also materialize as dew, fog and mist, which blanket the Earth, characteristically on a rainy or humid day. Evaporation takes place when water changes from a liquid state into a gaseous state, and ascents out of the pores of the earth and into the atmosphere as a vapor (“How”). While evaporation is taking place, condensation is also occurring. When the temperature in the air plunges, the clouds become heavy and as a result they relieve themselves of the extra weight, which is called precipitation. This produces rain, hail, snow and sleet, conditioned upon the temperate. As the precipitation falls, it enters the surface of the ground and percolates into the soil, which is called infiltration. The more porous the land is, the more the infiltration can take place. However, the ground cannot hold all of that water and floods. The excess rainfall, which is also called runoff that has not been absorbed makes its way into bodies of water, such as small ponds, rivers, lakes and parts of the ocean (“Summary”).
Some groups she would ask more factual questions, such as what the next step in the experiment is or what is that in the funnel with the soil? However, with the next group she asked more probing questions. For example, she asked one girl I see you took twenty nine away from 40, why? When the student answered to see how much of the water was absorbed, the teacher then asks well, how did you know to start at 40? Then she would ask more Socratic questioning. She asks one group a broad question about the experiment and then zeros in on an aspect according to the students’ answers.
The Pre-K and Kindergarten class studied habitats of various animals and insects. They were given examples and tough how the animals made their homes. The students built a bird house as their project and as something to take home to remind them of what they learned. Finally they went on a field trip to Legoland where they explored and built “habitats” for their families and the Lego people. The first and second grade class learned about marine life and the ocean. They built shoe box dioramas of coral reefs and created art projects depicting sea life as well as learning new facts about the ocean. The students got to go to the Aquarium for their field trip. Finally the third and fourth graders studied the rain forests and their ecosystems. The students built rainforest models and terrariums along with small group discussions on different ideas human intervention and conservation. They finished their week at the zoo where they studied different rainforest inhabitants in
The material cycles that go on in our earth are much more important than we
There are five ways in which Piaget’s theory of cognitive development and Vygotsky’s theory of the Zone of Proximal Development. The very first way that teachers can use these theories to teach constructively is by providing scaffolded instruction within the ZPD for their students (292). In other words, a teacher must be able to assist children in achieving a goal that may be slightly too difficult for them to reach alone. An example of this would be if a teacher had decided that her class should do an experiment on how well plants grow based on the amount of water they receive, she could challenge her students to make a hypothesis about what they think will happen. This teacher could allow her students to individually plant their seeds and then guiding her students to predict or hypothesize what they believe will happen if one plant gets more water than another. This example directly correlates with Vygotsky’s idea of ZPD because
There are lots of natural processes constantly happening all around us, these processes are often linked by passing one type of atom to the next process which passes the same atom to the next one and so on. This ‘passing of the atom’ along a chain of processes is called a cycle, the series of processes in which the carbon atom goes through is called the carbon cycle. Each Carbon is the fourth most affluent element in the universe and is an important part of most molecules that make up most of the world’s natural resources and organic matter, which is why the carbon cycle is one of the most important cycles on earth. Through-out the cycle, carbon can become several different forms such as sugar, oil, diamond and marble. Processes such as photosynthesis, combustion and the compression of the earth play key roles in changing, containing and releasing carbon. All the chemical reactions and processes and forms carbon creates are part of the carbon cycle, which is one of the most important cycle on earth. The majority of carbon on earth is in the atmosphere the rest is stored in rocks, fossil fuels, oceans, plants and soil. Carbon is constantly being added to the atmosphere, the most common forms being carbon dioxide and methane gas. At the same time it’s being removed by plants on land and in the oceans. Carbon can be stored for hundreds of years in sediment, fossil fuels, rocks and the ocean. The carbon in the atmosphere is almost always a compound called carbon dioxide.
The water cycle is the process of how water moves around the Earth. It is powered by the sun, which causes water to precipitate, and evaporate. When water evaporates it is heated up, making it move up to the clouds. When the water vapor is in the clouds it is moved by air currents. When the clouds come together they get bigger and precipitate. A lot of things take part in the water cycle, because so many things depend on it to live.
This lesson is called the starburst rock cycle. We found this source on lemonlimeadventures.com/edible-rock-cycle-for-kids/. The big ideas that connected to this lesson were the rock cycle and that rocks can fall under three categories, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. This lesson focused mainly on the sedimentary rock. The key concepts in this lesson were that sedimentary rocks are formed over a long period of time with the help of pressure put on them by the earth, different types of sediment make up a sedimentary rock, models can be used to represent the components and materials that make up a sedimentary rock, and finally students will understand that sedimentary rocks can be found all around us if we just take a closer look. The Pennsylvania standards that were covered in this lesson were S3.A3.2.1: Identify what models represent, S3.D.1.1.1: Recognize that rock is composed of different kinds of materials, S3.D.1.1.2: Describe the composition of soil as weathered rock and decomposed organic material.
...ner efficient energy. Also using water efficiently, we can preserve our water and with preserving water we preserve energy that reduces greenhouse gas pollution. We can always refer back to our grade school motto for the environment, which is Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle which is very essential to our environment.
In kindergarten we learned a lot about the water cycle. Although it was difficult to understand some of the words like condensation and precipitation, it was easy to remember how and why it rained or snowed. It was also a fun way to learn. We sang a song and then would act out what was happening in each part. From a gas that made its way to a cloud and soon became rain the teachers at the time really knew how to get information across to kids.
The Biogeochemical cycle is defined as the natural way essential elements such as nitrogen, carbon etc. are circulated within the nature. It is referred to as a biogeochemical cycle due to the biological, chemical and geological nature of each cycle.
Groundwater-Smith, S., Ewing, R., & Le Cornu, R. (2007). Teaching challenges & dilemmas (3rd .ed). South Melbourne: Thompson.
In Science, teachers serve as the facilitator of learning, guiding them through the inquiry process. Teachers must ask open-ended questions, allow time for the students to answer, avoid telling students what to do, avoid discouraging students’ ideas or behaviors, encourage to find solutions on their own, encourage collaboration, maintain high standards and order, develop inquiry-based assessments to monitor students’ progress, and know that inquiry may be challenging for some students so be prepared to provide more guidance. There are three types of Science inquiry: structured, guided, and open. Structured is the most teacher-centered form of inquiry. This type of inquiry is mainly seen in laboratory exercises where the teacher needs to provide structure, however the students are the ones who conduct the experiment and find conclusions. Guided inquiry is where the students are given tools to develop a process and find the results. As an example, the teacher would instruct the students to build a rocket, but not tell them how to design it. This leaves creativity and uniqueness for the students to be able to apply their knowledge and skills. Open inquiry is when students determine the problem, i...
They also need this relationship to be able to plan their lesson effectively. For children, understanding the nature and process of science is dependent upon their developmental level and the experiences teachers provide for them. Children can begin to understand what science is, who does science, and how scientists work through classroom activities, stories about scientists, and class discussions. Teachers should provide children with many opportunities to make observations with all their senses, to look for patterns in what they observe, and to share with others what they did and what they learnt from their
Martin, D. J. (2000). Elementary Science Methods: A Constructivist Approach( 2nd Ed.). Belmont, Ca: Wadsworth.